All types of swimming pools for summer cottages. Types and types of swimming pools for summer cottages. What is the difference between flat and inflatable pool bottoms?

In most of our country, summer is short and rarely indulges in long warmth. The reservoirs warm up slowly, only impatient young people and seasoned walruses are ready to swim in them. And in the south, any lake or river in the heat becomes a place of pilgrimage; on the shore and in the waves there is a real crowd of people. And then the desire to have your own pool forces you to once again weigh your options and find out what types of pools there are.

Believe me, all the costs and efforts will quickly pay off. After all, by the pool you can relax, have fun and have a relaxed time with friends or family. But before stocking up on materials, let’s consider all the design features various types artificial reservoirs.

By the pool you can relax, have fun and have a relaxed time with friends or family

Before carefully studying what types of pools there are, carefully consider the answers to the following questions:

1. What will be the age of the proposed bathers? One large pool is not always convenient; often it is more practical to have two, giving the smaller one for the undivided use of the children.
2. Is there a place on the site that is level and sheltered from prying eyes?

It should be remembered that inflatable models are fragile; dog claws can easily tear the side

1. Will pets have access to the pool? After all, inflatable models are fragile; dogs’ claws can easily tear the side.
2. Does your household choose an outdoor or indoor pool? How often will the pool be used?
3. Is there enough water available? Don't forget that a large pool will have to be emptied and filled several times a season to be able to fully clean it.
4. How much can you allocate for the construction (including the cost of the pool itself, its installation and maintenance in the future).

Classification of home pools

Pools are divided according to several criteria. In order not to make a mistake with the choice, it is necessary to choose a structure that will meet all the criteria for each classification. Only then will the pleasure of owning a swimming pool be complete. Let's look at what types of swimming pools there are for home according to these characteristics.

Some owners of summer cottages prefer to use a greenhouse to create a winter pool

Firstly, they are divided into:

• summer (usually separately located or attached);
• winter;
• combined (usually covered).

Winter and combined ones are good because they extend the swimming season or even make it year-round. If your house is spacious and it is possible to arrange a pond in the basement or on the ground floor, you can enjoy swimming all year round.

This is a very practical option: such a pool is less dirty and will have to be cleaned less often, and the issue of water drainage is easier to resolve. Such a pool is designed simultaneously with the house itself, since it is unsafe to change the design of the finished building. But if the idea of ​​having a pool came later, then there is a solution: an extension is built to the main building, or the pool is built separately.

Combination pools allow you to swim all year round

When the summer is longer and hotter, swimming in an outdoor pool is much more pleasant. More often than not, it is the open option that we remember when we find out what types of swimming pools there are for children. The combination of fresh air, water and sun has an amazing invigorating and healing effect. But you will have to clean it often - from falling leaves, dust, insects. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a canopy over the pool and a protective film that will cover the bowl after swimming.

Combined pools allow you to swim all year round. To do this, dome or tent sliding structures are created above the bowl, and the pool itself is equipped with a heating system.

Secondly, the pools are divided according to design features. They are:

• buried;
• raised;
• semi-recessed.

Large pools for country mansions most often turn out to be in-ground. They are strong and durable. Raised pools are less common. These are, as a rule, prefabricated or cast bowls on a foundation. If owners prefer to use a ready-made cast mold with a side height of up to one and a half meters, they are better off choosing a semi-recessed design. A semi-buried type of reservoir also requires a massive concrete base.

Large swimming pools for country mansions are most often buried.

Thirdly, there are overflow or skimmer pools (based on the type of water purification). To find out what types of pools there are based on this factor, you will have to study existing filtration and cleaning systems. Skimmer tanks have a wall-mounted cleaner (screamer), which pumps out the most contaminated layers of water - approximately 2/3 of the surface. The lower third is cleaned by bottom drains. The water level in such a bowl will be 20 cm below the side.

Skimmer tanks have a wall-mounted cleaner (screamer), which pumps out the most contaminated layers of water - approximately 2/3 of the surface

Overflow pools are cleaned through lattice gutters, which are located along the entire diameter of the bowl at the top, so the water reaches the edge of the edge. From them, contaminated water flows into the filtration tank. Such a system is significantly more expensive, but such artificial reservoirs look very stylish and respectable.

Skimmer system

Types of the pools themselves

In addition to the classification described above, pools are divided into:

• stationary;
• frame;
• inflatable.

If the location for the pool, the desired season of operation and the type of cleaning have been determined, all that remains is to clarify what types of pools for summer cottages there are according to the type of their installation.

Are you planning to build a large reservoir that will last for many years? Then you should choose stationary pools. A foundation pit is prepared for them, a solid foundation is arranged, in which a bowl is fixed (ready-made or created using concrete). After this, communications are brought in and connected and finishing begins.

Pool diagram and its working elements

We will especially consider the question of what material the finished pool bowls are made from. This is usually fiberglass or propylene. Such bowls are sealed and durable, they have a long service life. They are very easy to install and easy to decorate. Stainless steel bowls are less common and cost much more.

But the dimensions of the finished bowls are strictly fixed. If you want to go beyond these dimensions, you will have to work hard on the concrete bowl. But, if done according to all the rules, such a bowl will last a very long time, and the pool itself will look solid.

If such large-scale and expensive constructions do not fit into your immediate plans, consider the option of frame pools. Many companies produce them, offering ready-made kits consisting of a frame and a waterproof coating. Look at the photo to see what types of pools there are in terms of size and cleaning systems. You can easily see that you can happily spend time in them with the whole family or a large friendly company, since frame pools can be quite “royal” in size. Such structures are usually erected for the season, removed for the winter.

If you build a dome over such a premium class pool and organize the supply of warm water, the pool will serve all year round

However, if you build a dome over such a premium pool and organize the supply of warm water, the pool will serve all year round. They can be mounted anywhere. Required condition is the presence of a prepared level area. Typically, the kits already include a filtration system, an awning to protect the pool, a ladder for getting into the water, a cover for the base and instructions.

The price for inflatable models is the most affordable, so even their fragility does not interfere with their popularity

The cheapest, but, alas, the most short-lived, are inflatable pools. Their advantage lies in the extreme ease of installation and a wide range of shapes, colors and heights of sides. The smallest inflatable pools are popular among parents of children. They can be easily placed and moved to a convenient place, little water is required and they quickly warm up in the sun, giving kids a lot of fun. Large models are equipped with pumps (electric or manual) and filters for cleaning. The price for inflatable models is the most affordable, so even their fragility does not interfere with their popularity.

In your own swimming pool it is especially pleasant to get a boost of morning energy and Have a good mood, relax and rejuvenate after an eventful day, or simply cool off in the summer heat. There is a truly impressive range of types of swimming pools for home and garden. The choice of the appropriate option depends on the preferences of the future owners, the specific layout of the premises or the garden landscape.

Classification of country home pools

In order to make a good choice, you need to decide on the location of the future swimming pond and the method of its construction. It is also important to understand what types of pools are available for cottages and homes.

Winter and summer ponds

Depending on the location of installation and seasonal purpose, the following types of pools are distinguished:

• winter;
• summer;
• covered (combined).

You can enjoy swimming, regardless of the time of year and weather forecasts, by having a year-round pool installed on the lower floor of the house or in the semi-basement. Among the undoubted advantages of a home indoor pond: no need for frequent water purification, energy savings and easy maintenance.

It is advisable to provide for its design when designing a building - interfering with the structure of an existing house is unsafe for its stability and strength. Successful options for swimming pools for a home or winter cottage are the construction of an extension to the building or the construction of a separate room on the site.

IN summer days It’s much more pleasant to swim in well-equipped swimming pools. fresh air outdoor swimming pools. However, they need more careful care and protection from pollution - street dust, insects and falling tree leaves.

A canopy will help to significantly facilitate cleaning and protect water from direct sunlight that reduces its quality. For the same purpose, it is convenient to cover the surface of the reservoir after swimming with a special roller shutter or solar film.

You can continue to use your garden pool even in the cooler months if you arrange it in a sliding pavilion equipped with a heating system. A spectacular dome, tent or arch made of transparent polycarbonate will not only insulate the pond, but also decorate the garden area.

Recessed and surface structures

According to the method of construction, pools are:

• buried;
• raised;
• semi-recessed.

Creating buried concrete pits to install a bowl at ground level is the most common method for creating large-volume country pools. Its advantages: reliability, strength and durability of the structure.

Raised or semi-buried pool options are installed on a surface or partially sunk concrete foundation. Their construction is advisable when using a ready-made cast bowl or a prefabricated structure, if the height of the wall of the reservoir does not exceed 1.5 m.

Skimmer and overflow cleaning systems

Based on their design features, there are different types of pools:

• skimmer;
• overflow.

Their difference is in the water circulation and purification systems and design. In skimmer tanks, the water level is 10-20 cm below the edge. The most contaminated top third of the water is removed with a wall skimmer. The lower layers are filtered using bottom drains.

In overflow systems, the level of the water surface coincides with the side or floor. Water purification occurs using lattice gutters located around the perimeter and an additional filtration tank. Overflow pools are easy to use and look stylish and respectable, but they are much more expensive than skimmer pools.

Options for materials for making pools

The material from which the bowl is made is a decisive criterion when choosing: the reliability and durability of the structure, as well as the possibility of implementing certain ideas for its decor, depend on it.

Concrete monolithic container

The traditional technology for creating a concrete tank with a recessed bowl is one of the most expensive, but reliable. Concrete can be used to build a strong, durable pond of any size, depth and configuration. Concrete construction is the only way to install a swimming pool in an already built house.

When decorating a concrete bowl, almost all finishing methods are available: from traditional tiled cladding to exquisite mosaic ornaments. In such a reservoir it is possible to install both a skimmer and an overflow drain.

Creating a tank involves preparing a pit of the desired shape, installing reinforcement with formwork and pouring concrete. The construction cycle takes a lot of time and is quite complex - it will not be possible to do without construction equipment and the help of professionals.

Fiberglass composite bowl

Fiberglass is a composite material made from glass strands bound with polyester organic resins. Elastic fiberglass bowls are superior in strength and wear resistance to steel and concrete. They are not susceptible to cracking and have low thermal conductivity, so moisture leaks and unnecessary energy consumption are excluded.

The smooth, inert surface prevents algae growth and bacterial growth. A composite swimming pond is quite expensive, but its installation takes little time and its service life is almost unlimited. If desired, a fiberglass bowl is easy to install yourself.

Cast polypropylene mold

One of the budget options for an outdoor pool for a summer cottage is a polypropylene pond. Bowls of various shapes and sizes are made from harmless thermoplastic polymer. It has high mechanical and shock resistance and tightness.

The pool is installed in a pre-prepared pit with a concrete bottom. A polypropylene form for a shallow pond can be built in a raised and semi-recessed manner. The bowl does not require additional finishing. Construction takes from several days to a week.

Stainless steel swimming pool

Stainless steel pools look stylish and modern. The properties of metal make it possible to make a bowl of any shape and size and install additional equipment: lighting, geysers, massage devices. It is possible to use both skimmer and overflow filtration options.

The steel bowl does not require additional decor. The modules of the future reservoir can be mounted independently in short time. A stainless steel pond is not cheap, but this disadvantage is compensated by its reliability, high hygienic qualities and economical operation.

Comparing the features various types swimming pools for your home, it’s easy to choose a suitable option that will reliably last for several decades.

Video: swimming pools for summer cottages

The pool is a complex hydraulic structure in which recirculation and filtration processes are continuously carried out, and water is constantly disinfected.

Swimming pools - departmental, municipal (public), individual (private) - are distinguished by purpose, construction and design characteristics, as well as by plumbing equipment. (Figure 2.1)

According to their purpose, pools can be sports, demonstration, recreational (swimming) and therapeutic, as well as combined.

Sports pools include: demonstration ones, with stands - for holding competitions in various types water sports(speed swimming, diving, figure swimming, water polo, etc.); educational - sports - for teaching various types of water sports. Sports pools have a certain composition of structures, equipment, premises and areas that meet the technological requirements and the schedule of visitors. This also applies to pools for other purposes.

Therapeutic pools are built in holiday homes, sanatoriums, and balneological complexes using medicinal water (mineral, sea). The therapeutic pool can also have any size and shape with a shallow depth. Therapeutic pools are designed for therapeutic exercises, therapeutic bathing and swimming. In therapeutic pools, the water temperature should be between 26 0 C - 28 0 C (convulsions may occur at temperatures below 25 0 C).

Rice. 2.1 - Pool classification scheme.

Combined swimming pools are a complex of structures, equipment, auxiliary premises and areas designed to serve athletes and various visitors. In a combined pool, several baths or compartments are built in one large bath, having different purposes: for educational work, for bathing adults and children, for sports work (jumping, swimming). Such baths or compartments usually operate in isolation from each other, have different sizes, shapes, and are equipped with independent equipment, as well as water treatment equipment.

Individual pools. There are also swimming pools for individual (family) use or private pools. They are installed individually according to the personal requirements of the customer. Size, shape, finishing and equipment are determined solely by the wishes, taste and financial capabilities of the customer. He decides how to use the pool and where it is best to install it.

According to construction and design characteristics. Depending on the location and planning design, outdoor and indoor pools are distinguished. The outdoor pool is built outside the house and is suitable for use only in the warm season. For outdoor swimming pools special plastic pavilions are used that allow you to extend the “warm season”. An outdoor pool should be built in a sunny place, preferably protected from prying eyes; there should be enough space around the pool to install sun loungers, sun loungers, active rest and games. The area around the pool should be waterproof, non-slip and have a slight slope away from the pool.

An indoor pool can be located in any room: an extension to the main building, in a separate room, inside the main building or in the basement of the house.

Possible bowl shapes:

Rectangular

Oval

Ovoidal

With Roman steps

Kidney shaped

Round

Octagonal.

Pool design:

Cast reinforced concrete, lined with ceramic tiles or glass mosaics;

Concrete pool with film coating;

Steel structure and film;

Plastic pool.

Based on the level of placement of structures, pools are divided into fully submerged (located below floor or ground level), partially submerged, surface and suspended.

By design, pools are divided into stationary pools and prefabricated pools.

Stationary pools (Fig. 2.2). Fixed pools are usually larger in size and have many advantages. First of all, the area, depth and shape of a stationary pool are limited only by the available free space, which allows for full-fledged swimming and diving from towers and springboards. Such a pool can be equipped with more complex and efficient systems ensuring water quality and almost any equipment for health treatments and entertainment. In addition, when building according to an individual project, you can implement the most fantastic design solutions in the design of both the pool itself and its environment. For example, only permanent pool can be faced with such spectacular material as mosaic or ceramic tiles.

Of course, the size of a pool located directly in a residential cottage is limited by the size and structural features of the building itself. The length of such a pool usually does not exceed 6-7 meters. If you want to really swim, then the length of the pool bowl should be at least 10-15 meters.

However, having a large pool in the main house is not always possible for architectural and engineering reasons. The problem can be solved by placing the pool in a special extension or a separate building. In this case, the pool can be 5-6 meters wide and up to 15-20 meters long. If desired, you can build a larger building for the pool, but this is quite complicated and expensive. In addition, such structures, as a rule, cannot do without intermediate supports, which are located right in the middle of the pool.

The bowl (the container into which water is poured) at stationary pools is most often made of special hydraulic concrete, which is poured onto the fittings. The bowl may be plastic (for example, polypropylene), but concrete is still poured around it. The significant weight of stationary pools allows them to be built only on solid foundations - the soil underneath must have sufficient bearing capacity and not be subject to erosion and leaching by groundwater.

The construction of such a pool involves a significant amount of preparatory work: digging a pit, installing a drainage system, preparing an underlying “cushion” for the foundation, etc. Placing a pool in the basement or basement of an existing house may require reconstruction and redevelopment. Therefore, stationary pools are much more expensive than even the largest prefabricated pools.

Prefabricated pools (Fig. 2.3) (they can be installed on the surface of the earth or dug into the ground). Prefabricated pools are characterized by their relatively small size and simplicity. Pools are most often round, oval or figure eight in plan.

The diameter of most prefabricated pools is 3-6 meters, but there are also larger ones up to 12 meters long (most often they have an oval shape). The depth of the bowl ranges from 1 to 1.5 meters, although children's pools can be shallower.

Prefabricated pools are made of special plastic or thin steel sheet coated with varnish and paint. The inner coating of metal pools consists of a plastic film that is not susceptible to ultraviolet radiation from the sun.

Plastic pools have a one-piece bowl without seams and are therefore perfectly sealed. They are lighter than metal ones and have better thermal insulation. The plastic surface is easy to clean and does not become slippery when wet.

Metal pools are more expensive than plastic ones, but they are more durable, and many of them are frost-resistant, which allows you to leave the pool with water during the winter.

Hydromassage mini-pools (Fig. 2.4) (spa, Jacuzzi, etc.) are divided into portable and stationary built-in ones, which have their own system of filtration, disinfection and heating of water. They are intended for preventive targeted hydromassage or “passive” relaxing relaxation, although they may include elements of water simulators.

The bottom of the hydromassage pool is adapted for comfortable seats, on which the body itself takes the optimal position depending on the type of massage.

Rice. 2.2 – Stationary pool

Rice. 2.3 – Collapsible pool

The seats themselves in the hydromassage pools are located at different levels and thus, not only adults, but also children feel great in them. Above each seat in hydromassage pools there are special massage nozzles with different effects.

A font (Fig. 2.5) is a small pool with cold water, which allows you to get the effect of diving into an ice hole after taking a bath, sauna or steam room.

The technological differences between a hot tub and a regular pool are small: there is no water heating; Instead, an ice maker is used to produce ice and supply it to the pool. With this scheme, it is difficult to constantly maintain the water temperature within clearly defined parameters (for example, 8-10°C). Less commonly used is complex special expensive equipment for cooling water with freon, with the help of which the specified temperature level is constantly maintained.

In terms of sanitary and technical design and equipment, pools are distinguished depending on how the water and technical regimes are carried out and what the characteristics of the water supply system are.

The water mode provides three options: a circulating system (recirculation water exchange), a flow-through system (flow-through water exchange) and a filling system (water exchange with periodic water changes).

The thermotechnical mode provides for the supply of water to baths with heating (using special devices) and without heating.

Swimming pool water supply systems are distinguished by the method of water intake: from the water supply of a populated area; from natural sources: rivers, lakes, seas, underground sources.

Rice. 2.4 – Hydromassage mini-pool

Fig.2.5 – Font

According to sanitary and hygienic standards, the water in the pool must meet four basic requirements:

Absence of pathogenic organisms;

Lack of toxic substances in high concentrations;

No unpleasant odors;

No visual haze color.

To achieve these requirements, four indicators need to be balanced:

Number of undissolved particles;

The ratio of acid and alkali (the number of free hydrogen ions - pH);

Total alkalinity;

Calcium hardness.

Based on the type of water drainage for recirculation, pools are divided into: skimmer and overflow. The pools basically have the same technological scheme; they differ only in the type of water intake.

Pools with skimmers. The skimmer circuit is used mainly for rectangular pools. Their peculiarity is that the water is approximately 10-13 cm below the upper edge of the pool (Fig. 2.6, 2.7). Water is taken directly for filtration through special devices: bottom outlet (used to take water from the bottom of the bath for recirculation or emptying the pool, selected according to throughput) and skimmers, supply of circulation flow through on-board nozzles (intended to supply purified water to the pool bath, quantity nozzles depends on the volume of water supply and the configuration of the pool). A skimmer is a hollow plastic or metal tank, in the lower part of which a water intake pipe is connected through a threaded connection. On the side surface of the skimmer there is a rectangular receiving window with a floating damper. Through it, water enters the skimmer from the pool and is sent to the system for further cleaning and heating. The floating valve is designed to cut off the lower layers of water and collect pollution from the surface. Each skimmer is equipped with a coarse filter (mesh bucket), which retains the largest contaminants and debris. You can also connect a water vacuum cleaner to the skimmer.

There are two modifications of skimmers: for film and for concrete pools. Skimmers come in two types: built-in and mounted. The number of skimmers depends on the size of the pool, its area, volume and configuration. The maximum area of ​​water surface processed by one skimmer is 25 m2. The skimmer also serves to dampen waves generated during swimming.

Rice. 2.6 – Skimmer pool (section)

Rice. 2.7 – Skimmer pool (axanometry)

1. Skimmers 2. Pump 3. Filtration station 4. Heat exchanger. 5. Nozzles 6. Countercurrent 7. Headlights 8. Ladder 9. Bottom drain

The water circulation scheme in the skimmer pool is based on mixing and is shown in Fig. 2.8

Rice. 2.8 - Scheme of water circulation in the skimmer pool

The scheme with an overflow gutter fits any geometric shape of pools and has a number of advantages. There are no restrictions on the size and shape of the pool. The water is at the level of the top edge of the pool. Clean water flows evenly to all points of the pool, which guarantees the absence of stagnant zones.

In the overflow system (Fig. 2.9, 2.10), water is removed through the overflow tray and bottom outlets, and circulation flow is supplied through bottom nozzles (designed to supply purified water to the pool bath). The water goes through trays (gutters) located around the perimeter of the pool into a compensation tank, the volume of which is calculated based on the possibility of the swimmers receiving the displaced water, as well as the condition of the supply of water necessary for washing the filter, and from there into the filter unit. Cold water flows into the tank from the water supply. In this way, the requirement for a jet break when supplying potable quality water to the pool is ensured.

The tank is equipped with an automatic control system, which includes water level sensors and a control unit. Automation monitors the maximum and operating water levels in the tank, and also turns off the pump when the minimum level is reached (protection against “dry running”). The consumption of additional water is determined by losses for the filter unit's own needs, evaporation from the surface of the water and technological losses (splashing out, absorption into swimmers' suits).

An overflow system is more complex than a skimmer system and, accordingly, more expensive, but it is more effective, more prestigious for private pools, and necessary for public ones. Water is supplied to the pool after filtering in the same way as in a skimmer pool through nozzles.

Rice. 2.9 – Overflow pool (section)

Fig. 2.10 – Overflow pool (axanometry)

1. Overflow gutters 2. Overflow tank 3. Water level sensors 4. Pump 5. Filtration station 6. Heat exchanger 7. Bottom nozzles 8 Bottom drain 9. Countercurrent 10. Overflow grilles 11. Staircase 12. Lights 13. Drainage.

The water circulation scheme in the overflow basin is based on displacement and is presented in Fig. 2.11

Rice. 2.11 - Water circulation diagram in the overflow pool

Table 2.1 General classification of pools

Summer in our region is so short that only walruses and children, who feel warm in any water, have time to enjoy swimming. And if summer suddenly pleases with heat, then mass swims turn any body of water into a teeming slurry. But there is always a way out! Let's talk about arranging your own pool for your summer cottage.

Of course, a swimming pool is not a free and not the cheapest pleasure, but still, we can say that every landowner can afford to become the owner of his own swimming pond. So, in order about existing types swimming pools and their features.

Inflatable pools

The simplest and cheapest pools are mobile, namely inflatable and frame (collapsible). The undeniable advantage of such pools is the price, speed of installation and dismantling. The main disadvantage is fragility. Inflatable pools come in different volumes from 3.5 thousand liters to 20 thousand liters. Their installation does not require the help of specialists. As a rule, such a pool always comes complete with detailed instructions installation instructions, as well as the necessary accessories: pump, simple filter, ladder.

Another thing is that you shouldn’t expect high quality both from the pool itself and from the accessories. Inflatable pools are made from multilayer polyvinyl chloride, but both a child and a dog can break through it.

If children use such a pool, then 2-3 pools are often changed during the season. The cost of inflatable pools varies from 2000 - 3000 rubles to 20,000 - 24,000 rubles.

Frame pools

More durable and long-lasting pools are frame ones. Their installation also does not take much time, although when assembling more complex models, the help of specialists may be required.

When choosing a frame pool, we are also faced with the temptation of price. There are inexpensive Chinese pools and more expensive pools from European manufacturers on the market. What is made in Europe, of course, costs more. And Chinese goods, in addition to an attractive price, are almost always equipped with accessories: a filter, a ladder, and a cleaning tool. It’s nice to get everything for one price, wouldn’t you agree? But at the same time, the quality, alas, does not stand up to competition.

Frame pools, for example, made in Germany, are not sold as a complete set, for example, with a ladder. Moreover, the price of a ladder for such a pool can be comparable to the price of a complete Chinese one.

Unfortunately, it is not always possible to prove to the buyer that a cheap ladder can break under the weight of even a ten-year-old child. Chinese frame pools have another significant disadvantage - they are completely plastic, while more expensive European pools have a steel sheet at their base.

It is worth noting the filters inexpensive pools- they are often cartridge-based, often paper, the quality of filtration in comparison with a filter with a filler - quartz sand, is much worse, as is the organization of circulation in the pool bowl. The service life of a frame pool is, of course, longer than that of its inflatable counterpart. With proper use, it can last 5-6 years. Such pools also provide the possibility of easy repairs during operation.

We also note that most mobile pools are not frost-resistant, that is, they need to be deflated or disassembled for the winter. The exception is premium category frame pools, which can be left for the winter.

The cost of frame pools starts from 6,000 - 7,000 rubles. This is what the cheapest one will cost Chinese pool. Prefabricated swimming pools from European manufacturers will cost 60 - 70 thousand rubles. Prefabricated swimming pools of premium quality will cost 150 - 250 thousand rubles, and this is almost the price of a stationary pool.

Stationary pools

If an inflatable or frame pool can be moved around the site at least once a week, then for a stationary pool you will have to choose a permanent location. A stationary pool involves digging a pit, filling it with crushed stone, pouring formwork (bowl) or a special concrete pad and installing or decorating the bowl.

For such a pool, it is also necessary to organize a place for water intake and drainage. Unless, of course, we are talking about a pool with overflow type water treatment. But if the choice fell on a skimmer-type pool, then the supply of water and the creation of a drainage system can be avoided altogether. In our region, quite often there are areas without water at all; for such areas, a pool with a skimmer cleaning system is a very good solution. No water? The supplier can bring in a fire truck to fill the pool, and the filtration system will keep the water in perfect condition. With year-round correct use In an indoor pool, a complete change of water is not required for years.

Stationary pools with a bowl made of polypropylene, fiberglass or composite materials

In Europe today, swimming pools with bowls made of composite materials are very popular. In our country, this type of pool is just beginning to conquer the market. Pools made of composite materials are ready-made bowls made of fiberglass (polyester resins reinforced with fiberglass), which are cast in a factory, have no seams or sharp corners, have 100% waterproofing, do not rot, are resistant to chemicals, do not require finishing, durable . The thickness of the walls of such a bowl is about 1 cm. A pool with such a bowl will serve for decades. To construct such a pool, a pit is needed and a concrete slab (pillow) is desirable.

It takes approximately 2-4 weeks to produce a composite bowl at the factory. Bowls of non-standard sizes, for which there is no ready-made matrix in production, may take a little longer to make.

Having chosen such a pool, you need to take into account that when unloading and installing it you will need a crane, so access to the site must be free. The cost of a pool made of composite material is not much different from the cost of a pool made of reinforced concrete, but it depends, of course, on the size. The larger the pool, the higher the price.

The cost of a 12-meter pool can reach up to two million rubles, if we talk about a turnkey pool, because... the cost of the bowl alone can be 800 thousand rubles.

Stationary concrete pools

The bowls of the pools, which can be considered eternal, are made of reinforced concrete. Such pools are not afraid of anything; they last for decades. Their main difference from composite pools, in addition to their longer service life, is the need for finishing. But it is the finishing that will give your pool a unique and unique look.

Today, there are several materials for finishing reinforced concrete pools. The most durable of them is tile. An equally reliable material for finishing swimming pools is mosaic. It allows you to create interesting patterns and even drawings. The finishing of reinforced concrete pools is made from PVC film (liner), it creates additional waterproofing, but over time such films can fade, crack and deform.

Among the pools with a reinforced concrete bowl, we can highlight the French Desjoyaux pools. These are the only pools that have a special permanent plastic formwork, thanks to which the cost of building a pool does not increase, but, on the contrary, becomes lower than that of classic reinforced concrete pools. Very often, people give up in advance the idea of ​​​​creating a swimming pool on their site due to high prices.

But we can say with confidence that worthy concrete pool may cost no more than a regular middle-class car, while the cost of its maintenance will be even lower than the maintenance of a foreign car.

Pool pavilions

Does a swimming pool need a roof? This question is asked by every person who is thinking about building a swimming pool. Of course, the owner must answer it himself. But residents of the Central region of Russia should think seriously about the roof. You can swim in a pool located in an enclosed space in any weather, at any time of the year. It is ideal to start building an indoor pool along with building a house. Ideal does not mean necessary. Companies that professionally deal with swimming pools can cope with any task. Access to the pool can be done not only from home. The pool can be a completely separate building on the site, or it can be part of a bathhouse complex.

If you don’t want to build a separate house for a swimming pool, you can: sliding panels made of transparent polycarbonate. Pavilions come in different heights. In the high pavilions you can not only swim in the pool, but also move around in full height along the perimeter of the pool. Pavilions help retain heat, protect from wind and bad weather, and provide additional protection against water pollution and ultraviolet radiation. That is, on a hot day you can stay under the roof of the pavilion as much as you want without fear of getting sunburned. The advantage of indoor pools over open ones is that they do not require seasonal conservation, which is carried out only by specialists, and for a fee.

Pool Maintenance

Any pool requires regular maintenance, cleaning and Maintenance. They clean the water both with special nets, collecting debris from the surface (especially for outdoor pools), and with devices - water vacuum cleaners.

Of course, special filter units are also used to purify water. Filters with quartz sand are considered the most reliable. However, there are other options. High quality water purification is achieved through a special membrane filter. At the same time, the entire filtration system, which is of the skimmer type, is quite compact and can be located in one block with a counterflow, ladder, and lighting. It is also quite easy to use. There is no need to call specialists to service your pool. In addition to water filtration, the pool also requires disinfection. For this purpose, special chemical compounds are used.

The fear of chemical compounds is very great. But even if you use chlorine-containing disinfectants according to the instructions, they cannot cause any harm to children and, of course, adults. To disinfect water, by the way, today they use not only chlorine, but also bromine, as well as active liquid oxygen. Ultraviolet light and ozonation are also used.

For the pool to bring real pleasure, the water must be: clean, transparent and safe. The pool needs to be looked after.

Due to the emergence of new construction technologies, the construction of swimming pools is becoming more and more relevant every year. Probably everyone has already thought about installing a swimming pool in their country house, or at the dacha and was looking for ways to realize his dream. We recommend that you first study all types of pools and understand their advantages and disadvantages. And only after that choose the most optimal pool option for yourself. We, in turn, will try to give detailed description all types of pools, stages of construction and answer all questions that may arise in the future during operation.

Let's start with the classification of pools:

1. There are different types of pools: inflatable, prefabricated (frame), stationary and ready-made portable baths.
2. Based on the type of filtration system, pools are divided into sump pools and overflow pools.
3. Depending on the type of finishing, pools can be: film, polypropylene, tiled, mosaic, fiberglass.
4. By category of use: private and public.

Inflatable pools

The fastest and most inexpensive way to install a pool on your plot of land (at your dacha) is to purchase an inflatable pool. It consists of a bag made of reinforced PVC film reinforced with polyester mesh. At the top, such a pool has an inflatable edging, which is filled with air. As the pool fills with water, the inflatable edge rises, thereby ensuring the depth of the pool.

This pool typically comes in one box and comes with a cartridge filter, pump, ladder, liner, blanket, and instructions for assembling the pool. This pool is assembled on a level base. Installation time will be approximately one hour, more time will be spent filling the pool with water. The service life of an inflatable pool depends on the intensity of use and can range from 1 month to 5 years. Due to the fact that the pool does not have a skimmer and sand filter you need to be prepared for the fact that debris will constantly accumulate on the surface of the water and at the bottom, no matter how often you remove it.

To prevent the water in the pool from becoming cloudy and turning green, you need to promptly add pool chemicals, turn on the filtration system and change the filter cartridge.

You will also have to periodically pump air into the upper edge of the pool.

You need to choose a place to install the pool so that if the film is damaged, the water will not cause you much damage.

The pool is definitely going to winter period. When purchasing such a pool, you need to assume that this pool is most suitable for children; the water will often have to be changed and repaired, but most likely it will not last long.

Prefabricated frame pools

The design of prefabricated frame pools is simple. The wall (frame) of the pool is a solid steel sheet of metal with several protective coatings. Waterproofing and finishing of prefabricated frame pools is a cup bag made of PVC film.

These pools are supplied in boxes and can be assembled during the day, without taking into account the preparation of the place and the time of pouring water. The base for these pools is a flat sand base (with a backfill thickness of approximately 200mm). We recommend separating the cup bag made of PVC film from the sand with linoleum. Prefabricated frame pools are divided into seasonal type (Aquasplash) and frost-resistant type (Esprit, Esprit-Big, Gibraltar).

Seasonal prefabricated pools need to be assembled every spring and disassembled in the fall, and every year you will have to replace the PVC film cup bag with a new one. Frost-resistant pools will not need to be disassembled winter time. The metal frame and PVC film in such pools are designed to prevent the water inside the pool from freezing. As a rule, seasonal pools are equipped with a ladder, a cartridge filtration system, hoses and two nozzles for water intake and release.

Frost-resistant prefabricated pools, in addition to the fact that they have reinforced edging and stiffening ribs, they are also equipped with a ladder, a sand filtration system (which is used in stationary pools), hoses, a skimmer, and a water return nozzle. Unlike the frost-resistant type, seasonal pools do not have a skimmer and sand filter, and you need to be prepared for the fact that debris will constantly accumulate on the surface of the water and at the bottom, no matter how often you clean it. At the same time, due to a weak pump, it is not possible to connect a hand-held vacuum cleaner to clean the bottom of the pool.

If you don’t want to dig a pit on your site, deal with concrete work, spend a lot of money to build a pool, but at the same time have a full-fledged pool, the installation of which would take no more than a week from the moment of purchase to the moment of swimming, we recommend that you pay attention to a prefabricated one frame pool frost-resistant type.

Unlike the above pools, it has aesthetic And robust construction, high-quality filtration system. Not only children, but also adults will feel comfortable in this pool.

In addition to these pools, we recommend purchasing a set of pool chemicals - so that the water is always clean and transparent, a blanket - to reduce heat loss and pollution in the pool, and a hand-held vacuum cleaner - so that you can collect all the dirt from the bottom of the pool without draining it water. Also, if desired, you can install in these pools water heating, an automatic filter control system, an automatic pool water disinfection system and some attractions (water lighting, counterflow, waterfall).

Stationary pools

Stationary pools are pools that are built once and cannot be disassembled and installed in another place; these are reinforced concrete pools that differ in finishing (film, polypropylene, mosaic, tile). These pools, unlike prefabricated and inflatable pools, can be built not only outdoors, but also indoors. They can be made in various shapes and sizes, equipped with various attractions (countercurrent, hydromassage, lighting, waterfall, geyser).

If you really want a reliable, durable pool that meets all the requirements, which has earned worldwide trust and you are ready not to skimp for the sake of your dream, then you need to choose this option. The only thing you need to decide on is the type of finishing for the permanent pool. In turn, film, polypropylene, tiled and mosaic pools have a number of advantages and disadvantages relative to each other, which we will try to tell you about.

Stationary swimming pools lined with PVC film

The peculiarity of these pools is that the finishing and waterproofing of such pools is PVC film. PVC film is a rolled synthetic material based on plasticized PVC with polystyrene mesh reinforcement. The roll width is usually 1600mm. One roll is 40 sq.m. The colors of the film are blue, cyan, turquoise, white, beige, etc.

There is also a film with a blurry mosaic pattern, but it is twice as expensive.

The stages of constructing a liner pool are as follows. Before starting construction of a pool, we determine the shape and size of the pool, a set of equipment for the pool and the place where this equipment will be located. After this, a project or sketch drawings of the pool are made.

The construction of a pool begins with the manufacture of a pit, after which a reinforced concrete pool bowl is made with double reinforcement and with niches and holes installed in it for embedded elements (bottom drain, nozzles, skimmer, spotlight, etc.). After this, the pool bowl is aligned with the beacons and the grid, without touching the niches and holes for the embedded elements of the pool equipment. After leveling, embedded elements are installed in these niches and holes and sealed with concrete.

Now you can begin finishing the pool bowl. First, we lay non-woven roll insulation “Flagpool”, but it must be understood that it does not serve as insulation, but as a lining material under the film, then we attach a fastening strip along the top and weld the pool bowl with an overlapping PVC film, sealing the seams with “Flagpool” sealant. After this, the embedded elements are cut into and compacted into the film, water is poured in, the equipment for the pool is assembled, and commissioning work is done.

The advantages of pools made of PVC film over tiled (mosaic) pools are: less time to manufacture the pool; less cost of building a pool; the finishing does not lag behind the pool bowl during the period of freezing and thawing, so this pool can be built outdoors; does not tear when cracks appear in the pool bowl; repaired at the lowest cost; It does not have sharp edges on its surface that can cause you to cut yourself. The advantage of PVC film pools over polypropylene pools is a wider range of colors. The disadvantages of pools made of PVC film compared to tiled (mosaic) and polypropylene pools are: the need, as a rule, due to fading and “obsolescence” of the PVC film, to change the film every 10 years; has difficulty cleaning the pool surface; unlike polypropylene pools, these pools are not installed under groundwater; building a pool from PVC film requires more time and money compared to construction polypropylene swimming pool.

The approximate production time for a private swimming pool made of medium-sized PVC film (6x3x1.5m) of skimmer type will be approximately 2-3 months.

Stationary swimming pools finished with tiles (mosaics)

A special feature of these pools is that they are finished with either tiles or mosaics. As tiles in swimming pools, special pool tiles are used, which have a minimum percentage of water absorption (such as Floor Gres tiles), with standard sizes 250x120mm, or 100x100mm.

Regular ceramic tiles are not suitable for finishing a pool, as over time they will swell and begin to fall off. Mosaic, as a rule, consists of multi-colored square tiles with dimensions of 20x20mm or 10x10mm; the composition of the mosaic material is close to glass. Unlike mosaics, it is difficult to finish deeply curved shapes with tiles and give the pool high aesthetic shades and tints. For this reason, large public swimming pools are usually finished with tiles. Private pools are decorated with mosaics. In addition to standard pool mosaic mixtures, you can depict any paintings in the pool using mosaics, including your favorite photograph.

The stages of construction of a tiled (mosaic) pool at the beginning are the same as for a film pool. Before starting construction of a pool, we determine the shape and size of the pool, a set of equipment for the pool and the place where this equipment will be located. After this, a project or sketch drawings of the pool are made. The construction of a pool begins with the manufacture of a pit, after which a reinforced concrete pool bowl with double reinforcement is made, with the laying of an insulating cord and with the installation of niches and holes in the bowl for embedded elements (bottom drain, nozzles, skimmer, spotlight, etc.).

After this, the pool bowl is leveled along the beacons and along the mesh with adhesive layers and with the addition of water-repellent additives to the installation mixture, without touching the niches and holes for the embedded elements of the pool equipment. After leveling, embedded elements are installed into these niches and holes and sealed with concrete with water-repellent additives. Then a coating elastic waterproofing is applied in two layers over a mesh (Mapelastik) and applied to the flanges of the embedded elements of the pool equipment. Either tiles or mosaics are glued onto the waterproofing with special pool adhesives (Kerakret) and then grouted with water-repellent grout (Ultracolor). After this, the reverse flanges of the embedded elements are installed, water is poured in, the equipment for the pool is assembled, and commissioning work is done.

The advantages of pools made of mosaics and tiles over other pools are: large palette of colors, which allows you to satisfy even the most refined taste; possibility of manufacturing any shape of pool with deeply curved surfaces.

The disadvantages of mosaic and tile pools are:

• long pool construction time and cost;
• the quality of the pool very much depends on the professionalism of the builders at each stage of pool construction;
• a swimming pool made of mosaics and tiles cannot be built outdoors because during the freezing-thawing period the tiles gradually begin to fall off;
• this pool may have edges that can cause you to cut yourself;
• The pool requires careful maintenance, otherwise the seams darken, plaque forms, tiles fall out, which entails pool repairs.
• The approximate production time for a mosaic and tiled pool of medium size (6x3x1.5m) of skimmer type will be approximately 3 months.

Stationary pools made of polypropylene

A special feature of these pools is that the waterproofing and finishing are polypropylene. Polypropylene is a polymer material that, at low density, has high strength, resistance to aggressive environments and ultraviolet radiation, and at the same time has good weldability. Due to its characteristics, polypropylene is considered the “king of plastics”. In the construction of swimming pools, polypropylene sheets are used, usually blue or light blue, having a glossy surface with a thickness of 5 mm or 8 mm.

The stages of construction of a polypropylene pool are as follows. Having decided on the shape and size of the pool, the equipment for the pool and the place where this equipment will be located, we begin construction of the pool by making a pit. Then a reinforced concrete pool slab with a leveling screed is made.

After this, polypropylene sheets are imported and a pool bath with stiffening ribs begins to be manufactured on a reinforced concrete slab using hand-held hair dryers and a welding extruder. The embedded elements of the pool equipment are cut into the manufactured polypropylene bath and pipes are taken out from them towards the technical room. Then the polypropylene bathtub is tied with reinforcement, insulated, expanded, external formwork is made, and the polypropylene bathtub will serve as the internal formwork. After this, layer-by-layer concreting of the pool walls is carried out with the addition of water to the polypropylene pool. Then clean water is poured into the pool, the equipment is assembled and commissioning work is done.

The advantages of polypropylene pools over other pools are: short time and price for pool construction; a polypropylene pool can be built not only indoors, but also outdoors, possibly with groundwater; easy to use; durable; repaired at the lowest cost; the highest sealing is achieved; Due to the characteristics of the material, less heat and chemicals are wasted in the pool.

The disadvantage of polypropylene pools is their uniform blue or light blue color.

The estimated production time for a medium-sized polypropylene pool (6x3x1.5m) of skimmer type will be approximately 1 month. If you want to save money, but at the same time increase the usefulness and durability of a stationary pool, then we recommend that you opt for a polypropylene pool.

Ready-made portable swimming pool baths

If you want to build a stationary pool in a short time, then you will have to resort to purchasing ready-made pool baths. These are ready-made fiberglass or polypropylene swimming pool bathtubs of standard shapes and sizes, they are manufactured in production and delivered to the site in finished form. In fiberglass swimming pool bathtubs, the walls and bottom are made of several layers of fiberglass with a front acrylic coating.

Due to the variety of layers and manufacturing technologies of fiberglass bathtubs, they are divided into fiberglass, composite, ceramic composite pools, etc. In ready-made polypropylene swimming pool baths, the bottom and walls are polypropylene sheets, which have a welded metal profile along the top of the pool, which ensures the rigidity of the pool bath structure.

Fiberglass and polypropylene are among the best modern materials, which, as a result of their excellent characteristics, have found application almost everywhere, including in the construction of swimming pools. The stages of construction of ready-made pool baths are usually the following: a pit is torn off, a smooth screed is made from a dry mixture, on which insulation (Penoplex) is laid, then the finished pool bath is brought, lowered into the pit on the insulation, embedded elements of the pool equipment are mounted into it and from pipes are brought out from them towards the equipment installation, the bathtub is insulated from the sides (a polypropylene bathtub comes with insulation built into it), after which the gap between the bathtub and the foundation pit is gradually filled with a dry mixture, and spilled with water while simultaneously filling the pool with water, the equipment is assembled, and start-up is done - adjustment work.

Polypropylene ready-made swimming pool baths are lower in price due to simpler manufacturing technology, but have more regular shapes compared to fiberglass baths.

The approximate production time for a medium-sized pool (6x3x1.5 m) of skimmer type using ready-made polypropylene or fiberglass baths will be approximately 0.5 months.

Material taken from the site www.bascom.ru
Provided by Bascom LLC