Master of Sports in Army Combat. Primary requirements. Hand-to-hand army combat: rules, techniques, competitions Army hand-to-hand combat of the Russian Federation

Army hand-to-hand combat

"Army hand-to-hand combat" ("ARB") is a universal system for teaching defense and attack techniques, combining many functional elements from the arsenal of world martial arts, tested in real combat activities. A modern and rapidly developing type of martial arts, which has gained popularity for full-contact fights with minimal injuries to athletes.

Story

The date of birth of ARB as a military-applied sport is considered to be 1979, when in the city of Kaunas (Gaijunai village, military unit 42235, or the 242nd Airborne Forces Training Center, on sports base The 7th Guards Airborne Division hosted the first Airborne Forces Championship. Since then, the Airborne Army Championships hand-to-hand combat began to be held annually. Created by experts and enthusiasts physical training and sports of the Airborne Forces, Strategic Missile Forces, other types and branches of the military, ARB was successfully introduced into the training program and became the main component of forms of physical training.

It should be noted that the holding of the first ARB championship became possible thanks to the many years of practice and experiments with various types of martial arts that preceded it. Among the conscript contingent, qualified athletes and prize-winners of competitions in boxing, wrestling, sambo, judo, etc. were carefully selected. The methodical work of fighters and commanders gave impetus to the emergence of a system that is now widely known as “Army hand-to-hand combat.” At that time (early 70s), the actual training of conscripts in hand-to-hand combat was called the “Training Program for Instructors in Sports and Special Airborne Techniques”

The versatility of hand-to-hand combat training, the entertainment of fights, reliable protective equipment and clear refereeing made the new kind sport popular among military personnel. This made it possible to hold the first Armed Forces Championship in Leningrad in 1991, which determined the paths and directions for the development of the ARB. The Military Institute became the educational and methodological base for the development of the ARB physical culture(VIFK). At the Department of Overcoming Obstacles and Hand-to-Hand Combat, future specialists in physical training and sports of the Armed Forces and law enforcement agencies were trained in the basics of ARB. Russian Federation, CIS countries, near and far abroad. In the hand-to-hand combat center, instructors are trained, coaches and judges improve their skills. The research center is engaged in the development and publication of manuals, textbooks and teaching aids on hand-to-hand combat.

In order to popularize and develop ARB, on the initiative of the Sports Committee of the Ministry of Defense (SK MO), the Federation of Army Hand-to-Hand Combat (FARB) was created in 1992 within the framework of the Army Association of Contact Martial Arts (AAKVE). The purposeful work of the FARB together with the IC of the Moscow Region made it possible to include the ARB in the military sports classification for 1993-1996, into the Unified All-Russian Sports Classification for 1997-2000, to develop and publish competition rules in 1995 and to obtain from the State Sports Committee of Russia the right to provide documents for awarding the title “Master of Sports of Russia” and sports categories.
Until 1994, ARB had the status of a military applied sport and was cultivated only in army units. Over time, a wide range techniques from the ARB arsenal, its applied capabilities, highly qualified coaching and teaching staff, a rich calendar of competitions with high level The skills of the participants aroused great interest not only among athletes involved in various martial arts, but also among the younger generation. What allowed short term go from FARB (within the framework of AACVE) to the creation in 1995 of the All-Russian public organization "Federation of Army Hand-to-Hand Combat of Russia" (FARB Russia). The FARB of Russia, registered with the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation, received the right to develop ARBs, independently or through regional branches, in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.

Today, ARB is represented in all federal districts and is successfully developing in more than half of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, law enforcement agencies, sports societies and departments. The Southern, Central, Volga-Ural, and Far Eastern federal districts have achieved particular success in the development of ARB; Rostov, Moscow, Saratov, Ivanovo, Arkhangelsk, Samara, Kostroma, Omsk, Irkutsk regions; Primorsky, Stavropol, Krasnodar regions; Dagestan, Kabardino-Balkaria and Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug; the cities of Moscow and St. Petersburg. More than 500 thousand Russian citizens are actively involved in ARB.

A special place in the ARB is given to visual propaganda. So, back in the 70s, information posters emphasized that military personnel of special forces units have the right to use hand-to-hand combat techniques only during special operations. Under other circumstances, the use of techniques was unlawful and entailed disciplinary and criminal liability. Currently, it has become possible, on a general basis, along with other types of martial arts and martial arts styles, to use military hand-to-hand combat techniques for self-defense and even for training persons not in military service.

Rules for conducting fights and features of the ARB

A distinctive part of sports ARB compared to other full-contact martial arts is the ability to finish off an opponent lying on the tatami with both hands and feet from a standing position. At the same time, finishing off an opponent lying on the tatami must be immediately interrupted by the referee with the command “Stop”, since several kicks to the head, although protected by a special helmet, can lead to serious injuries. Finishing off an opponent with a kick to the head is a knockdown and the fighter who missed such a blow “opens the score.” Sometimes adjustments were made to the finishing rules section - it was necessary to simply indicate finishing, for which additional points were awarded.

General rules

Fights between ARB fighters take place on a square mat (tatami) measuring at least 14×14 meters. The fight takes place inside a square measuring 8×8 m or 10×10 m. The outer tatami area, at least 3 meters wide, serves to ensure the safety of the athletes
- when a fighter leaves the tatami, the fight is stopped with the command “Stop” and the athletes return at the judge’s command “Fighters to the middle” to the center (middle) of the tatami. Moreover, if the execution of a technique (throw) began on the tatami territory (including in the safety zone), and its end occurred outside the square, then such a technique is evaluated and the fight is stopped according to the general rules.
- fighters are divided into age (for fighters under 18 years old and the division into age categories depends on the Regulations on the competition) and weight categories starting from weight up to 60 kg and up to weight over 90 kg in increments of 5 kg. Sometimes, by prior agreement, there may be only two weight categories - up to 75 kg and over 75 kg (only for adults at local tournaments).
- fighters are divided into a fighter with a red and a blue belt, and in some cases - a fighter in a black or white kimono
- the fighter whose last name is listed first in the summary table wears a red belt (black kimono).
- the fighter is entitled to a second who is responsible for the athlete’s equipment during the fight (bandage the helmet, secure pads, protector, belt the kimono, etc.), since the fighter is not able to independently solve these problems in the time allotted for adjusting the equipment. During the fight, the second is located on a chair behind the fighter’s place. In this case, the second during the fight is prohibited from giving the fighter any commands or advice. For talking with a second, the fighter may be given a reprimand, and if he violates it again, a warning may be given.
- the following equipment is used at competitions: kimono (tobok, dogi), foot wrestling shoes with heel and instep protection, shin pads, groin shell, protective vest (protector), glove gloves, knee protection, forearm and elbow protection, a helmet with a metal grill (the metal bars of the grill must be fastened together exclusively by argon welding, otherwise the athlete risks serious injury). Foam pads are installed inside the helmet so that the edges of the grille are strong blows did not injure the face. Protective clothing (except for gloves, vest and helmet) is worn under the kimono.
- the fight consists of one round and lasts: for teenagers, youths and juniors - 2 minutes of pure time, for men (and all final fights) - 3 minutes of pure time. For girls, girls and women, the duration of fights may be reduced at a pre-tournament meeting of team representatives.
- technical actions such as punches, kicks, throws and painful techniques. Strikes and wrestling on the ground are not evaluated, but are secretly taken into account in case of equality of points (like activity in Sambo).
- Prohibited techniques include: striking the eyes with fingers; performing chokeholds and painful holds on the neck, spine, hand, foot; jumping with legs and stomping blows on a prone opponent; blows to the groin, neck, joints of the legs and arms, back of the head and spine; painful holds in a standing position; grabbing the helmet or helmet grille.
- victory is awarded to:
- by points (by decision of the side judges);
- for a clear advantage (when the enemy ceases to resist the attack or during the attack turns his back to the enemy);
- due to the opponent’s refusal to continue the fight (injury not related to the opponent’s violation of the rules, fatigue, etc.);
- failure of the opponent to show up for the fight;
- submission of the opponent as a result of a painful hold;
- with two knockdowns of one fighter during one fight (in order to avoid unnecessary injuries);/
- when the opponent is disqualified (three warnings, unsportsmanlike behavior, in exceptional cases - striking the opponent with prohibited blows, after which he cannot continue the fight).

Technical Action Assessments

* 1 point - kick to the leg, punch to the body, fall (throw without lifting both legs off the mat).
* 2 points - a kick to the body, a punch to the head, a throw with both legs lifted off the mat.
* 3 points - kick to the head, knockdown, sharp amplitude throw.
* Clear victory - knockout, two knockdowns, painful hold, refusal, failure to appear or disqualification of the opponent.
Start of the fight
Fighters are required to arrive on the tatami within one minute from the moment their name is announced. Before the start of the fight, fighters must be equipped in advance and go to the edge of the tatami for inspection by the judge. The judge is obliged to inspect the fighter’s equipment, namely the presence of a helmet, protector, shell, foot and shin pads, gloves. After being examined by the judge, the fighter moves outside the square and waits for the judge’s voice command “Fighters to the middle.” After the appropriate command, the Fighter stands on the place designated in the center of the tatami and, guided by the instructions of the judge, makes a greeting (in the form of a bow) to the spectators, the chief judge and the opponent. After which the fighter is guided by the instructions of the judge and the rules of the EPIRB. If the Fighter does not have at least one element of equipment, he is not allowed to participate in the fight. The fighter is given no more than three minutes to bring the equipment into compliance, otherwise the fighter is given a technical defeat.
Voice referee commands
* "Fighters to the middle!" - inviting fighters to start the fight, or to resume the fight after the “Stop” command.
* "For battle!" - command about readiness to start (resume) the fight.
* "The battle!" - a command (which may be accompanied by an appropriate gesture) allowing the start (resumption) of the fight.
* "Stop!" - the team stopping the fight.
* "Stop! Get up!" - a similar command (which may be accompanied by patting the fighters with their hands), provided that the fighters are in the ground position."
* "Stop! Time!" - a team ending the fight due to the expiration of time for the fight.
Rank and rank
The ARB uses general sports categories and titles, starting from the youth level and ending with the title “Master of Sports of Russia of International Class”.
To obtain the sports title Master of Sports of Russia of international class
need to take:
* 1st place at the international Memorial tournament dedicated to the Hero Soviet Union General of the Army V.F. Margelov, subject to three fights and participation in competitions of 10 foreign countries, and in the weight category of athletes at least 6 foreign countries, 2 masters of sports and 6 athletes not lower than CCM;
* 1-4 place at the World Championship or 1-3 place at the European Championship, subject to three fights and participation in competitions of at least 10 foreign countries;
* 1-2 place at the World Junior Championship or 1 place at the European Junior Championship, subject to three fights and participation in competitions of at least 10 foreign countries;
To receive the sports title Master of Sports of Russia, you must complete:
* 1-4 place at the Russian Championship (Cup), subject to three fights and the participation in the weight category of at least two masters of sports and 6 athletes not lower than CCM;
* 1-3 place in the championship (cup) of the ministry (department), subject to three fights and the participation in the weight category of at least two masters of sports and 6 athletes not lower than the Master of Masters;
* 2-3 place at the international Memorial tournament dedicated to the Hero of the Soviet Union, General of the Army V. F. Margelov, subject to three fights and participation in the weight category of at least two masters of sports and 6 athletes not lower than CCM;
* 1st place at the championships of the federal district (military district, branches of the Armed Forces (arms) of the RF Armed Forces), subject to three fights and participation in the weight category of at least two masters of sports and 6 athletes not lower than the CCM;
* 1 place per All-Russian tournaments included in the Federation calendar plan (Regulations on All-Russian competitions for a year), subject to three fights and participation in the weight category of at least two masters of sports and 6 athletes not lower than CCM;
* 1-3 place at the Russian Junior Championships, subject to three fights and participation in the weight category of at least two masters of sports and 6 athletes of at least CCM;
* 1st place at the Russian Championship among senior youths, subject to three fights and participation in the weight category of at least 10 athletes not lower than CCM;
* 1-2 place at the championship of Russian universities, the Russian Youth Spartakiad), subject to three fights and participation in the weight category of at least two masters of sports and 6 athletes not lower than the CCM;
* 1st place at the federal district championship among juniors, at least two masters of sports and 6 athletes at least CCM;
To receive the sports title Candidate Master of Sports of Russia, you must complete:
* 1-3 place at the championship of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation;
* 1st place in regional (republican, regional competitions) competitions among adults and juniors;
* 1st place at university championships;
* 2-4 place at championships (junior championships) of federal districts (military district championships);
* 1st place in the championship of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation among juniors;
* 2-4 place at the Russian Championship among senior youths;
* 1st place at the federal district championship among senior boys;
* 1-3 place at the Russian Championship among middle-aged youths;
* 1st place at the All-Russian tournament among middle-aged youths;
* 1-3 place at the All-Russian tournament among senior boys;
* 4-6 place at the Russian Championship (Cup) (ministries and departments); international Memorial tournament dedicated to the Hero of the Soviet Union, Army General V. F. Margelov;
* 2-4 place in all-Russian tournaments;
* 1st place at the championship of the Military Institute of Physical Culture, Ryazan Institute airborne troops, subject to three fights and participation in the weight category of 5 athletes of at least 1 category.
In addition, there are inherent conditions for fulfillment bit requirements:
* The panel of judges for competitions where the title “Master of Sports of Russia” is awarded must contain at least three judges of at least the republican (all-Russian) category.
* To confirm a rank, you must win 3 victories over athletes of your rank or 6 victories over athletes of a lower rank during the year.
* To fulfill requirements sports titles or categories where the number of battles is not specified, at least three battles must be fought.
Interesting Facts
* To perform according to the ARB rules, the athlete must have well-trained neck muscles, since during the fight his head is wearing a special helmet, which, when hit, tends to “fly away” along with his head.
* A fighter’s hands must be bandaged with boxing bandages, since gloves (gaiters) do not have sufficient strength to protect the bones from contact with a metal mask.
* The helmet must be individual for each fighter. It must be adjusted to the structure of the head in order to avoid the “dangling” effect during impacts.
*Currently, helmets with Velcro fastenings are used. However, such helmets do not provide the proper head circumference, and in the case of a “common helmet for the whole team,” it can move during a strike, blocking the fighter’s view. Helmets with a rope base allow the helmet to be tightened “to fit”, which does not lead to the helmet “dangling” during impacts.
* The grille of the mask should not fit or in any way come into contact with the fighter’s face. During fights, there were cases when, with an accentuated blow to the helmet, the grille literally cut the skin and the fighter began to bleed profusely, which urgently required surgical intervention. When analyzing the situation that has arisen panel of judges it was established that the helmet and grille were made in a makeshift manner without complying with the safety requirements of the fighter.
* Both fighters may be disqualified in the event of simultaneous infliction of prohibited blows on each other, resulting in the inability of either fighter to continue the fight. In this case, victory in the duel is not awarded to anyone (both fighters are given a technical defeat).
* In ARB there are techniques that are characteristic only for this type of martial arts (due to their ban in other contact martial arts):
* “Frog” - performed in the ground position, when the Attacking fighter is on top, and the Attacked fighter is below and tries to defend himself by grabbing the Attacker by the neck. The attacker grabs the opponent's torso with his hips and knees so that he can rise on his feet. There is an option when the Attacked, defending himself from a possible attack with his hands, clasps the Attacker’s torso with his legs, pressing him to himself (in this case, the implementation of the technical action “Frog” is simplified, since the Attacker’s legs are relatively free). In the next second, the Attacker rises on his hands and pushes himself with his legs. As a result, the fighters find themselves in the air for a moment (how high depends only on the strength of the Attacker and the weight of the Attacked), and the next second they fall to the tatami. At the same time, the Attacked fighter experiences “indescribable” pain, since the Attacking fighter actually falls on him with the entire weight of his body, dressed in sports protection. Such a technique can lead to the opponent losing his breath and the inevitable
knockout if the Attacked does not take countermeasures in time (in this case, only a sharp exhalation).
* Headbutt - performed both in the “stand” and in the “ground” position. Due to the presence of a metal grille on the helmet, it is not difficult for a fighter, using this element of ammunition, to headbutt his opponent both in the head and in other parts of the body. This technique is especially successful at the moment when the attacking fighter in a standing position grabs the attacked opponent by the lapels of the kimono and delivers an amplitude nodding head blow, pulling the opponent into the Attacked person’s helmet. Unfortunately, such a blow cannot be judged, but it seriously demoralizes the enemy and puts him into a state of prostration or a slight knockdown. On the ground, it is most convenient and effective to deliver such a blow in the “on the Attacked” position, when the enemy actively resists and by his actions binds the Attacker, not giving him the opportunity to carry out other technical actions. A headbutt can be a kind of prelude to a technical action such as the “Frog”.
* The ARB is dominated by fighters who are proficient in wrestling techniques (“wrestlers”). Thus, fighters are “shockers” (who base the battle scheme primarily on percussion technique), those who have poor or no knowledge of wrestling techniques (people from Karate, Kickboxing, Boxing, Taekwondo, etc.), as a rule, can resist the “wrestler” only from a long distance from him, delivering single blows counting on a set points or a knockdown, since when approaching a medium or close distance (for example, the beginning of a series of blows), the “wrestlers” immediately try to make a comfortable grab, make an effective throw and transfer the fight to the “ground”, where they successfully deal with the opponent by applying a painful hold . The striking technique of the “wrestlers,” as a rule, is also at a decent level, which allows them to be “universalists” and quickly adapt to the changing battle pattern (now make a throw, and now deliver an accurate blow). In this regard, ARB fighters with the rank of Master of Masters and above are excellent “fighters” and “strikers.”
* According to the rules of the ARB, it is allowed to finish off a lying enemy with both legs and hands, both in the head and in other parts of the body (of course, in compliance with general rules EPIRB). Refusal to finish off an opponent can be regarded as evasion from combat and the “good-natured” fighter can be given an appropriate remark (warning) and entered into the competition protocol. In practice, few fighters refuse the opportunity to finish off an opponent lying on the floor. This is primarily due not to the cruelty of the ARB, but to the fact that finishing off an opponent in the head is automatically counted as a knockdown, and therefore 3 points for a knockdown are immediately added to the attacking fighter's 3 points for a kick to the head, and in the case of a second knockdown - to the attacking fighter the fighter is credited with a “clean victory”.
* Representatives of Judo, Sambo and other types of “pure” wrestling, performing according to the rules of the ARB without proper preliminary preparation ( open tournaments), when they get into the “parterre” position, they can instinctively roll over onto their stomach, trying to avoid getting caught in a “hold” or trying to avoid losing due to being “fallen on their shoulder blades.” If such a fighter does not return to the “on his back” position in time, or does not take a stance, then he risks being finished off both in the head and in other parts of the body, since the fighter, being “on his stomach”, is not able to see environment and adequately defend yourself. But this is the exception rather than the rule.

Master of Sports in hand-to-hand combat is an honorary title that every man dreams of receiving. To achieve your cherished goal you need to put in a lot of effort. The applicant must have high professional training, technical skills, and excellent physical shape.

Master of Sports in military hand-to-hand combat (international class) is awarded for:

  • Getting 1-5 places on olympic games in the discipline "Hand-to-Hand Combat".
  • Getting 1-3 places at the World Championships.
  • Receiving 1-3 place in the discipline “Army hand-to-hand combat” at the European Cup.
  • Getting 1-2 places in the Military World Games.
  • Receiving 1st place at the European Championship in the discipline “Army Hand-to-Hand Combat” among juniors.
  • Receiving 1st place in the ARB tournament established by EABA and AIBI.

It is quite difficult to fulfill these requirements. The most experienced and motivated athletes will be able to receive an international-class “master.” This is preceded by grueling training in hand-to-hand martial arts, numerous competitions at the regional and federal levels.

You can obtain a “master” in ARB (Russia) if the following conditions are met:

  • Taking 1-2 places at the Russian Cup in hand-to-hand competitions.
  • Taking 1st place at the Ministry of Internal Affairs Championship.
  • Taking 1-2 places at the Russian Winter Championship.
  • Taking 1-2 places at regional competitions in the discipline “Hand-to-Hand Combat”, held in St. Petersburg or Moscow.
  • Twice take 1st place in the Hand-to-Hand Combat discipline at the junior tournament.

To receive the CMS under the ARB, the following conditions must be met:

  • Get 1st place at the regional or republican championship.
  • Get 1st place in territorial competitions.
  • Get 1st place in FSO competitions.
  • Receive 1st place in the Russian competition among youths.

How to fulfill all the listed requirements and receive a CMS? There is only one answer - hard training and love for sports.

Categories and their awarding

How to get ranks? A question that worries many athletes. To become the owner:

  • I category - you must take first place at the championship of the republic, region or region;
  • 2nd - win 10 fights in a year against 3rd category opponents;
  • III - win 5 fights in a year against any participants in sports competitions.

It is important to remember that titles and awards are not given just like that. This is the result of long and painstaking work.

Hand-to-hand army battle- this is nothing more than a universal system of skills for applying attack and defense techniques in practice, incorporating all the best from the arsenal of the most famous martial arts in the world. Thanks to his entertainment, he managed to win a huge number of fans not only in our country, but also abroad.

Origin

It is believed that hand-to-hand military combat appeared in the Soviet Union in 1979, when the first championship involving airborne troops was held at the sports base assigned to the 7th Guards Airborne Division, located in Kaunas, Lithuania. This was the product of many years of cooperation between specialists in the field of sports and physical training of both airborne and other branches of the military.

A huge amount of work was done in this direction: from among the conscripts, discharge athletes and prize-winners of competitions in sambo, judo, wrestling, boxing, etc. were carefully selected. In the end, the joint efforts of fighters and commanders gave an excellent result - the birth of new system, which is now commonly known as military hand-to-hand combat.

Techniques borrowed from various techniques, represent a harmonious combination of wrestling skills with arms and head. By the way, in the 1970s they already began to conduct similar training for conscript soldiers called up for army service in the Airborne Forces, but it did not go beyond the scope of special physical training. Moreover, any use of hand-to-hand combat techniques for non-official purposes was unlawful and entailed, at best, disciplinary, and at worst, criminal liability. The servicemen were constantly reminded of this by posters posted in airborne units. At that time, hand-to-hand army combat could only be used during special operations.

Coming out of the shadows

As mentioned above, in the USSR until the end of the 80s of the last century there was a ban on the teaching and use of karate and other martial arts. After its removal, there was a rapid commercialization of this sports field. In this regard, numerous schools, clubs, sections began to appear one after another, where they taught mainly martial arts eastern orientation.

Until 1994, hand-to-hand combat skills were considered one of the types of military applied sports. It was cultivated exclusively in military units. Gradually, the widest range of technical techniques and application capabilities, as well as highest qualifications coaching staff and a fairly tight schedule of competitions began to arouse increased interest both from athletes who possess the skills various types martial arts, and the younger generation.

Given this interest of a huge number of people, it became possible already in 1995 to create a Russian public organization called the Federation of Army Hand-to-Hand Combat (FABR), which is officially registered with the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation. Thus, she received permission to develop this type of martial arts, as well as the right to use its techniques for the purpose of self-defense and training of people not associated with military service.

Further development

The extreme entertainment of the fights, the universal training of fighters, the reliability of protective equipment, as well as clear refereeing have greatly contributed to its popularity among military personnel. Thanks to this, it became possible in 1991 in Leningrad to hold the first army championship in hand-to-hand combat, which determined the path for its further development.

Initially, its educational and methodological base was determined to be the Military Institute of Physical Culture. A new department of hand-to-hand combat was opened here, where classes were held to train future specialists in sports and physical training both for the army of the Russian Federation and for various law enforcement agencies. The Institute trains instructors, judges and coaches, and is also engaged in the formation and development of various teaching aids and textbooks on hand-to-hand combat.

Protective equipment: helmet

As you know, this sport is one of the toughest and most effective categories of martial arts. That is why competitions in army hand-to-hand combat require certain protective equipment that every athlete participating in the tournament must be equipped with.

First of all, the performing fighter must have well-trained neck muscles, since during fights his head is dressed in a special helmet, which has certain requirements. One of the main conditions is that the protective grille must not lie against or otherwise come into contact with the athlete’s face. The fact is that several cases were recorded when, during an accentuated blow directly on the helmet, it literally cut the fighter’s skin, causing profuse bleeding, which could only be stopped with urgent surgical intervention.

When analyzing such incidents, they usually came to the same conclusion: the protective grilles were made without observing any safety requirements and, moreover, in a makeshift manner. To prevent such injuries, the grille bars must be fastened together exclusively using argon welding.

The next requirement is that each athlete must have an individual helmet for military hand-to-hand combat. This means that it is adjusted to the structure of the fighter’s head in order to avoid the so-called dangling effect at the moment of impact. To do this, special foam pads are installed inside the helmet.

Other equipment

Considering the harshness of the fights, not only the athlete’s head, but also some other parts of the body also need protection. To prevent serious injuries legs, use special pads for the shins and knees, and wrestling feet - for raising the feet and heels. Protection is also used for elbows and forearms.

The hands must be bandaged with boxing bandages, since the gloves themselves cannot guarantee the safety of the hand bones in contact with a metal helmet. In addition, the fighter's equipment includes a protective vest, called a protector, and a groin shell. All of the above uniforms, except for the metal helmet and gloves, are worn under the kimono.

Basic rules of army hand-to-hand combat

● All fighters are necessarily divided into under 18 years of age, and then - depending on the Regulations on the competition. There is also a division according to weight categories: athletes up to 60 kg and over 90 kg in increments of 5 kg. But it happens that at local tournaments for adults, only two are agreed upon in advance - up to and over 75 kg.

● Fights between athletes are held on a tatami (square carpet) measuring at least 14x14 m. In this case, the fight itself takes place inside the above designated space. Its size is either 8x8 or 10x10 m, and the remaining outer zone, at least 3 m wide, ensures the safety of the fighters.

● The fight takes place in one round and lasts differently: for boys and young men - 2 minutes each. pure time, and for men - 3 minutes. As for girls, as well as girls and women, the duration of matches can be reduced based on the results of the pre-tournament meeting and by mutual agreement of representatives of their teams.

● Each athlete is assigned a second who is responsible for his equipment during the fights. For example, his responsibilities include securing special protective pads and a protector, as well as belting a kimono, bandaging a helmet, and similar actions that the fighter himself is not able to perform in the time allotted for this purpose. When a fight takes place, the second sits on a chair located behind the competitor’s place. However, he cannot communicate with the fighter, giving him advice or any commands. For such a violation, the athlete is first given a reprimand, and for repeated failure to comply with this requirement - a warning.

Start of the battle

Athletes are required to appear on the tatami within 1 minute from the moment their names were announced. Immediately before the start of the fight, the correct equipment of the competitors is checked, for which they stand on the edge of the mat for inspection by the judge. He is obliged to carefully check the presence of all necessary protective equipment on each of the athletes: the presence of protectors, helmets, gloves, shells, as well as shin and foot pads.

After the inspection is completed, the opponents go outside the tatami, where they await the command “Fighters to the middle.” When it has sounded, the athletes go to the center and stand in specially designated places, after which they bow to the spectators, the judge and their opponent. And finally, after the appropriate command, the fight itself begins.

Fight Evaluation: Tournament

Military hand-to-hand combat, however, like other sports, has its own criteria by which the result of fights is determined. The following technical actions are counted: attacks with legs and arms, painful holds and throws. Only wrestling on the ground and head strikes are not taken into account.

Marks for technical actions performed:

● 1 point - punches to the body and kicks to the leg, as well as a fall, i.e. a throw made without lifting the opponent’s body from the mat;

● 2 points - kicks to the body and a hand to the head, a throw with a complete separation of the opponent’s body from the tatami;

● 3 points - kicks to the head, knockdown and fast amplitude throw;

● a clear victory is a knockout or 2 knockdowns, a successful painful hold, disqualification, failure to appear or refusal of the opponent.

Victory in a duel

It may be awarded:

● for a clear advantage, i.e. when one of the athletes stops resisting or turns his back to his opponent;

● by points, according to the decision of the side judges;

● due to the disagreement of one of the opponents to continue the fight - the reason for such behavior may be fatigue, injury, etc.;

● submission of an opponent against whom a painful hold was applied;

● failure of one of the athletes to attend the match;

● if two knockdowns of one of the opponents occur during the fight (the fight is stopped in order to avoid unwanted injuries);

● knockout;

● when one of the athletes is disqualified. Its reason may be receiving three warnings, and in special cases - inflicting prohibited blows on your opponent, after which he is physically unable to continue the fight.

Prohibited tricks

Hand-to-hand military combat has restrictions on the use of certain strikes and other technical actions, such as:

● chokeholds and painful holds on the neck, hand and spine;

● stomping punches and jumping kicks at a fallen opponent;

● painful holds performed in a standing position;

● blows to the neck and groin, to the joints of the arms and legs, the spine and the back of the head, as well as inner side hips;

● a grip made by the helmet or its grille.

Sections for the younger generation

As for adult athletes, army hand-to-hand combat for children is taught by experienced professional trainers not only in Moscow, but also in many large cities of Russia. The sections provide classes in self-defense, personal safety, Special attention is given to psychological preparation. In addition, children are taught basic methods of both defense and attack, which include wrestling techniques, kicks and punches, and submission techniques.

Reading this article, some may be indignant: why teach children such a tough type of martial arts as military hand-to-hand combat? The section in which the child will study will help him find true friends, gain self-confidence, not be afraid of conflicts with bullies, and act effectively, winning in almost any extreme situation.

Degree of popularity

Now in the country more than 500 thousand citizens actively practice army hand-to-hand combat. Russia ranks first in the number of prize-winners in this sport. Due to the fact that FABR is officially registered with the Ministry of Justice, it has received the legal right to independent development, as well as the spread of this type of martial arts in the regions of the Russian Federation. Therefore, it is successfully developing both in various sports societies and in law enforcement agencies.

Hand-to-hand army combat can be used in certain cases, when to use firearms no possibility. If there is a threat to life or the possibility of being captured, then it is allowed to use any other available means, such as a knife or stick.

As a rule, representatives of security forces have hand-to-hand combat skills; in any other case, the use of this combat in street brawls can lead to the death of the attacker. Most often, this type of combat must be used during capture operations, when speed and noiselessness are important.

What is the essence of army hand-to-hand combat?

Hand-to-hand army combat is currently equated to a real art. For the first time this championship type of struggle took place in 1979, this is how the permanent competition in this sport began. In order to truly prepare professional fighters for law enforcement agencies, over time, hand-to-hand combat was included in the mandatory military training program. During such training, each fighter receives a unique opportunity to master different martial arts techniques, such as boxing, judo, sambo, which together gave rise to a completely new art of combat.

How to fight correctly

Any section of army hand-to-hand combat distinguishes three main phases of its conduct:

  1. The first phase is called rapprochement. In this case, the opponent may throw an object and take a defensive position, after which blows may follow. With the correct vision of this phase, there is a chance of winning with one precise blow to your opponent.
  2. If the approaching phase does not bring the expected results, then the knocking down or falling to the ground phase begins. In this case, the main thing is to take a dominant position over the enemy.
  3. The third phase can occur only after the second, when the enemy is defeated and needs to be finished off. During the finishing phase, the soldier can use any painful technique.

Fighting techniques

Army hand-to-hand combat competitions are held every year, and their main task is not only to show your skills, but also to prove your ability not to violate some basic principles:

Advantages of hand-to-hand army combat and the first championship

A small section of military hand-to-hand combat has grown to enormous proportions. Today, such competitions have been held every year since 1991 and are called the Army Hand-to-Hand Combat Championship.

An attractive feature of this fight is that the technique is not too complicated, and athletes can receive only minor injuries. The competitor can use techniques from other types of martial arts. For example, it is allowed to finish off an opponent with legs and arms. Naturally, at competitions a judge monitors the implementation of all rules.

Today there is a Federation of Army Hand-to-Hand Combat, which controls all competitions and championships in this type of martial arts. Nowadays, army combat is not only studied in special military units of law enforcement agencies, but is also a military-applied sport.

General rules

Competitions between fighters must take place on a special tatami, beyond the boundaries of which they are prohibited from going. All types of techniques are monitored by a judge and a special panel, which evaluates the fighting technique with points. Opponents are selected by weight and age categories. There are special rules for army hand-to-hand combat, which are worth getting acquainted with in more detail:

  1. Fighters who enter the mat are identified by red and blue belts.
  2. Each fighter puts on special ammunition. This may include the following equipment: wrestling shoes, shin pads, groin shell, protector, leggings, helmet with special metal protection.
  3. The fight is divided into rounds.
  4. The judges evaluate the correctness of the techniques used, with particular preference given to kicks and punches, and various types of painful techniques.
  5. It is forbidden to press on the eyes with your fingers, choke, or jump with your feet on a prone opponent.

Hand-to-hand military combat is conducted according to these rules, and if they are violated, then both fighters may be disqualified. In this case, victory is not awarded to anyone. These rules apply strictly even if one of the opponents uses a prohibited technique. In this case, his opponent can win. Army combat also involves the use of techniques that are characteristic of this type of martial arts.

Hand-to-hand army combat is not limited to men. Teenagers and even women can easily become participants in such an action. Required condition is good preparation. Attention is drawn to how well the fighter’s neck muscles are trained. This is important so that if he is hit on the head, he does not receive injuries incompatible with life, and such a possibility exists, even though the head is protected by a helmet during competitions. Competitions in hand-to-hand army combat can also take place outside of a team.

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