Gymnastics for a baby 8 months old. Eighth month of life - exercise. Sitting down with spinal flexion

A child of 8 months: what a baby can do, educational games and exercises.

Baby 8 months old: features of the development of a child at 8 months, educational games and exercises.

Baby 8 months: what is important to know about the development of the baby and what to do

Age 8 months- one of the determining factors in the development of a child. By the end of the month, the entire period of development of the baby (from 6 to 8 months) ends.

From this article you will learn:

features of the child's social development,
features of the cognitive and speech development of a child of 8 months,
peculiarities physical development,
educational games and exercises for a child of 8 months,
what the baby can do by the end of the month and by the end of the important three-month period of its development.

Features of social times Vitia baby at the age of 8 months

One of the leading lines of development of the child at 8 months- social development, which goes into a new round this month.

First feature. Business conversation. The kid really wants to know what kind of objects he is surrounded by, what can be done with them, how his mother uses them. For him, just affection is not enough, he requires business communication with a close adult and with interesting subjects. The kid begins to imitate adults - he is ready to pick up a cup and spoon, perform movements in nursery rhymes.

Second feature- new in communication with adults. A child at 8 months feels good about the attitude of people towards himself. The child already understands your emotional attitude to the life situation in which he is now. If he is scolded, he reacts to it emotionally. Never scold him, assessing the whole personality (“What a mischief you are!”), Rather say: “I don’t allow you to do that” or “You are so wonderful. I love you so much. But now you have upset me. " This applies not only to the age of 8 months, but to all other ages of children.

It should be noted that at the age of 8 months, the baby cannot control his behavior, guided by the requirements of adults or their prohibitions. Therefore, it is much more effective and easier to switch it to another business or another subject than to prohibit it.

He begins to observe other children, older sisters and brothers.

By the end of this month of development, the child will begin to focus on the assessment of his actions, i.e. he repeats the approved action and stops the disapproved action. He enjoys being rewarded and gets angry or offended in response to censure. Therefore, we need to be especially careful about when and how we praise the baby and when we blame him. At the age of 8 months, joint actions with an adult are very important for a child, encouraging the baby to imitate an adult - requests "give", "show" and others.

Third feature- emotional attachment to mom or other close adult. The kid really needs this tender age in an emotionally positive relationship with his mother and in a positive mood in the whole family. He needs to be spoken to when he wakes up, to call him by name, read a nursery rhyme or sing a song, pat him on the head, and maybe dance. Together with the baby in the morning you can already greet the toys: “Hello, bunny! Hello, Lala! " It is very important that when the child is in the family, they do not swear and do not sort things out, the baby feels it.

Fourth feature. A kid at this age is more independent and can already do a lot on his own. In joint games with toys with a child of 8 months, a reasonable adult is in no hurry to do everything for the child, but gives him the opportunity to try it himself. If everything works out, you need to give him complete independence.

But - it is very important that the game has good result and so that the baby already at this age gets positive impressions from cooperation with people. Therefore, if the kid does not succeed, then the adult helps him.

At 8 months old, you can already tell the child the prohibitions, that is, say "no" to him - in cases that are dangerous for the child's life. But there should not be many prohibitions. As adults, we need to make sure that the baby feels safe and that we forbid him to do something as little as possible.

Games for sensory development and development of actions with objects with a baby of 8 months

Home for baby activity at 8 months- it activities with objects. He can connect and disconnect parts, put them back in and out, and do many other things. Moreover, the movements of the child at 8 months become more accurate and clear.

For the development of speech, it is very important to accompany all games with objects with your speech - to comment on what is happening, developing understanding of speech: "take", "show where", "on", "give", "collect toys".

Starting from the eighth month of life, at 8 months onwards, the department in the cerebral cortex begins to fully function in the child, registering and storing memories. Therefore, he is already acting purposefully, reproducing his experience and achieving results: he crumples, pushes in and pokes out, takes out, opens and closes, string and removes from the rod, throws and picks up, strikes a drum or tambourine. The kid likes to repeat the same action many times, which is natural, because the main thing for him is the repetition of sensory impressions and the desired result.

You need to know:

- In order to develop tactile sensitivity, it is very useful to offer the baby educational toys of different textures (smooth, rough, fluffy, soft, hard, cool, warm).

- At the age of 8 months it's time to teach your baby tweezers(thumb and forefinger grab the object like tweezers, the fingers close almost along the entire length) and pinch grip(the pads of the thumb and forefinger close). To do this, let the child grab a variety of ribbons and laces, bright threads. And then slowly, playing, pull them out of the baby's handles - he will try to grab and hold them with his fingers.

- You can also offer the baby items of different sizes to put them in a box or in a bucket - the baby will take large items in a handful, and small ones with his fingertips, since you cannot take a handful of them.

- It is very convenient to use stable bottles and cans with a narrow neck - the baby, together with you, will put small objects in them with his fingers, and then pour them into the box. Do not push a small object into a narrow neck with your whole palm. Therefore this good exercise for tweezers and pinching of small objects.

Game 1. "Box with toys." Developed by L.N. Pavlova

You will need a cardboard box (approximate side size is 40 cm), a ribbon, and several small toys ranging in size from 3 to 7 cm.

How to make a box for playing with a child:

- Make holes on opposite sides of the cardboard box (for example, on the left on the side of the box and on the right on the side of the box). The size of the holes is 15 X15 cm.

- Tie all small toys with a chain on a satin ribbon (animals, bell, ball, cube, etc.) Pass the ribbon through the holes in the box and tie its ends.

- You will get a garland with toys that fits into a box and can come out of it (such a detail is often called a "drag" in modern educational books for toddlers).

How to play with the box:

- Show the kid the way of working with the box: pull the ribbon so that the toy appears out of the box, then the second, third, fourth, fifth. Let the kid play with them, touch them, examine them.

- Let the kid act with the box himself, tighten the tape to get the toys out of the box. If it doesn’t work, help him (you can use the "hand in hand" method - take the child's hand in your hand and act together, then remove your hand)

- Untie the tape and place it in the box so that only one end is visible. Pull on the end (or have your baby do it himself). Let your toddler take all the toys out of the box. When all the toys are out of the box, show the empty box to your child and say, “There’s nothing! Empty! "

Game options: change toys on the tape. You can take objects of the same shape, but from different materials (knitted, sewn, plastic, wooden, fur balls). Or take one shape, but a different color (rings of different colors, knitted animals of different colors, cubes different sizes and flowers). For the parts of the tape, you can use the parts of the rattles that you previously gave to the baby.

Game 2. "Rings"

You will need 5 pyramid rings (you can use one-color, but if there is none, then take multi-colored rings). Do not give the pyramid rod to the child during the game - hold it in your hands!

How to play: tilt the rod with the pyrimid rings towards the baby (it is very important that the rod is tilted towards the child!) Ask him to remove the rings: “Masha! Take off the ring! " When the child has removed all the rings, tell him: “There are no rings. Mashenka has taken off all the rings! " Then put the rings back on the rod. Toddlers can happily repeat the same action - take off the rings. Let him do it. Fill the rod with rings and have him take them off again. Repeat several times until the baby is interested. You need to finish the game with rings when the child is still interested in it.

You can also play with multi-colored barrels or buckets - inserts, bowls or plates (put them in a pile on top of each other and then arrange - disassemble back)

Game 3. Buttons

Sew buttons of different sizes, shapes, colors, textures onto the pillowcase (buttons must be sewn on very tightly to ensure the safety of the child). Consider them with the baby, be sure to give the baby the opportunity to iron the buttons (feel different textures), trace them around the contour with your finger (a round button or a button with different corners tactile sensations). Name the color, size of the button (large, small), texture (smooth, rough). Yes, the baby does not speak yet, but he hears you and memorizes words, separates familiar words from the flow of your speech.

Similarly, you can do garlands for viewing and examining with a child by stringing colorful cubes of different materials and different textures on a ribbon (holes must be made in them for stringing) or small toys different shapes and size.

Game 4. "Bunny went out for a walk" - Screen

Make a simple screen (cover the back of a chair or crib with a handkerchief). Prepare a toy, like a bunny. The kid sits in the crib, and you hide behind a screen with a toy. Start reading a rhyme behind the screen:

"One, two, three, four, five. The bunny came out for a walk. " If you have another toy, replace the words of the rhyme: "The bear went out for a walk" or "Lala went out for a walk."

After reading the lines, show the child a toy - a bunny above the screen from its edge.

The kid will begin to wait for the appearance of the toy at one end of the screen, then at its other end.

Game 5. Pour out of the bag (take it out of the bucket, box or other object)

In this game we will teach a child to turn over containers and empty the contents out of them.

Take a clean milk carton and place small toys in it. Prepare a second similar bag for your baby. All toys or objects used must be safe for the child. Take the bag and quickly empty the toys out of it: “Bang! Fell! " Let the kid also turn the bag over and pour out all the toys: "Boo! Boo!" Fell! "

Game 6. Box of sensations

For a child of 8 months, a very interesting lesson is to sort through scraps of fabric of different textures, colors, and thicknesses. Place in the box 10 x 10 cm shreds of different fabrics (corduroy, velvet, cotton, felt, knitwear, silk, wool, faux fur, artificial leather). Add squares of other materials there - wood, plastic, rubber.

Game 7. Meet the cup. Author - Yu.A. Razenkova

Place your baby on your lap. Place a small cup on the table. Show it to the kid: "This is what a cup!" Bring the cup to your mouth, pretending that you are drinking from it and say: “Drink, drink” (this word will then be understood by the child when he hears it in your speech - therefore it is important to say the word in this form). Smack with pleasure: "Oh, how delicious!" Offer the cup to the child by saying, "Drink."

Helpful Hint: The cup from which the baby drinks should be light and small. Pour in just a little bit - literally 2 teaspoons of liquid. A small portion will not scare the baby, he will not choke or splash. It is advisable that the first cup of the baby has two handles (if you find one).

When you feed your baby with a spoon, then in the other handle, give him a spoon or a crust of bread.

Play with the doll. Place real slices of bread, banana, boiled vegetable on a toy plate. Place a spoon next to it. Place the doll at the table and "feed" it - show your baby how to do it. Then give a spoon to the baby and let him “feed the lyalu”.

Game 8. "Take off your hat"

Pull the hat over the child so that it fits slightly over the eyes. Ask him to pull off the cap - “Take off the cap. Here is a clever girl! "

Game 9. "Car Tunnel"

You will need a container for chips (a cylinder) or any other "tunnel" - a cylinder made from scrap materials. Tie the toy car to the string, pass the string through the hole in the bottom of the cylinder, and tie the ends to form a ring.

Pull the tape, and the machine will "exit" the tunnel. Pull some more - it will hide. Show your toddler how to play with this toy. Make sure that he pulls the braid with two or three fingers (show how this is done, and if necessary, hold the baby's handle in your hand). Rejoice when the car appears: “The car has arrived. BBC! " And when she disappears, say: “No typewriter, no BBC. I left. "

The child's speech development is 8 months old. The development of babbling

What Parents Need to Know About Baby Babbling

Baby at 8 months babbles actively, new sounds and syllables appear in his repertoire. He understands his name, can find an object ("Where ...?"). In the babbling of an 8-month-old baby, whole chains of sounds (ba-ba-ba) are repeated. Gradually, in babbling, different sounds begin to combine. Most often in babbling there are sounds of the labial (n, p, b, bb, m, mb), lingual - middle palatal (ky, gb), lingual - posterior palatine (g, k), vowels a, e.

Observe the babbling of the child. The most important thing to remember and understand is that the babbling of a child should become more complex and enriched. And do not compare your baby with others, the main thing for you is the dynamics of your baby's babbling, and not the number of sounds for today in comparison with the neighbor's baby.

While babbling, the baby plays with sounds, he repeats syllables with different intonations, he can babble alone or in the presence of his mother. It is very important that the mother “support” the baby in his babble, repeating his syllables after him. Perhaps the kid will repeat the syllables after you. A roll call will occur.

This is a very important play of sounds for the timely and complete development of speech. Most often, in such rolls, the baby repeats those syllables that the mother will highlight with her voice, for example, stretch out a vowel or say intonationally expressively. In roll calls, you need to be face to face with the child and so that nothing distracts him from you. If you have never resonated with a toddler before, try starting with simple vowels, repeating after the child. For example, pull: "Aaa" with any intonation (interrogative, exclamation). Ask the kid: "Say you too, ahh."

Usually, at this age, it is already possible to play roll calls with syllables with the child. Do not get the result from the kid - just play, repeat the syllables first after him. Then introduce new sound combinations yourself and tell them to the baby, "answering" him. And then the moment will come when the baby will repeat after you.

Scientific research tells us that babbling occurs at the same time in healthy children of all nations, regardless of nationality, social conditions of the family. Those. babbling is a certain level of maturation of the organism. Babbling is also present in children with hearing impairments, but it does not develop further in such children.

You need to understand that even if in babbling a child at 8 months repeats syllables like babab or mamma, these are not words yet, this is just babbling, since at this age there is still no connection between the chain of syllables and the meaning of words. This connection - the sounds of words and their meanings - will begin to form later. At 8 months, even if you stimulate your child to repeat sound combinations, he will gladly demonstrate his achievements to dad, grandmother or grandfather, calling them ... mom mom! 🙂

By the end of the month, the baby will have the new kind babbling - it's called "verbal" or "Modulated" babbling... This is babbling with complex combinations of sounds, for example: "vowel - consonant - vowel" (aba, ata and other variants). And by the end of the first year of life, the first such long-awaited words of the child will appear from such verbal babble.

Warning signs associated with babbling an 8 month old baby to watch out for:

First. In deaf children, babbling appears at the same time as in ordinary children. But then the baby babbles less and less, there is no complication of babbling. What does this mean? If this is observed in your baby, you need to see a doctor. Perhaps the anxiety will be in vain, but it is better to play it safe than not to be insured. And it also suggests that for the development of babbling, it is very important that the child hears the speech of an adult addressed to him. Otherwise, the babble fades away.

Second. If a child at 8 months does not have babbling, and babbling appeared only after 10 months, then this indicates a possible risk of problems in the future in terms of speech development. This phenomenon is often observed in children with alalia, dyslexia, and also in autists. It is necessary to observe the baby and consult with specialists.

Third - when to see a doctor:

If the child does not have a consonant-vowel combination in babbling, and the child is already 8 months old,
If you simply have nothing to repeat after a child of 8 months in roll calls, since he speaks only individual sounds similar to vowels,
If there is no dynamics in the development of the child's babbling (normally, the baby goes sequentially from stage to stage. First: syllables like ba. Then - chains of syllables, for example, babab, gagaga, dadada, dididi, tititi, tatata. Then - to various chains of babbling - bapumenidya, and in the end to babbling words - uncle, grandfather, aunt)
If the child starts babbling and stops
If the child never repeats any sounds and sound combinations after you.

How to develop a baby's speech: looking at pictures

At 8 months, you can already look at pictures with your baby, and this is very useful. You can show your child not only individual pictures, but also pictures in books - realistic, vivid, without distracting details, in an understandable perspective. Of course, the baby will even taste the pictures, crush, squeeze, because he does not yet understand the value of the book. For him, a book or a picture is an ordinary object that must be examined from all sides. It will pass over time.

Looking at books and pictures, name what you see: “This is a ball. This is a cup. It's a meow-meow cat. " There is no need to “train” the kid, teaching him like in school: “Where is the ball? No, this is not a ball. Show me where the ball is, ”and there is no need to demand anything from him. A moment will come when he himself will "give you" everything that he can. In the meantime, let him look at the pictures with pleasure and joy. Encourage all attempts to review books and interest in them. If the child is mistaken when looking at the pictures - for example, you asked to show the lyalu (that is, the doll), and he showed the bear, then say: “You showed the bear. But Lala ”without repeating mistakes. Let me explain with an example.

Wrong option:“This is not lala. You showed it wrong. Here is Lala. And it was a bear. Show me where Lala is ”- the kid will get confused in your remarks, in which one or another word is used.

Correct option:“This is a bear. And this is Lala ”(pointing gestures to pictures) - everything is clear, understandable, without unnecessary words, and - this is important - with the intonation of approval of the child's actions!

Looking at pictures and books, call what the animals say: “This is a frog. She says: kwa-kwa. This is a mouse, it beeps: pee-pee. "

Remember that the main thing is your joy from communicating with your baby, and not your achievement of the planned results. There will be no results without joy! We can’t force events and get the child to say a certain syllable just today. The time will come - and it will be sure. If you scold that he is doing wrong, then we will only discourage any desire to deal with pictures and books.

How to develop speech in the course of everyday life: commenting

It is very important to talk to the baby, commenting on his actions and his actions, but at the same time speak slowly, slowly, clearly: “Give me a pen, let's get dressed. Where is your pen?". How to comment:

- Be sure to pause so that a dialogue can work out - and so that the baby can answer you with a gesture, smile or sounds and syllables.

- A baby at 8 months needs more time to react to your remark. Give him time to respond.

- It is harmful as well as complete silence, and speech as constant noise - the background for the life of the baby. We need to find a middle ground.

- When attracting the baby's attention, name objects, people, actions, properties and qualities. This is the basis for the further development of the child's speech.

- Know that you will never be replaced by any so-called "developmental video" or "developmental audio" 0+. The baby learns words only in real life communication with a close adult, in which he acts with objects. From the video, that is, from the speech of someone else's uncle or aunt, accompanied by flashing pictures on the screen, words are not learned. This has already been proven in domestic and foreign studies.

Games with a baby 8 months for the development of speech

Game 1 "Where?"

Get your baby's attention by calling him by name and talking to him. You can play as if you lost your baby and suddenly found: “Here is our Anya! Here she is - our baby! "

Bring the baby to the mirror and ask: “Where is mom? Here is mom! Where is Anya? Here is Anya! " (we first touch ourselves with our hand, then the child). Speak slowly, expressively intonationally, pause, you cannot chatter with kids.

Then find familiar objects in the room: “Where is lyalya (doll)? Where is the BBC machine? "

Then show a new toy and call it a lightweight word: "This is a tick-tock clock" (first we say the usual word, then onomatopoeia). Choose onomatopoeia so that the child can pronounce them in his babbling speech.

Game 2 "Where is my nose?"

Take the baby on the arms and go to the mirror. Start saying a rhyme and touch your nose, cheeks, ears, mouth, neck and so on along the text: “Nose, nose, where are you, nose? Mouth, mouth! Where are you, mouth? Ears, ears, where are you, ears? " And then we improvise a continuation, listing different parts of the body.

Game 3. "We jump and talk."

You will need a large gymnastic ball... If there is no ball, then you can jump on the couch.

Sit on a gymnastic ball, sit the child on your knees, hug him. Start jumping rhythmically, pronouncing different syllables in rhythm: “Yes, yes, yes. Ta-ta-ta! Doo-doo-doo, ma-ma-ma. Whoa, whoa, whoa! Moo-moo-moo. So so so. Just about. Gop-gop-gop ". Songs or nursery rhymes with repeating syllables are also suitable. After each phrase, pause so that the baby can answer you. Play with pleasure - this is not school exercise, and fun communication!

Game 4. "Sing syllables."

Take any sounding toy, such as a rattle. Take one for yourself, give one to the baby. Hum any melody you like from a folk or children's song and rhythmically rattle. Sing the song first with the usual words. Hide the rattle behind your back: “Oh, where is the rattle? No rattle! Where is she? There she is!".

Then repeat the rattle game, but sing the song in the same syllable. Choose the syllable that your baby can already pronounce (for example, sing the melody to "mom" or "dad"). With such a song, we stimulate the baby to pronounce babbling sounds and sing along. The game was developed by Yu.A. Razenkova

Features of the physical development of a child of 8 months

What parents need to know about the physical development of an infant at 8 months

Usually a child for 8 months lives approximately according to this regime (although all babies are very individual): 2 hours awake, 2 hours asleep, 10-11 hours of sleep at night, feeding 5 times a day. Of course, this is a very rough diagram.

The most important movement for a child in physical development at the age of 8 months is crawling. It is very harmful if the child, without crawling, immediately begins to walk (this happens if the baby is not allowed to crawl).

During crawling, favorable conditions for development are created. muscle mass, symmetrical movements of large muscle groups body, back and abdominal muscles are formed.

If the child did not crawl, but immediately began to walk, then he is not ready to hold the body in an upright position. As a result, asymmetric loads on the articular - ligamentous apparatus and preconditions for poor posture. Create all conditions for your baby to crawl actively at 8 months!

And do not rush to stand, do not rush - follow your baby, looking closely at his particular developmental features.

The most important thing to understand in terms of the physical development of a child at 8 months: For a child, it is most important and valuable to master motor functions (that is, movements with a change in the position of the body in space), and only then - static (that is, keeping the body in one position in space). Therefore, it is more important for the baby to learn how to sit down and get up, and not learn how to stand still for a long time.

When the child begins to crawl, what is the "correct" and "wrong" crawling of the child, what exercises prepare the child for crawling, read the series of articles:

a set of developmental gymnastics exercises for the little ones.
for children with developmental disabilities and delayed physical development.

Learn more about how your baby learns to sit and what physical exercise develop the ability to sit down and a sense of balance - in the article

Games for the physical development of a child at 8 months

Exercise 1 "Crawl to the rattle": stimulate to crawl.

Stand at a distance of 1.5-2 meters from the child, show the rattle, sound to it: “This is how the rattle rings: ding - ding - ding - ding. Anya, listen. Crawl to her. " The kid crawls to the rattle and takes it in his hands, plays with it, examines it. Then the adult takes the rattle and goes to the other end of the room and again invites the child to crawl to it. The game is repeated 3-4 times.

In the game, you can use not a rattle, but any other toy that will be interesting to your baby.

Exercise 2 "Get a toy." In this game, we encourage the toddler to get up and stand holding the barrier.

Place a bright toy on the barrier (playpen or crib barrier) and draw the baby's attention to it. The child, holding the rungs of the crib or playpen, gets up and takes the toy.

Exercise 3: learning to step over by holding onto a barrier

The kid stands holding on to the barrier. Move a short distance and show the toy, call the kid: "Vanya, go, take it." The kid, holding on to the barrier, makes several steps - steps over his legs, moving towards the toy. Start with the minimum distance. When the baby is already confidently stepping over, increase the distance. Show something new every time that will attract the child.

Exercise 4 "Catch the ball". Developing a crawl.

Play with the baby with the ball, suggesting to catch up with him. When the baby catches up with the ball (he crawls next to him), invite the baby to push the ball off and catch up with him.

Exercise 5. "Hide and Seek". We stimulate crawling.

Show your baby the toy, name it, draw attention to the toy, and then hide the toy under the handkerchief. "Where is the bear?" Take off the handkerchief: "Here is a bear."

Then remove the toy at a distance of about 2 meters from the baby and cover it again with a handkerchief: “Where is the bear? Anya, find a bear. " The kid crawls to the toy, picks up the handkerchief and finds it. Praise the kid: “Here is a clever girl! Found a bear! "

Exercise 6. "Catch-up" - develop the ability to crawl.

Imitate the chase: “I will catch up, I will catch up, I will catch up with Mashenka. I will catch up! ”, Encouraging the baby to crawl faster. Having caught up with the child, take him on the arms, hug, kiss and throw him up (do what your baby loves so much). And then repeat fun game in catch-up.

What can a child of 8 months by the end of the month (that is, by nine months):

after showing actions to adults, push the object through the hole into the box,
engage with toys for a long time - take out, lay out and insert parts using a finger grip,
remove the object from the rod or from the support (remove the rings from the rod, which are inclined towards the child and are in the horizontal plane, remove large balls - beads from the ribbon, which is in the horizontal plane),
separate the object into parts (remove the fungi from the wooden panel, pull the wooden bushings out of the holes in the toy),
remove lids from boxes,
hold a toy in both hands (Moreover, if a third toy appears, then the child lets go of one of the toys and takes a new one in this pen)
act with objects depending on their properties and qualities: roll balls, take out small objects from the box, look into the hole in the ring, and so on,
react emotionally in accordance with a situation of censure or approval, take offense in the event of a harsh tone of adults in a speech addressed to him,
miss your beloved adult and seek his attention to yourself (throw away toys, whine to attract attention, etc.),
in case of unsuccessful attempts to do something, worry or even cry,
easy to come into contact with close adults, show negative reactions when imposing communication on unfamiliar adults,
pull off the cap from the head,
show a variety of emotions: joy, sadness, resentment, interest, pleasure and others,
to the question “where” to find familiar objects in the room (even if they are in an unusual place),
understand the words "give", "get up", "on", "lie down", "go", "yes", "no", "bang - fell" and others that you use in communication with your child,
understand the purpose of objects - spoons, cups, plates and others that you often use with your baby,
imitate an adult with syllables that are already in his babble,
fulfill the requests of an adult - learned movements: "Okay", "Goodbye", "Give me a pen", "Ku-ku"
babble loudly and actively during periods of wakefulness, repeat sounds with different intonations, repeat sound combinations after mom,
drink from a cup held by an adult,
eat a piece (for example, bread, cookies, banana, boiled vegetable) that he himself holds in his hand,
sit down and lie down on your own; stand up holding on to the barrier; actively crawl; step over (just step over, not walk), holding on to the support or with the support of both hands; kneel at the support and hold in this position;
throw objects with a swing,
distinguish between your own name and the names of loved ones (for example, the name of a sister or brother),
lowering the head towards the sound, the source of which is below the level of his eyes (for example, a bell),
look for a toy hidden in front of his eyes,
listening to quiet sounds (for example, listening to the ticking of a clock), catching a familiar melody.

I wish you the joy of communicating with your kids! Surely, you will come up with your own games and ideas for the development of the child. I will be very glad if the article helped you.

I would be grateful for your comments and feedback :). Until we meet again at the “Native Path!

A set of exercises for a child of 7-8 months. Wellness and strengthening massage for babies.

A child aged 7-8 months continues to develop actively. The postures of sitting and standing are mastered, the child masters crawling on all fours. The movements are becoming more and more consistent, coordinated. Passive-active and active are used. gymnastic exercises... The duration of the massage is 12-15 minutes.
Classes with children at this age are carried out according to the following scheme.

Alternate extension of the arms.
Raising both legs at the same time.
Transition to a sitting position with support.
Raising the torso.
Circular movements of the legs.
Turn from back to stomach.
Raising the legs and torso.
Pulling out toys, objects and more.
Crawling for a toy.
Back and abdomen massage.

1. Alternate extension of the arms forward. The child lies on his back. Mom alternately raises the child's straight arms forward and lowers them. The massage is performed 6-8 times.
2. Raising straight legs. The child lies on his back. Taking the straightened legs of the child so that the thumbs clasp the bottom calf muscle, the mother raises them, presses her hips to her stomach, then lowers them. Repeat 4-6 times.

3. Transition to a sitting position with support. The kid is lying on his back. Supporting both hands, the mother encourages the baby to sit down. Repeat 2-3 times.
4. Raising the trunk. The child lies on his back. Mom grabs her legs at the hips so that thumbs were behind, and the other four in front above the knees, raises the child's torso above the table surface. The kid rests on the table with a straightened hand. Repeat 1-2 times.

5. Circular movements of the legs. The child lies on his back. Having grabbed the baby's shins, the mother bends his legs, moving the hips to the stomach, then spreads bent legs to the sides, straightens them and brings them to their original position. Repeat 3-4 times.
6. Turn from back to stomach. The massage is performed from a supine position, with the feet towards the mother. Grasping the child's hand with her left hand, the mother brings her right hand under the shins from below, placing the indicated finger between the closed shins. Helping the turn by lightly pulling up the hand, the mother achieves the completion of the turn on the stomach by the child herself. When turning in the opposite direction, the position of the mother's hands changes. Perform 1-2 times in each direction.
7. Back flexion. The kid is lying on his back. Grasping the child's legs with his left hand ankle joints so that the thumbs are on the bottom and the rest on top. Holding on right hand the child under the back, the mother raises the torso up above the table, the head does not come off the table surface. Perform 1-2 times.
8. Taking out the toy. The kid is sitting. The mother picks up the bright toy and encourages the child to get it. Repeat 6-8 times.
9. Crawling for a toy. The child lies on his stomach. Lay out the toys and, gradually pushing them aside, encourage the child to actively crawl, taking them out. Repeat 6-8 times.
10. Back and abdomen massage (

A six-month-old baby is developing rapidly. Every day we live brings something new. This applies not only to emotional and mental development, but also to physical development. A baby at the age of 6-8 months demonstrates new motor skills and abilities with enviable regularity.

The answer to the question of whether a child needs massage at this age is quite obvious: the fragile musculoskeletal system of the crumb needs support and development. We will tell you about how to independently do a child's general strengthening massage to a child at 6-8 months old in this material.

The need for a procedure

A 6-month-old child is interested in everything. As a rule, after six months, a period of crawling begins, an active cognition of the surrounding world. The kid needs communication, development of understanding of native speech. Many kids start to sit. Crawling is considered the most favorable and correct transition from a horizontal position (in which the baby was until this age) to a vertical one.

With the adoption of a new position of the body, the load on the limbs, joints, and spine increases. In order for the musculoskeletal system to develop correctly, it is imperative to maintain the muscles and ligaments in an active and developed state. Massage helps to cope with this task. It also contributes to the development of speech, because during the session, the mother actively communicates with the baby. The kid can already answer her with a cheerful hum, with separate sounds and syllables.

The massage effect is based on improving blood circulation, strengthening muscles, which will allow the joints and vertebrae to be anatomically correct position even with increasing load.

Active children with the help of massage become calmer, and lethargic and inactive babies revive. This is due to irritation of the skin receptors that occurs when massaging. Nerve endings send intense signals to the brain, the activity of which is noticeably stimulated, the state of the nervous system becomes more balanced.

Massage for a healthy child is called prophylactic. His mother may well spend at home.

If a child has certain pathologies that require the use of a special therapeutic massage, it is necessary to contact a specialist for it. A professional massage therapist will not allow the baby's condition to deteriorate, his actions will have a narrow focus.

Peculiarities

After six months, the baby sleeps much less, and is awake more often. Waking periods are excellent times for physical and mental development. They must be used. For a child after 6 months, classical massage can pursue two goals at once - a general strengthening massage and procedures of a soothing relaxation nature.

At the age of 6-7 months, the duration of the massage session increases from 15 to 20 minutes. For a child aged 7-8 months, the duration of the manipulation can be increased to 30 minutes. The massage now includes both active and passive techniques. In the first case, the baby performs gymnastics elements simultaneously with massage or after it, in the second, only massage techniques take place.

The techniques themselves are used more complex than before. The impact becomes more noticeable, the loads increase. To the already familiar techniques - stroking, rubbing, kneading - a plucked and shock technique... We will talk about them below. However, the basis of the session is classical massage, as before.

The soothing massage is still carried out in the evening, before going to bed, before bathing. Sessions to strengthen muscles, joints and ligaments are carried out only during the day, when the child does not have a long rest, since he has nervous system exciting action.

Training

Mom should be ready for a massage. the best way.

You need to remove rings, bracelets, watches from your hands.
Short nails and a remote manicure will help make the massage safer.
You should also prepare a massage place in advance. It is quite possible that the changing table, on which the sessions were held earlier, will no longer be suitable for these purposes: the child has grown noticeably, he needs a place for coups, "crawling" movements. A small table, which should be used as a dressing area, no longer meets all the requirements of a massage table. It is best to choose a wider dining table, and if the floor is not cold in the apartment, procedures can even be done on it.
A gymnastic rug made of polyurethane foam should be prepared for the child - "foam", it does not let the cold through.
A diaper and a pack of wet wipes will also come in handy in case the child decides to relieve natural needs right in the midst of a massage session.
Next to the massage place, you should put massage oil or baby cream, put a dry towel or paper napkins for mom's hands, as well as bright and attention-grabbing toys.
Take a fitball if you have one.
Place rings and a few large objects, such as large cube blocks. For what they are useful, we will tell below.

The air temperature in the room should not exceed 21 degrees Celsius. Make sure that there are no open drafts, especially if you massage on the floor.

Mom should undress the baby and start massaging him only with clean and warm hands. Warm up your palms and fingers beforehand, do not forget to lubricate them with a thin layer of baby cream.

A undressed baby needs to be given a few minutes to get used to the air temperature, to touching, after which you can start performing one of the complexes, which is relevant for children aged 6 to 8 months.

Execution technique

General recommendations for parents of children specified age category are quite simple: you need to perform massage as before, increasing the load. In other words, at the first stage, the mother easily strokes the whole body of the crumbs, then proceeds to massage the arms and legs. When massaging the limbs, it is important that the trajectory of the masseur's arms is from the bottom up. Start by kneading each finger and gradually work your way up.

Avoid directly massaging the elbow and knee joints as well as the popliteal and armpits.

After rubbing, you can make a few pinching movements with your fingertips. Make sure that the child is not hurt and unpleasant. Then, knead your major muscles and finish off the massage on each arm or leg with gentle, soothing strokes.

Move on to massage your chest and abdomen. This is done in a circular motion around the navel. After 6 months, you can add light pinching movements around the navel to your usual strokes to strengthen your tummy muscles. Chest massage with light strokes: pinching and hitting in the ribs are strictly prohibited.

In the prone position, the child is given a back massage. To the already familiar rubbing for six-month-old children, the plucked effects of longitudinal long muscles, as well as weak blows with the ribs of the palms along the spine. You cannot massage the vertebrae themselves.

You can also stimulate the buttocks with tweaks and pats. These are all passive exercises. Active for each of the ages. Let's consider them in more detail.

Complex for babies 6-7 months

After massaging the handles, add the Boxer exercise. Give your baby a firm grip on your index fingers or thumbs and make boxing movements with his hands. Try to do this often. This exercise is very useful for hypotonia, which replaces increased muscle tone after 6 months of life.

After the massage of the legs, you should additionally enter the exercise "Skier". Take the baby, lying on his back, by the shins and make sliding movements with your legs, as if the baby is skiing. This exercise perfectly develops the ankle, which in the future will be needed to master walking.

Bending and extension of the legs and arms are mandatory at this age. After the back massage, invite the baby to take out the toy, turning towards it and reaching for it from the position on the back, on the stomach.

Stimulate crawling, coups. At the end of the massage, you can try to pull up by the handles, as well as sit down. You should be extremely careful with sitting down: if the child does not yet show independent attempts to sit down, you do not need to do this exercise - an excessive load on the spine will only harm the baby.

Complex for children 7-8 months

For such children, the complex is complicated by some active exercises. The massage itself is done according to the above scheme, nothing essentially new should be introduced into it. However, the range of active techniques is expanding. As a rule, children are already tolerable crawling, and therefore after massaging and techniques to strengthen the back, add an exercise for crawling with obstacles. This is what you need our large soft cubes-blocks, as well as rolls of towels. Teach your child to crawl over obstacles, go around them, look for new trajectories of movement.

Practice stretching after hand massage: hold the toy high above the child, let him try to reach it with all his might. After the massage of the legs, add circular motion feet - be careful with knee and hip joints!

Sitting down can be done by pulling the child both by the handles from the supine position, or by one handle, provided that he is already trying to sit on his own.

From 8 full months you can add exercises while sitting, for example, “boxing” with handles from this starting position. They also add active techniques for the development of the vestibular apparatus: flying "airplane" on the stomach around the room in the hands of the dad (avoid tossing the child - they can negatively affect the development of his spine).

From 8 months you can start doing the "Wheelbarrow" exercise - all toddlers adore it. The child should walk on the arms while the mother keeps the legs up.

The following tips will help you massage more effectively without hurting your baby.

Do not massage if the child has teething or fever, and you should also stop exercising on vaccination days.
Consult your pediatrician about massage and gymnastics options for your little one.
Accompany all your manipulations with fairy tales, rhymes, nursery rhymes and songs. For a child, the session should not be burdensome and boring. It should be a fun game for him. Do not forget to say aloud the names of body parts, your actions, this will help the baby to remember and reproduce them faster.
If the child is not in the mood and cries during the massage, skip the session and reschedule it to a later time or another day. Only a massage that gives the baby pleasure, whether it is a relaxing or invigorating session, will be most beneficial.
Do not try to fit all the exercises that you have planned into the complex. Focus on the condition and mood of the baby. Any number on your list can be donated if the child is not too complacent about the massage in general.
If the temperature rises after a massage session, if the child's well-being changes, be sure to consult a doctor.

Getting acquainted with the set of exercises for children at 8 months, you should not expect anything radical from it - most of the exercises are already familiar to you from the past months. The kid does what a child should be able to do at 8 months, but the duration of gymnastics is gradually increasing, the number of approaches is imperceptibly increasing, and the baby is getting stronger, preparing for new physical successes. And, of course, the training takes place in the form of a game - an 8-month-old child perceives this method of development and learning in the best way.

becomes so mobile that mothers are already beginning to slowly miss the time when the baby was lying quietly in his bed. What can an 8 month old baby do? Many children know how to sit and crawl - where to persuade the child to lie down quietly while the mother massages the arm or leg. The kid wants to be active, so it's time to shift the emphasis from massage to gymnastic exercises.

Daily massage in childhood stimulates the child's physical activity. The educational program for moms is presented in the video.

The exercises below are suitable for babies 8 months old if their development is not medically contraindicated.

A set of exercises for children at 8 months

Note that exercises are more like games. In addition, they take into account that it is a kind of consistent development program.

Do not forget that gymnastics in babies follows the same pattern as in adults. A set of developmental exercises for 8-month-old children is preceded by a warm-up, and a cool-down ends - do not forget to shake the muscles, relieving tension from them and end the complex with soothing massage passes.

The physical development of a child at 8 months takes place in exciting games - sometimes you don't even need to pay special attention to it. Children love to play and want to have company at all times. Helping parents to carve out a few minutes for themselves is intended wide range of children's goods store bambini-land.ru - it has everything you need to interesting games, comfortable sleep, safety and just a happy life for your child.

Watch the video " Exercises for babies 8 months»

She can already sit without support, sit on all fours on her own from a pose, crawl on all fours and on her stomach, stand up on her own near the support, some kids are already starting to stamp their feet (walk), leaning on the hands of an adult or along a support, for example, an arena. The main purpose of the massage during this period is to strengthen the muscles of the back, abdomen and legs in order to prepare them for walking.

The baby is already sitting well, he may not lean on anything with his hands and back, but calmly sit and play with various objects, reach for them from a sitting position. At 8 months, the baby, as a rule, already reaches a high crawling speed, he quickly gets to any objects, and if the object of interest is at a height, for example, lies on a chair, then the baby can crawl to the chair and, leaning on it, stand up, to reach for the toy.

The baby's speech is also actively developing, he clearly pronounces paired syllables: ma-ma, pa-pa, dya-dya, ba-ba, etc. Stimulate his speech, talk with the child more often, flip through the books and tell him what is drawn in them, name the names of all objects that come to his hand , body parts. For example, a kid reaches for a toy cat, say: "This is a cat, he is white, look: here he has ears, here is a nose, here are eyes, here are paws, a tummy, a tail." During massage and gymnastics, comment on all your movements. Maybe while the baby still does not quite understand you, but such activities will not work for nothing, in a couple of months, the baby will point his finger at all the objects and demand that you name them.

Since the baby is now becoming very mobile and cannot sit still for a long time, you will have to actively entertain him during gymnastics. Perhaps the massage will already fade into the background, it is unlikely that the crumb will even lie down for 10-15 minutes on the spot, while you massage each arm and leg in turn. Therefore, they are now taking the first place, which will stimulate the child's motor skills. From the massage, do not forget to regularly massage the palms and feet, as it develops fine motor skills child, which will help the baby to speak faster and develop mentally better.

Massage, gymnastics for a child of 8 months - A set of exercises

We perform each exercise 5-6 times.

1. Crossing arms over chest.

2. Boxing with rings... This exercise is already familiar to you. Now complicate it by placing rings in your hands instead of your fingers.

3. Flips from back to stomach alternately to the right and left side... Turn each exercise into a game with your baby's favorite toys.

4. Now the child performs coups himself at your request.... If the baby knows how, then you can perform rolls from the back to the stomach and vice versa.

5. Crawling for a toy... Put the toy at a distance of 50-60 cm from the child and ask him to take it, the baby will crawl towards it. Moving toys will be great now, after which the baby can crawl, catching up with them.

6. Raising straightened legs from a supine position... With your own hands, grasp the baby's legs so that they are straightened at the knees, and then lift them.

7. Sitting down from a supine position... At first we complicated this exercise, already familiar to you, by putting the crumbs of a ring in our hands, now you can perform sit-downs with support for one hand. The pinnacle of this exercise is the independent sitting of the crumbs. But do not rush things, perhaps at 8 months it will still be difficult for the child to do it.

8. Sitting down with getting up... Starting position - lying on your back, legs rested against your body. Now sit down the baby with the support of the armpit, when the baby sits down, help him to stand on his legs, and then, sitting down again, move him to the starting position, lying down. Make sure that the child rests on the floor or table with all of his feet.

9. From a prone position, perform the "Airplane" exercise... To do this, put your index fingers in the baby's hands and spread them apart, now lift the baby by the hands, the baby should raise its head and bend its back as if for soaring.

10. Stepping, walking, standing... The kid is standing, and you support his armpits. Stimulate him to complete steps, if the baby easily does this exercise, complicate it by making your hands a support for the stand, even more difficult - only the index fingers.

11. Hovering... Unlike the vaping you did before, the baby now has to lift the breast on his own without support. To do this, lay the baby on the edge of the table or on the ball so that his chest and head are behind the support, while be sure to hold the baby's legs and pelvis well. The baby should bend his back, tilt his head back, while the baby's arms move forward. This can be stimulated by a toy or a verbal sentence. If you are doing, then you can do some swinging back and forth in this pose.

Massage for a baby 7, 8, 9 months - video:

Gymnastics for children 6 months and older:

Children are a "miracle of nature" who learns this world with great interest. Various toys come to the aid of cognition. For example, constructors, bricks, toys, cars, dolls, etc. But remember: It is important not only to buy toys, but also to play with your child!