). Street fist fight. Fighting technique. Defense system (8 pages) Strikes in Russian fist fighting
What are Russians martial arts? Who studies them? We will answer these and other questions in the article. Rus' was famous for its mighty knights. In ancient times, the Slavs practiced various martial arts. Today, combat practices are known that were previously available only to special services. Have you ever heard of warriors? These are people who conquer not enemies, but enmity. They don't win wars, they stop them.
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UNIBOX
If you like Russian hand-to-hand combat, study it thoroughly. What is UNIBOX? This is the Universal Combat System - a unique set of activities, skills and abilities, as well as a method of their accumulation, distribution and application within the framework of tasks related to preparing a person for impeccable combat or any other extreme activity. A specialist who has studied UNIBOX methods is a person with a harmoniously developed design of such psychophysical properties that guarantee the prompt implementation of personnel functions, allow a significant increase in endurance, and maintain and increase “personnel longevity.”
In addition, as a result of special training, a fighter acquires a gift with the help of which he can further develop independently, acquiring new, impeccable experience.
"Beloyar"
The concept of “Beloyar” appeared as a result of the fusion of the teachings of the outstanding minds of Russian psychiatry - Bekhterev, Vygodsky, Luria, Sechenov - and the ancient tribal skills of the Slavs. All theoretical calculations in the science of these famous people are based on simple rule, which our ancestors knew and interpreted in their epics and legends: “Every thought ends in movement, and every movement ends in thought.”
Bekhterev proved in his works that the internal contradictions of a person in their basic stage appear precisely in this chain: movement-thought and thought-movement. The development of disagreements at the final stage leads to major mental disorders, alcoholism, drug addiction, sadism, prostitution, and so on.
The Beloyar system is aimed at eliminating internal contradictions through a holistic movement. It consists of three stages. Here, first of all, with the help simple exercises fruitful therapy for ailments of the musculoskeletal system and spine is carried out. At this stage they connect different types classes into a unified system of natural movement, precise and smooth transitions are practiced.
The beginner learns to form a goal and then achieve it, regardless of environmental pressure. Martial arts are not mentioned in Slavic legends. Western historians decided that Russia does not have such knowledge. Every nation's arbitrary response to manifestations of hostility turns into a dance. Any national dance is a martial form of plastic movement.
If plasticity is combined with a precise understanding of the functioning of the skeletal system and muscles, you will get the ideal combat style of movement. Russia had this style (“Stops a galloping horse...”). The dancing Russians are the most best view natural movement. On this basis, experts study Russian national dance and use its elements in martial arts with complete logical confirmation of each step.
"Siberian Vyun"
What is the Siberian Vyun school of Russian martial art? The main aspects of its activities are cultural, spiritual, historical, philosophical, and national sections. In this school you can discover the intrapersonal potential of a person, study plastic arts - the culture of movement, dynamics, coordination, spatio-temporal perception.
In this institution you can improve your body, musculoskeletal system, go through, study aspects of Russian martial art, which are divided into fist fighting and hand-to-hand combat. Fist fighting is the name given to the competitive culture of Rus' - a male tradition. Here is the development of the practice of fighting on short distance, striking techniques of the legs and arms, methods of protecting against blows from the limbs, manner of movement.
Hand-to-hand combat is a practical combat fight (behavioral model), consisting of many combined elements - striking and throwing techniques, various technical developments, mastering ways of movement at different distances, unbalancing a person (both mental and physical), psychophysics, acrobatics, biomechanics, psychological aspects human interaction, tactics, strategy and much more.
There are also other Slavic styles: “SPRUT”, “Battle Dance”, “Black Lynx”, “CONNECTING RING”, “THUNDER”.
Federation
In 1991, on December 10, the All-Russian public formation “Federation of Russian Martial Art” was created. Its main objectives are:
- statement healthy image life;
- multifaceted human development;
- creating conditions for practicing Russian martial art;
- developing the need for physical and moral modernization;
- coordination of professional and applied training;
- prevention of diseases, crimes and bad habits.
Within the framework of the institution, the ROSS (Russian Domestic Self-Defense System) design was created, which was developed by Alexander Ivanovich Retyunskikh, which has a scientific basis in the form of a doctoral dissertation and defended candidate's dissertation.
In 1995, the ROSS system was patented. It is a subset of the Russian style of hand-to-hand combat, along with the teachings of Ryabko and Kadochnikov, and is divided into the “Warrior” and “Special Forces” systems, and has many international centers.
Her characteristic feature, like other subtypes of the Russian school, is the absence of such a thing as reception. The system is built on a technique of action taking into account the biomechanical characteristics of a person and is based on basic movements, the options for using them depend on specific conditions and circumstances.
The school of Russian fist fighting, practiced in Slavic-Goritsky wrestling, is currently known under this name.
First, let's clarify the meaning behind this name. The first syllable - Pa - symbolizes the element of Fire, which is in constant Movement. The third syllable - Horus - symbolizes the element of Heaven, embodying the Idea (Meaning). As for the syllable “do”, which combines the first and last, this is a particle indicating the completeness of the action, for example: enough, reach, finish (hence “armor”) and, finally, dignity. It is the completeness of action, which in Russian is usually denoted by the word Deed, that makes Movement and Meaning (Idea) dependent on each other.
In the philosophical explanation, Radogora is a combination of Meaning and Movement, generating Business. In the language of ancient Russian symbolism, Radogora is the principle of combining the elements of Fire and Air. Fire cannot burn without air (movement is impossible without an organizing idea), and air cannot move without fire (an idea cannot be realized without action). Thus, although the Cause is outwardly the most inconspicuous element of the triglav, ultimately success depends on it.
The zoomorphic symbol of Radogora is the falcon Rarog, known to biological science as the falcon - balaban. The color and figure symbol of Radogora can be considered a rainbow (the bow of the god Ra), which combines all the colors of heavenly fire. By the way, Pa is the sacred name of the divine ancestor of the Slavs, Dazhd-God - the god who sends rain. After the rain there is usually a rainbow. And how can one not remember the name of the Ra-river (Volga), sacred to the Russians, from the banks of which they once emerged! It is not surprising that the battle cry of Russian warriors, which contributes to the strongest release of adrenaline into the blood, sounds like “Ra!”
In turn, Horus - the ancient Aryan god of heavenly space - has his own graphic symbol - a circle (colo); The astral symbol of God was the solar disk.
The graphic symbol of Radogora, therefore, can be a circle with a wave inscribed in it - a symbol of the Ra River; or it could be an image of a fiery falcon in a circle.
In any case, such a capacious concept cannot have a single interpretation, and therefore any symbol or combination of symbols will be nothing more than a pointer to the multifaceted meanings hidden behind them.
In relation to the path of confrontation, Radogora corresponds to a spatially organized offensive fist fight.
The name of the school itself helps to decipher the combat system behind it. For example, Russian fist fighting has always been built along circular trajectories, only this method allows you to control the space around you during the fight. Moreover, most of the strikes in Radogor are built along circular or arcuate trajectories, and direct strikes are struck mainly while simultaneously reaching the enemy diagonally, which corresponds to the principle of movement in an arc or in combination with circular movements.
Radogora is divided into three groups of technical elements. These are hard wall-to-wall strikes, which are launched along relatively straight trajectories from a stable, stable position, as well as notch-style strikes, built along clear circular trajectories. The third group of elements are strikes from the wing, that is, strikes with forearms and elbows.
In the Russian tradition, there were also shoulder and head strikes. In addition, there are a large number of protective elements used in Radogor and which came from the practice of wall combat. And if you consider that the entire system is based on various types twisted, it becomes completely clear why Radogora is so effective.
We will begin our examination of the foundations of the modern Russian school of fist fighting by identifying its characteristic differences from the schools of East Asian and European boxing known to the reader.
First of all, “Russian boxing” - in its traditional form - has never existed in any one of its manifestations - for example, only as a type of competitive culture of the Russian people or only as a type of applied martial arts. In addition, the types of Russian fist fighting were full of ritual, which also cannot be ignored.
And competition, and applied skill, and ritual - all together made up the phenomenon that is called Russian fist fighting.
From my experience of teaching Slavic-Goritsky wrestling, I note that it is extremely difficult to practice traditional Russian types of fist fighting in our time. You don't have to look far for an example. Judge for yourself: to build a full-fledged wall, at least in a city two-rank formation, you need at least 25–30 people, and for the battles to take place, you need another wall...
I don’t know how it is in other places, but, for example, in Saratov, even the most prosperous karate school does not have such a large combat-ready contingent. Not to mention Slavic-Goritsky wrestling, which not everyone is capable of doing, unlike non-contact karate.
Since you can’t put up a wall, you can always recruit people for the coupling, the reader will say. It’s possible, of course, it’s possible, but before a person has the desire to try his hand at clutching, he needs to be trained.
So it turns out that the traditional Russian system of training military skills has been destroyed, and therefore there is a need to adapt traditional fist fighting for today.
Now in Russia, as once in the East, single professionals have become the bearers of military knowledge. Today they fill the gaps of traditional education. Due to changed circumstances, the “teacher-student” training scheme has also taken root in wrestling, which greatly affected the quality of training and its focus. Today, practitioners try first of all to master the applied side of fist fighting, without delving too deeply into history and ritual. The purely sporting side of the “Russian style” is also of little interest to anyone.
And how to develop sports fist fighting? If you put boxing gloves on a pugilist and secure the fight with “noble rules”, then both the technique and the manner of fighting will be no different from English boxing - at least that’s the conclusion that ordinary people will make. It remains to focus on the applied side of fist fighting and bring the system in line with the requirements of the time.
So, let’s list the differences between Russian fist fighting:
1) There are no gloves, the fight is fought with a bare fist.
2) There are no prohibitions on blows to the back of the head, in the back, in the groin, as well as a ban on punches to the legs.
3) There are no prohibitions on strikes with elbows and forearms, as well as on strikes with the shoulder and head.
4) There are no prohibitions on carrying out grips in order to strengthen the blow with the free hand, as well as on carrying out jerks and pushes.
As you can see, Russian fist fighting is not a sport or a martial arts in its pure form, since its technique allows one to fight against many. This is more like a military-applied system, where the main thing is the ability to strike with hands. This is where the above freedoms come from, without which fistfighting will disappear as a phenomenon.
Now let's move on to the technical differences:
1) There is no way to defend with a “block” - the blow is either sent into a slide or avoided. The method of wedging a blow (interrupting with one’s own blow) and crushing the blow in the initial phase of development is also used.
2) There are no fixed, clamped stances; the battle is conducted on the basis of high mobility.
3) There are no concentrated compressed blows. All strikes are carried out from the shoulder, through the elbow, using the principle of wedge-shaped concentration.
4) There are no formal technical stereotypes, although there are a large number of different strokes and technical formations.
In addition to these differences, Russian fist fighting also has its own stylistic norms:
1) Clear direction of blows. The blows are mainly delivered to the opponent's limbs and then to the head.
2) Characterized by high speed of technical elements and their diversity, as well as a pronounced seriality of actions.
3) The fighters’ desire to use their speed and plastic potential, as well as the reflex clarity of their actions, is noted.
4) Pronounced aggressiveness of actions supported by the powerful explosive potential of the psyche.
After the reader has formed an idea of the traditional and modern types fist fight, I propose to move on to a detailed examination of the technical base of Radogora.
In fist fighting, as in any other discipline, it is advisable to start training with a warm-up. In this case, I recommend you exercises from the plastic gymnastics complex of the Russian Health complex.
After you have warmed up, you can play various outdoor games to awaken your motor potential. And in general, the more favorable the mood you get, the less likely there are accidental injuries during training, the more effective the training will be.
We will begin our analysis of fist fighting techniques with notching strikes. Traditionally, the analysis begins with a blow called a “slap.” The blow is performed with a tightly gathered palm, from the bottom up, through the elbow loop, at an angle of 45° to the line of attack. The photographs show the reality of the blow (Fig. 1, 2,3).
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The next blow in the learning process should be a slap:
Phase 1 - convergence of the hand into the blow through twisting of the forearm into elbow joint.
Phase 2 - moment of contact with the enemy's body.
Phase 3 - inertial exit from the impact.
Phase 4 - distribution of inertia into the subsequent impact.
After completing the fourth phase, the blow can be repeated again through an additional impulse from the shoulder or change into another form. The crack increases its destructive potential if the blow is delivered not with the palm, but with the fist (Fig. 4, 5, 6).
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The next blow of the notch style is called a crack, which, unlike a crack, which is performed from the outside inwards strictly horizontally, is performed from top to bottom vertically. The figures show the mechanics of the impact release (Fig. 7, 8, 9, 10).
Phase 1 - formation of a blow through the inertial movement of the hand behind the back.
Phase 2 - the hand swings backwards and upwards.
Phase 3 - the forearm, turning at the elbow, rushes down into the blow.
Phase 4 - the fist hits the opponent's forehead or bridge of the nose.
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Having attacked the enemy, the hand falls down and goes into stabilization (Fig. 11, 12, 13). The photographs show a bunch of flickering - raspalina, which received the name perunitsa in the Slavic-Goritsky struggle. Raspina also has its own variety - this is the so-called oblique raspina, which does not beat strictly from top to bottom, but diagonally.
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The next blow after the fire is the notch joint. The strike is performed from the inside to the outside, from top to bottom at an angle of 45° to the line of attack. The notch joint is made with both the fist and the forearm (Fig. 14, 15, 16). The photographs show the interaction of the notched joint and the buzdychan. The notch joint is used to interrupt an enemy's blow or for upper-tier attacks.
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Another strike of this type is the ground joint. The blow is performed in a strictly horizontal plane from the inside out, being the complete antipode of the crack (Fig. 17, 18). An underground joint is made with the forearm or fist.
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The blow that follows the ground blow is called the kick joint. The name, as usual, reflects the essence of the blow. The kick is kicked from below from the thigh opposite to the striking hand. The blow is performed on the opponent’s chin or knocks down his hands from below (Fig. 19, 20). The foot joint is struck with a fist hammer called a cue.
The last blow of the cut, closing the spatial circle, is the plow joint. It is performed from the bottom up, almost vertically. The submerged joint is brought out with a fist after first pulling the opponent towards you (Fig. 21, 22). The photos show a submerged joint with a knee exit to enhance the impact.
The second group of technical elements are strikes, which in the Russian tradition are called strikes from the wing.
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We will begin the analysis of these elements with a blow that simulates a transverse push with the shaft of a spear. This blow, known to us from epics as “a blow in half the arm and across the chest,” in the Slavic-Goritsky fight was called ratovishche (Fig. 23). Ratovishche combines the qualities of a push and a blow, applied with the entire surface of the forearm of a bent hand. The blow is prepared for a deep attack on the open surfaces of the enemy’s body (Fig. 24).
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Also a melee strike that uses the entire surface of the forearm is the chopper or slasher. The strike is performed in two versions - in a wide amplitude (Fig. 25) and in a closed, assault version. The blow is designed to hit the opponent’s arms and head and develops diagonally from top to bottom.
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Strikes from the wing also include strikes with the elbows, which in the Russian tradition were called skola (Fig. 26). The photo shows a chip to the head. The main difference between a chip and impacts of this type in other directions is that the chip is applied from the shoulder, in a circular amplitude.
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Apart from the strikes discussed above, almost any of the notch strikes can turn into a wing strike. As shown in the photographs, the crack can also be hit from the wing, then moving on to finishing with a chip (Fig. 27, 28, 29).
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It is also appropriate to mention the fact that Radogora can also be built on the use of wrestling techniques, for example, as an auxiliary element. The photographs show how a hall was used against an oblique fire, after which the enemy was attacked with a submerged joint (Fig. 30, 31, 32, 33).
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Thus, both from svili and from Radogora you can successfully move into the technique of power or dynamic wrestling. And vice versa, you can immediately move from a wrestling technique to a striking technique.
We move on to the last group of elements included in Radogora. This group consists of elements of wall combat.
The first thing we will start with in analyzing this technique is flickering containment (Fig. 34). In this case, you see a double flicker. This element is indispensable if you need to keep your opponent from taking action or push him out of combat range.
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In addition to the elements of active defense, which, in addition to flickers, includes the Greco-Roman defense, as well as cabbage rolls (Fig. 35) and targets (double Greco-Roman defense), there are several types of tactical strikes in the arsenal. I bring to your attention two of them .
Straight into the screed (Fig. 36, 37). A very fast shocking strike, although with limited force potential. The trajectory of the strike is such that it is very convenient for them to wedge in strikes - while simultaneously attacking the enemy's head or body.
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The second, much more powerful, blow is called a cue (Fig. 38), as it is delivered from top to bottom with the hammer of the fist. The photo shows a flicker-cue combination. The blow imitates the action of a war hammer (Fig. 39, 40).
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Another tactical strike is the straight back. Usually the blow is performed with a preliminary exit into the twist (twist with a separation) (Fig. 41).
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The most representative direct blow of Russian fist fighting is the swinging joint. This is the most swipe Russian fist fighting - regardless of styles and trends. The blow is performed with a wide amplitude movement from the entire shoulder. The target of the blow is the central part of the chest (solar plexus). To achieve the goal, the fist falls slightly down, which allows you to achieve the greatest damaging effect (Fig. 42).
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A swing joint develops from the back. Elbow striking hand is wound behind the back with the shoulder blade pressed. Rotating the Hand at the shoulder, the fighter throws it forward, while performing a double twist of the fist and body (Fig. 43, 44, 45).
The next blow of the wall battle was called direct from the inflow, or inflow. The blow is performed with the obligatory carrying of the body weight forward, while both the inertia of the fall and the weight of the moved body are put into the blow at the same time (Fig. 46, 47, 48).
Another feature of the direct shot is that first the forearm moves forward to preliminarily knock down the opponent’s hand. Without interrupting the forward movement in this phase, the fist moves towards the opponent’s face, upward (Fig. 49, 50).
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The next blow is a tensile joint (Fig. 51, 52). It is thrown forward due to a soft but rapid twisting of the body. It turns out that the tensile joint uses the inertia of the body movement. The hand twists outward during the strike.
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This blow imitates a fencing technique, which is based on passing an oncoming straight along the chest (Fig. 53, 54, 55, 56). Another powerful blow in Russian fist fighting is the straight kosach, or kosach.
The braid is performed in a strictly horizontal plane, so it is applied mainly to the enemy’s body. If you gain in height, one of the opponents can successfully attack the opponent's head with the help of a braid. This, I repeat, is one of the most powerful blows. A braid is formed through the transfer of an impulse from one shoulder to the other, followed by its strengthening by twisting the body. The photographs (Fig. 57, 58, 59) show a tretura (a bunch of three elements): a flicker-slap - from a braid.
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The last of the blows discussed in this book will be the buzdygan. It is also one of the strongest punches in Russian fist fighting. The bristle gun is ideally placed to hit the head. The blow is performed from the key position, moving the elbow back - up through a turn in the shoulder joint. After sending the arm forward, the arm is twisted inward at the elbow joint while the arm is simultaneously extended in it, while the fist rotates so that thumb appears at the bottom (Fig. 60, 61, 62).
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The photographs show the standard interaction of flickering containment, which turns into pulling the enemy towards oneself, and the buzdygun (Fig. 63, 64).
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In addition to the classic form of the buzdygan, there is also a variation of it - the falling buzdygan.
This form is performed by quickly approaching the enemy perpendicularly. Exit to the perpendicular, or, as they said in Rus', to the cross, is performed by lifting the legs with a twist, after which a buzdygan is applied. To master the falling buzdygan, I suggest the wolf link (double flicker-buzdygan) (Fig. 65, 66).
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To strengthen the skill of hand interaction in Radogor, I present to your attention one of the basic combinations of wall fighting, which in Slavic-Goritsky wrestling is known as the eternal connection.
It is built on the principle of tretura, therefore, it contains three main elements, performed alternately.
So, your flickering hold attacks the opponent's forward arm, with the forearm of the flickering hand blocking the possible path of movement of the opponent's free hand. Meanwhile, your free hand (in this case, the right) performs a kick to the opponent’s head. After performing the strike, your hand immediately assumes the position of the Greco-Roman defense, which continues to push the opponent’s body along the line of attack.
Why is the link called eternal? Because after completing its last element, you can again move on to its first element, and so on ad infinitum; a chain of cyclically repeating elements is obtained (Fig. 67, 68, 69, 70).
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At the end of this chapter, I would like to orient the reader to a qualitative study of the material presented in it. First of all, I would like to remind you that in a combat situation, the speed of performing elements should correspond to three to four elements per second. Accordingly, during training it is necessary to systematically achieve not only coordination and coherence of actions, but also reaching the highest possible speed indicators.
Another important factor in the success of your actions can be considered mastery of the principle of wedge-shaped concentration. This principle is reflected in Fig. 71.
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Until the moment of contact with the opponent’s body, your hand should be completely relaxed, but as you approach the target, your fist should clench. The maximum clenching of the fist should correspond to the maximum application of force, after which the hand relaxes again. Thus, the wedge-shaped concentration is built according to the law of the triglav, reflecting all its stages: reality-right-nav. Moreover, on initial stages During training, one should try to synchronize the stages of wedge-shaped concentration with the stages of the act of breathing. As a result, we will make sure that the phase of the hand entering the blow corresponds to exhalation, and the phase of releasing concentration corresponds to holding the breath.
Russian fist fight
Now there is a lot of talk about the fact that the Russian style did not exist. But this was said by people who do not have basic knowledge and concepts of history.
Of course, we unfortunately don’t know much about this, since at that distant time few special records were made on this topic, but we bring to your attention some things restored from the surviving records. I do not want to discuss how effective this style is, but simply offer it for your consideration.
This is how the ancestors fought (Russian style of hand-to-hand combat)
We offer for consideration serif style, or, as they also called it then - I'm whipping. This style is currently cultivated by many sections and clubs of fans of Slavic martial arts.
A little history. The psychology of the battle and the mechanics of striking are special and significantly different from the eastern ones. These technical features are associated with martial art.
Remember, the Slavs often had to deal with numerous enemies. From history we know that Rus' has never known heavy armor. That is why Slavic warriors relied more on their own strength and the art of warfare. And they fought at a frantic pace, holding weapons in both hands.
What a frantic pace is was clearly demonstrated to me in the late eighties at a Leningrad school. The masters delivered 7 blows per second. At such an unimaginably frantic pace, the master could work for a minute or a minute and a half. Well, yes, you didn’t think so. 7 beats per second.
The fact is that during the battle, with an increase in the number of directly attacking opponents, the number of retaliatory strikes should have increased. But, oddly enough, in this case the weapon itself becomes the main obstacle. Sword, saber. This is the mechanics of combat. Indeed, when striking with his left hand, the main obstacle to him is the blade of the saber, clamped in right hand. Therefore, the warrior had to throw down his weapon and strike with the forged bracer And wombs, which protected the arm from the hand to the elbow. But that's a little later. And in more ancient times, a kind of bracer was the weaving of rawhide leather belts, which were used to braid the arm from hand to elbow.
Some schools of Slavic fist fighting still use leather bracers, paying tribute to traditions. Although, a blow delivered in a bracer is always more powerful, despite the apparent ease of the execution technique.
The warrior's legs were first protected by leather, then by chain mail. leggings, and a little later they were made from forged metal plates - Buturlukov. Often all kinds of hooks and tweezers were attached to the leggings. Protected and armed in this way, the leg was a formidable weapon.
According to Russian traditions, slashing was called hand-to-hand combat, but never combined fist fighting and wrestling, which are now called hand-to-hand combat. Translated from Old Church Slavonic, “opash” means waving. That is, hand-to-hand combat is a fight by waving your arms, that is, cutting.
Have you ever heard the phrase: “hit with all your might”? You don't need to take the shoulder literally as part of the body. The shoulder in Slavic fighting schools is the extension of the blow, that is, its depth, which is equal to half the circle.
And now the Russian style technique
Let's look at the racks. They have some features and differ from the racks that are used in eastern schools. One of the main basic stances, one might say the main basic stance, is called the “key joint”. This is where the battle takes place.
One of its characteristic features is the relative freedom of body position. Positioning the legs also does not require strict restrictions. The stance is not static, and the fighter in it is a bundle of energy, ready for action.
The body is slightly tilted forward, the arms are bent at the elbows in front of the chest so that the forearms are set at the same distance. The neck muscles are slightly tense. When the enemy is positioned at a long distance, position the elbows as in the figure.
Basic stance (“key joint”)
This hand position is ideal for spinning a horizontal series of punches. But it should be taken into account that this position of the hands leaves the ribs and kidneys open, which means that at the slightest danger of getting close to the enemy, you should take a stance with your hands down, as in the figure.
Hands down stance
The picture shows the tension and readiness of the fighter. But this is more of a defensive stance. You cannot freeze in it for a long time and you cannot deliver such a rapid series of blows. The feet in this stance are at the depth of a steady step. This position is called heel. This is a stable zone of space.
How our ancestors fought
In this article we will look at the movement system in abat fisticuffs.
This system consists of 2 parts: movement when defending, this is called “swil,” and movement when carrying out an attack. This is called breaking.
But let's talk about the style. The basis of the style is the heel. Svilya is ground movements, experience of protective movements in general. It must be remembered that movements in the swing should be performed sharply, rapidly, in jerks. This is perhaps the only method that provides effective protection.
Let's look at several traditional heel positions, which are the easiest to begin mastering. Special attention It should be noted that all the poses given here are frozen moments. You need to leave them as quickly and easily as you accept them.
So, let's take a closer look at what svilya is? It's not just ground movements. In addition to all of the above, this is a systematic and calculating maneuver that is performed at the level of the first signal system, which means without analytical preparation.
Simply put, it is a motor reflex. Analyzing the enemy's movements and your own will take too much time, and sometimes winning a split second can win the battle. That is, if we look in more detail, then Old Russian style is always avoiding blows. This is the difference from martial arts, where a counter block is applied.
But svilya is not unique to Russian fist fighting. Similar techniques are present in many types of wrestling, for example, in Greco-Roman. The boxer's mobility in the ring is also based on this. As you know, in their practice of fist fighting, the Greeks struck only to the head. Of course, this remark does not apply to pankration.
Considering that the fighter’s hand was armed with a bracer made of heavy leather belts with metal spikes and plaques, one might get the impression that Greek fistfights were an inhumane spectacle. But that's not true. The fact is that striking a limited target is directly proportional to the protective effect. That is, by limiting the target of the strike, the defensive maneuver is simpler and it is more difficult to reach the enemy.
It is traditionally believed that the borrowing of traditions from other types of wrestling was carried out in only one direction. That is, the campaigns of Oleg, Igor and Svyatoslav against Byzantium are considered, which contributed to the introduction of foreign methods into the environment of Slavic martial arts. But this is not entirely true, since in the 10th century, to which these campaigns belong, methods of fighting were known that the Greeks could not have known about. Perhaps svilya in ancient times was the prototype of gymnastics for the Slavs.
After you have mastered the given heel positions and feel that the enemy attacking with a series of blows is not dangerous, you can begin to study movement around the court.
Today, there are 3 known ways to move around the site. This is a pacing characteristic of Russian fist fighting, with a corresponding body tilt, a jump, which is especially characteristic of the Russian dance and hopak, and a head over heels, that is, a specific somersault, in several forms.
These methods are used when the attacker's pressure is capable of sweeping away your heel. Simply put, you cannot protect yourself without moving. In this case, all movements around the site are only movements of the heel from place to place. The heel, moving around the site, must fail all enemy attacks. But grooming is not just about moving your legs. Movement is generated by the body, and the legs only implement movement in a given direction.
Mentions of fist fight, without details, is in the Tale of Bygone Years. It can be argued that in medieval Rus', fist fighting was not just fun, but important element military education. History has not preserved either the styles or the names of the great fighters, which was greatly facilitated by the position of the Russian Orthodox Church and the ruling class. Fist fighting was heavily “involved” in pagan traditions. For example, back in the 19th century, before a competition, fighters performed “breaking”, imitating the movements of a bear (which was an object of cult in the village for centuries). Functionally, “breaking” can be compared, at a stretch, to the Wye-Kru of Thai boxing is a warm-up dance, a kind of meditation in motion.
The first information that has reached us about an attempt to ban fistfights dates back to 1274, when Metropolitan Kirill convened a council in Vladimir, which decided: “to excommunicate those involved in fist fights and stake fights, and not to perform a funeral service for those killed.” During the time of Fyodor Ioannovich (1584-1598), not a single episode of fist fighting was recorded. The 17th century was a time of real persecution of the “kulaks,” which was facilitated by endless popular riots in which fist fighters participated. Those caught in a fist fight were beaten with batogs, fined, and “repeat offenders” were exiled to border lands. But Peter I, on the contrary, encouraged fist fighting. He even issued a decree in 1727 regulating the rules of combat. The 19th century was also rich in prohibitions, but Maslenitsa fist fights became part of popular culture, and the church had to come to terms with this state of affairs.
In the Middle Ages, fist fighting in Rus' was also a variant of ordeal - God's judgment - when the winner of the fight was considered right, and the loser was considered guilty.
The degeneration of fist fighting was also facilitated by the creation of mass armies armed with firearms, when the personal training of each fighter was not as critical as in fighting with edged weapons.
Nicholas I completely banned fist fights in 1832. After the establishment of Soviet power, fist fighting was seen as a relic of the tsarist regime and was gradually disappearing, replaced, for example, by boxing and sambo.
Fist fighting lasted in criminal circles until the fifties, but then it became common practice to use knives or firearms and the martial art finally sank into oblivion.
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Psychological preparation for professional fighters and athletes takes place in several stages. In peacetime or outside of competition, they receive the necessary basic knowledge of psychology, which helps them develop the qualities necessary for a fighter. Also at this stage, various techniques of psychological self-training are mastered, which are later used before the fight and directly in hand-to-hand combat.
Strong-willed qualities (persistence, determination, self-control) are of great importance for a fighter. They are the ones who help you work for hours in training, overcome fatigue, fear, and go into battle.
Attitude is important in the psychological preparation of a fighter. When charging with anger, it is important to maintain an adequate assessment of the enemy. You should not exaggerate its superiority, you need to reveal it weak sides and be prepared for unexpected situations. If there is any information about the enemy (preferred military equipment, behavioral characteristics), then you can mentally play out some possible situations, remember your advantages and situations of their use. In a real battle (sports or military), the most unexpected situations can arise, so it is necessary to remain ready to adapt and make decisions during the battle.
Posture helps show your combat readiness (varies depending on the martial arts). It helps to tune in, prepare for movement and attack, tones the necessary muscles and turns the body into a fighting mechanism. If a fighter takes this position, it means that the enemy’s attack did not hit him, and he is ready to continue the fight. Having assumed a fighting pose, you can freeze for a short time to gather your strength and catch your breath.
In any fight, including fist fights, opponents face pain. This physical suffering removes one from a state of combat readiness, and one must be able to overcome it in order to win. This is especially important in fights not related to sporting competitions.
Painful sensations intensify under the influence of fear. During the battle, when emotions fade into the background, the main thing is to maintain clarity of thinking and clarity of action, fighters often do not notice minor injuries. When survival is the primary goal, even severe injuries can go unnoticed. This is due to the selectivity of attention and its concentration on what is more important at the moment.
Less pain is felt if the fighter is in a state of anger or rage. If he allows himself to feel pain, then this does not go unnoticed by the enemy, who immediately begins to feel his advantage. In combat, it is important to demonstrate a willingness to act without delay, so pain does not fully manifest itself. If a fighter is not initially afraid of pain, that is, he simply does not think about it, he overcomes it and does not reveal his suffering to the enemy either through facial expressions, groans, or forced body position.
In order to cope with yourself and maintain a combat-ready state, you can use several techniques. In a fist fight, when the opponent is in close proximity, you need to act quickly, and the pain may go unnoticed. If the situation has developed in such a way that the distance between the opponents has increased, then there is time to realize the injury; it is at this moment that one should not succumb to pain. In the book “Psychological self-preparation for hand-to-hand combat,” the authors suggest using breathing technique, controlling facial expressions and adopting a fighting pose. These same techniques will help you overcome pain after the fight is over.
Various technologies are used in preparation for battle. Classic auto-training, modern NLP, or traditional drugs with narcotic components among different peoples can be used. All stages of training are aimed at overcoming fear and increasing combat readiness.
First of all, when pain occurs, you need to use calming breathing techniques. Inhale shallowly and calmly, then exhale deeply and longly, and maintain a breathing pause of 1 - 2 seconds. Exhalation should be twice as long as inhalation. This breathing allows you to relax and calm down. A few inhalations and exhalations in this rhythm help you come to your senses and begin to act.
Each fighter, during numerous training sessions, develops a certain “mask” for himself. In this way, he makes his facial expression impenetrable and hides his emotions and true state from the enemy. With severe pain, a grimace of suffering appears on the face. If you try to relax the muscles of the face, back of the head and neck, you can reduce pain and hide your condition from the enemy. The ability to quickly relax must be developed as you master martial arts.
Features of Russian fist fighting
Knowledge about the technique of Russian fist fighting was passed down in Rus' from generation to generation. Children watched their fathers participate in fist fights, listened to the stories of their grandfathers and accumulated their own experience. Folk history and wisdom are passed down orally and thus preserved for many centuries. There are many epics and fairy tales about Russian heroes that grandmothers tell their grandchildren. WITH early years boys in Rus' listened to them, and they themselves wanted to become heroes, imitating adults they staged street fights. IN adolescence they already knew how to fight with a fist and mastered the basic techniques. Traditional fist fights were an indispensable condition for young men growing up and helping them become warriors.
Russian fist fighting has similarities and differences with other types of martial arts. The author of the book “Why Fist Fighting Needs Philosophy,” A. Yu. Telukhin, explains the similarities in martial arts techniques by the psychophysiological and anatomical characteristics of people. People of any nationality have the same body structure and react the same way to the pain that occurs when struck. The most sensitive and vulnerable areas on their body also coincide. The musculoskeletal system has the same biomechanics for everyone, because the spine and joints, together with muscles and ligaments, represent a system of levers and hinges that move our body. As a result, in general terms, martial arts techniques of different nations have some similarities.
All hand-to-hand combat techniques and techniques are divided into striking, throwing and mixed. In martial arts based on percussion techniques, blows are used with different parts of the body. Russian fist fighting is also based on striking techniques. In it, blows are struck to the enemy not only with the hands, but also with the feet and sometimes with the head. There are different ways to strike with your hands. You can touch the enemy’s body with your fist (the side surface of the fist, the phalanges of bent fingers and the protruding knuckles on the back), or your elbow.
Throwing techniques are used to a lesser extent in fistfighting. However, you can’t do without them completely, since they allow you to unbalance your opponent and alienate him. What techniques to use - each fighter decides during the battle. The more techniques and techniques he masters, the more opportunities he has to overcome his opponent.
Russian fist fights are divided into individual and group. Each case uses its own techniques and techniques. For a duel great importance have power moves. A strong blow helps to disable an opponent at a short distance and win. In group combat, control of the space around you and the ability to move in it depending on the current situation are of particular importance. It uses techniques that allow you to repel the attack of several attackers at once.
Russian fist fighting also differs from other martial arts in its versatility. Unlike martial arts, which have become popular types sport, Russian fist fighting does not require special conditions. Everything a fighter knows (techniques, tricks) can be performed in any conditions, including street conditions. Outside gym, without special clothing and in any shoes, Russian fist fighting techniques are fully applicable. They can be used for self-defense in case of a surprise attack. In such a situation, it is necessary to act quickly and accurately. Unlike martial arts, Russian fist fighting does not use original stances and hand passes. The emphasis is on the ability to interact with the enemy in battle. For this, spatial movements in any conditions are important, the ability to free yourself from being grabbed, and protect yourself from a blow. Of particular importance is the ability to fight with multiple attackers. In this case, techniques are used that target the most vulnerable areas (hits to the eyes, groin) of the enemy’s body, and there are no restrictions. You can master the techniques of Russian fist fighting in a shorter time than the techniques of many martial arts. We need a good one here physical form, strength, endurance, and there is no need to improve muscle stretching and flexibility as, for example, in karate.
Russian fist fighting is often compared to boxing. However, there are many differences between these martial arts. In boxing, fighters perform one on one, but Russian fist fighting can be not only duel, but also group. In the book “The Art of Hand-to-Hand Combat,” N. N. Oznobishin talks about how boxing has changed over time. Initially, boxers fought without gloves, which made the blows less powerful. To defeat their opponents, they used various throwing techniques, often making grabs and trips. Boxing at first resembled hand-to-hand combat, and it was difficult to win. Such a fight lasted a long time and ended more often because one of the opponents was exhausted. Therefore, boxing was initially inferior to Russian fist fighting in the effectiveness of the techniques used and the ability to repel a sudden attack on the street. Boxing gradually developed, and athletes acquired modern equipment, including gloves. This led to a change in fighting techniques, the emergence of new techniques that made it possible to deliver stronger blows to the enemy. Currently, boxing is a spectator sport, and it has certain rules that allow you to watch the competition with interest. There are also prohibited techniques in boxing.
Russian fist fighting is more focused on real life conditions. It can be carried out in any conditions, using any techniques. In case of an unexpected attack, Russian fist fighting techniques will help you defend yourself to a greater extent. Unusual fighting conditions and a lack of gloves can make it difficult for an experienced boxer to react quickly and defeat an opponent. Fist fighters are less dependent on the conditions in which the battle takes place, and are always “armed.”
The differences between Russian fist fighting and boxing also lie in the features of stances and methods of moving fighters. They strike differently with the hand. In a fist fight, the elbow works more actively. There are many other technical differences.
The techniques and techniques of Russian fist fighting have been developed over centuries, so many modern schools of hand-to-hand combat are based on them. They are more defense oriented than attack oriented. But at the same time, they allow you to defend yourself in such a way as to repel an attack and overcome your opponent. Training in Russian fist fighting must be done in practice. To understand and master it, communication with a trainer is of great importance. In addition to studying the techniques of fist fighting itself, it is necessary to improve general physical fitness.
Russian fist fighting is characterized by speed of movements. Fighters do not take special stances before striking, since the distance between them is most often minimal. Basically, they use striking techniques performed not only with their hands, but also with their legs, and in rare cases they use grappling techniques. The basis of Russian fist fighting is made up of hard oblique blows, which are combined with throws through the chest, sweeps and trips. In fist fighting, grips similar to sambo techniques are used.
M.V. Shatunov talks in detail about the features of Russian fist fighting in the already mentioned book “Russian Fist Fighting”. The fighters do not use gloves or any weapons. During the fight, they can hit the most sensitive parts of the body, as well as the back, back of the head and legs. They use grappling techniques to deliver a stronger blow. There are also technical differences in Russian fist fighting from other fighting schools. For example, block protection is not used. They deftly avoid the enemy's blow or try to make the blow glancing. In Russian fist fighting, wedging of a blow is used, when the enemy's blow is interrupted by an oncoming blow; it is possible to crush the blow, when the enemy is not allowed to perform the intended action. During a strike, the fighter's fist moves from the shoulder, with active movement in the elbow joint. In this case, the principle of wedge-shaped concentration is used. According to M.V. Shatunov, who has been involved in martial arts for many years, there are no clear scenarios in Russian fist fighting. A wide variety of techniques allows you to successfully fight any enemy. The peculiarities of Russian fist fighting include the precise targeting of the blow. Most often, a fighter's fist is directed and reaches the opponent's arms, legs and head. All techniques are performed very quickly, and if necessary, actions can be repeated. The fighters' actions are practiced, and the response to a blow occurs almost automatically. In battle, aggressive emotions are manifested, which each fighter supports and fuels within himself.
Radogora, like many others combat schools(other types of Slavic-Goritsky wrestling, Kadochnikov system), refers to hand-to-hand combat. However, it does not use any weapons. The fight with the enemy is carried out only with “bare hands”.
Taking into account all the distinctive features, it becomes clear why Russian fist fighting is not just a sport or a martial art. It is of great practical importance in hand-to-hand combat with the enemy, especially in case of a surprise attack.
Russian fist fighting technique
Radogora is a system of fist fighting in which each technique is performed in a certain way and has its own purpose. It uses techniques and techniques, both traditional, developed over centuries, and modern, developed by A.K. Belov. There are techniques that allow you to strike your opponent with your hands, head and feet. Experienced Radogora fighters have good control of their body, react quickly and can resist an attacker in almost any situation.
All people are divided into right-handers and left-handers, which is due to the innate characteristics of the central nervous system and education. Therefore, for most people, one hand is the leading one, and the second is less involved in active actions. If two right-handed or left-handed people meet in battle, then it’s easy for them to interact. They will have a good understanding of the enemy's intentions and actions and can use techniques and tactics known to them. It is much more difficult to fight an opponent whose leading hand is different from yours. In this case, all the guidelines change and it is difficult to reorganize, concentrate and resist a strong, unusual opponent. In order to become a universal fighter and win in any fight, M. V. Shatunov, who is the author of the book “Russian Fist Fighting” and has been involved in martial arts for three decades as an athlete and teacher, recommends training both hands at once. All techniques and techniques can be mastered, first, with the leading hand, and then with the other hand. This will simultaneously promote the development of motor areas in both hemispheres of the brain, which will allow you to react faster and more accurately to what is happening during the fight. Although in a critical situation a person most often begins to act in a familiar way, this can be beneficial. For example, if your dominant hand is injured, you can continue the fight with the other. Performing fighting techniques with both hands can be useful in different situations in life.
All fighting techniques in Radogor are divided into 3 groups. These include sweeping strikes performed in a circular motion, wing strikes performed with the elbows and forearms, and straight strikes used in wall combat. Also in Russian fist fighting, head and shoulder strikes are allowed. It uses various defensive techniques, most of which are taken from the practice of wall fighting and twisting techniques (with turns and twisting).
In fist fighting, a blow with the fist (from different sides), as well as with the palm, is traditionally used. In some cases, the blow is made with the palm outstretched thumb(slap) or folded in the shape of a boat (slap). In combat, the placement of the strike is important. To do this, you need to own a brush and be able to quickly clench and relax your fists. A.K. Belov calls these actions wedge-shaped concentration. It is performed according to a certain scheme (Fig. 2).
Figure 2. Stages of wedge-shaped concentration: 1 – relaxed hand; 2 – clenched and tense fist; 3 – weakened fist
At the moment of extending the arm to strike the enemy, the hand should be relaxed. Directing your hand towards the target, you begin to clench your hand and, having reached the enemy, strike with your fist. It is when you strike that your fist must be tense, then your efforts will reach the goal, and the blow will be strong. After this, the hand is relaxed, but the hands are not completely unclenched. In this way, three stages of wedge-shaped concentration are performed.
However, this is not yet enough for the blow to be strong and accurate. It is important to combine the stages of wedge-shaped concentration with the phases of your respiratory cycle (inhalation - exhalation - respiratory pause). When following the striking technique, the fist is compressed and tensed as much as possible when exhaling and relaxes during the breathing pause. At the moment of contact with the enemy’s body, the fist is compressed tightly and after a split second - to the maximum. Next, the fist is withdrawn and at the same time it is relaxed. After compressing the hand to the maximum, it is difficult to immediately relax and unclench it, but this is not necessary. It is enough to loosen your fist a little so that the arm muscles reduce tension, but at the same time remain ready to quickly repeat the blow.
Studying the Radogora technique should begin with racks and the most simple techniques- notching strikes.
A stance is a special position for the successful use of combat techniques. However good fighter can fight from any position. However, it is more convenient and effective to attack the enemy by taking a stance for a moment. It must be taken into account that in a fist fight there is often no time to take a stance, because the enemy is very close and is also attacking. However, if possible, it is better to use combat techniques from a stance. This helps to strike the enemy accurately and with maximum force.
The main stand in Radogor is the key charter (Fig. 3). The legs in this pose are spread out, the center of gravity of the body moves forward slightly so that the heels are ready to lift off the ground at any moment. In this case, one leg is more supportive than the other. The arms are bent at the elbows and placed in front of you, palms forward. My back is a little tense. From this position it is easy to move on to an attack or repel an enemy attack.
Figure 3. Key charter
Another stance used in Russian fist fighting is the retired charter (Fig. 4). It differs in that one leg is put forward and bent in knee joint. The bulk of the body weight is transferred to it. The second leg rests on the toe. Most often, this pose is used as a transitional position when performing various techniques and moving.
Figure 4. Retired Charter
The simplest striking techniques are a slap, a slap, a blaze.
Fist fights were traditional not only in Rus', but also in ancient civilizations - Babylon and Greece. If the battle dragged on, the fighters were forbidden to defend themselves, and they beat each other to the last strength.
The slap is performed with the palm of the hand with the fingers tightly clenched. A blow to the opponent’s face is applied from the bottom up, through the elbow loop, at an angle of 45° (Fig. 5).
Figure 5. Technique for slapping: 1 – abduction of the opponent’s hand; 2 – ulnar loop; 3 – blow-slap
The crack is made with a fist or, as in the previous case, with a palm with tightly clenched fingers. Reception is carried out in several stages. First, the right elbow is abducted and the fist is rotated slightly, while a twist is felt in the muscles of the forearm. Next, the hand moves towards the opponent’s face and a blow is struck. In this case, the principle of wedge-shaped concentration is observed. Immediately after the impact, the hand weakens and moves slightly backward by inertia. However, readiness for the next strike remains. In this case, the repeated blow can be the same or different (Fig. 6).
Figure 6. Technique for performing a crack: 1 – abduction of the elbow and preparation of the fist; 2 – blow with the side surface of the fist
The rash has a different direction of impact. The hand moves in a vertical plane. First, by inertia, the hand is retracted back (Fig. 7), then it is directed forward and upward. When raising the arm in a sweeping manner, the forearm is rotated at the elbow joint along with the hand (Fig. 8) and, quickly forming a fist, they strike the enemy on the forehead or bridge of the nose (Fig. 9).
Figure 7. Inertial abduction of the arm back: 1 – beginning of movement; 2 – full abduction
Figure 8. Swing before impact
Figure 9. Preparing the fist for impact
After delivering a blow, the hand goes down freely, while the shoulder and elbow remain in a fixed state (Fig. 10). In this way, the readiness to continue the battle and strike the next blow to the enemy is maintained (Fig. 11).
Traditionally in Rus', kicks in fist fights were used in extreme cases. This is due to the fact that the most common footwear was boots. A blow from such heavy shoes can easily cripple or kill an enemy, but in traditional Russian battles a different goal was pursued.
Figure 10. Stabilization of the hand after inflammation
Figure 11: Preparing for the next shot
Rasplin can be performed differently - the blow is applied in a diagonal direction, and not from top to bottom (Fig. 12).
Figure 12. Raspalina
The next striking technique is the notch joint. It is performed with a fist or forearm to block an opponent's blow or attack him on the upper tier. This technique is usually combined with another, for example, buzdygan (Fig. 13). When performing techniques, one hand moves away from itself and moves the opponent’s hand to the side (Fig. 14). At this time, the fist of the second hand strikes the enemy (Fig. 15).
Figure 13. Preparation for the notch joint
Figure 14. Notch joint
Figure 15. Buzdygan
The next striking technique is the ground joint. A blow to the enemy is delivered with a fist or forearm, while the entire hand moves strictly horizontally (Fig. 16). The technique is similar to a crack, but is performed in a different plane (Fig. 17).
Figure 16. Position in front of the underground joint
Figure 17. Underground joint
To master the Radogora technique, you must first learn to move. To do this, you can practice performing the combination of key rule - piercing blow - key rule.
Next comes the foot joint. The technique is performed with the other hand, in the direction from the hip. The fist is struck from the bottom up, aiming for the opponent's chin. You can beat off the enemy's attacking hand with this blow. The blow is applied with the side surface of the fist from the side of the thumb (Fig. 18).
Figure 18. Leg joint
Another notching striking technique is the submerged joint. The blow is delivered with a fist, while the hand moves almost vertically - from bottom to top. First, the enemy is pulled towards you (Fig. 19). While performing the technique, they transfer the center of gravity of their body to the knee, which gives the blow greater force (Fig. 20).
Figure 19. Pull the enemy
Figure 20. Submerged joint
Traditional battles in Rus' took place in stages. First, the fist fight took place between children, then between boys and unmarried young men, and only after that did adult men fight.
The fist fighting technique ratovishche includes elements of a blow and a push at the same time. The blow is delivered close to the approaching enemy across the chest with the forearm (Fig. 21). In this case, the active arm is in a half-bent position. This technique allows you to remove the enemy and carry out an attack - strike with the other hand on open parts of the body (Fig. 22).
Figure 21. Ratovische
Figure 22. Ratovishche with attack
In traditional Russian wall-to-wall fist fighting, fighters lined up with their left foot and shoulder forward. This does not seem to be a very stable position, but the fighters stood tightly, partially covering each other, and this allowed them to maintain formation and freely use their right hands.
The next technique is the chopper (min). It is used in close combat. The opponent is struck with the entire surface of the forearm on the head and arms (Fig. 23). This is done with a sweep or less wide amplitude of movement. The impact force is directed from top to bottom diagonally.
Figure 23. Chopper
This same group of techniques includes elbow strikes - chipping. They are easy to do. The difference is a blow to the head. In this case, the chipping is performed by moving the hand from the shoulder with a circular amplitude (Fig. 24).
Figure 24. Chip on the head
From the wing you can apply cutting blows, for example, a crack (Fig. 25). Immediately after this they move on to chopping and finish off the enemy with their elbow (Fig. 26).
Figure 25. Crack from the wing
Figure 26. Chip with two hands
Radogora is based on striking techniques, but wrestling techniques are also used in it. Most often they are auxiliary, but they can also be used as a transition from Russian fist fighting to other martial arts (power wrestling). However, most often after wrestling techniques they switch back to striking. For example, if the enemy made an oblique burn, then it is effective to use a crease (Fig. 27).
Figure 27. Grip against oblique fire
After this, you can apply a submerged joint to it (Fig. 28, 29).
Figure 28. Transition to attack
Figure 29. Submerged joint after crease
Radogora's techniques are very effective if the fight is short or middle distance. In this case, the enemy should be attacked along the upper or middle tier. In other battle conditions, it is better to use techniques from other combat schools.
Further, the techniques and techniques of wall combat, also related to Radogora, are described. The main defensive technique is flickering containment. It can be simple or double. This technique helps to keep the opponent at a distance and prevent him from performing the intended technique (Fig. 30).
Figure 30. Double flicker containment
For defense, the Greco-Roman technique (Fig. 31), cabbage roll (Fig. 32) and targets (double Greco-Roman defense) are also used. The Greco-Roman defense helps to cover the head from the enemy attacking with direct blows. You can cover your chest with your hand when performing this technique (Fig. 33).
Figure 31. Greco-Roman defense
Figure 32. Stuffed cabbage
Figure 33. Greco-Roman defense with chest covering
In wall combat, attacking striking techniques are used. A direct blow to the screed is distinguished by its speed and stunning effect, although it is not the most pronounced in terms of strength. The technique is suitable for wedging blows to the enemy’s head and upper body while simultaneously attacking (Fig. 34,35).
The most powerful blow is the swinging joint. The technique is performed with a wide range of arm movement. The elbow of the active arm is first retracted back so as to press the shoulder blade on the back (Fig. 40). The fist is struck in the center of the opponent's chest in the solar plexus area.
Figure 40. Preparing for the rocking joint
Actively working with the shoulder, the arm is thrown forward, while simultaneously performing a double twist of the fist and torso (Fig. 41)
Figure 41. Rocking joint
The next direct blow of a Russian fistfight is called a trick. The blow is performed with a fist and all the force is put into it (Fig. 42). Move the hand forward, first, with the forearm. This helps to knock down the opponent's hands.
Next, the hand is moved closer to the opponent’s face. All actions are performed quickly and clearly. When delivering a blow, the center of gravity of the body is transferred forward. Too much swing can cause a fall due to inertia, so you need to balance the force of the impact and the amplitude of the movement (Fig. 43).
Figure 42. Position in front of the inflow
Figure 43. Technique for performing the underflow: 1 – preparing the hand for impact; 2 – inflow
Another striking technique is the stretch joint. The hand with the fist moves forward simultaneously with a slight rotation of the upper body (Fig. 44). In this case, the force of movement of the body is transferred by inertia to the fist. During extension and impact, the arm twists outward.
Figure 44. Tensile joint
The stabbing strike resembles the actions of a fencer. This technique is accompanied by a deviation of the upper body and allows you to miss a counter blow along the chest (Fig. 45). During a fist fight, this allows you to reduce force direct blow enemy.
Figure 45. Technique for performing a stabbing blow: 1 – position before the blow; 2 – stabbing blow; 3 – torso deviation and arm abduction
The next technique of Russian fist fighting is very powerful - the kosach (direct blow from the kosach). When performing a technique, the hand moves only horizontally, so the blow falls mainly on the upper part of the opponent’s torso. If the enemy is shorter in height, then you can attack him on the head with a scythe. When performing a technique, the force is transferred from one shoulder to the other and further, as the arm moves forward, onto the fist. In this case, the upper part of the body is rotated, which intensifies the blow (Fig. 46). The kosach is used in combination with other techniques, for example, the combination of flickering restraint - slap - kosach is often performed in battle.
Figure 46. Kosach
The last striking technique in Radogor is the buzdygan. It also has great power, especially when striking an opponent's head. To perform the technique, the “key charter” position is required. First, the arm bent at the elbow is pulled back and up with the elbow. At the same time it is actively working shoulder joint. Next, the arm is sharply pushed forward and at the same time the elbow is turned inward. At the same time, turn the fist so that the thumb is on the bottom (Fig. 47).
