All about the Kazanka motorboat micron. Parohodoff: Reviews of water equipment and related services. Seaworthiness characteristics of the MKM boat

The production of the MKM duralumin motorboat, designed by the Yaroslavl Shipyard, began in 1968 at several shipyards. Due to its higher stability, hull strength and freeboard height, this boat was supposed to replace the Kazanka-type motorboat, which turned out to be insufficiently safe when installing outboard motors with power over 12 hp. At the same time, the hull design and equipment of the boat were made similar to the Kazanka, the only standard industrial motorboat made of light alloys produced in the USSR at that time. The prototype for the theoretical drawing was the MK-29 motorboat, which has a flat-keeled bottom with a low deadrise and a slight slope of the sides inward at the transom.

The body is of riveted construction made of D16AT duralumin, the set parts are stamped from AMg5M aluminum-magnesium alloy and duralumin profiles. The thickness of the bottom and deck plating is 1 mm. The framing system is mixed with six frames and longitudinal stringers along the bottom. The forepeak and engine compartment are separated from the cockpit by watertight bulkheads. When parked, an outboard motor can be placed in the engine compartment and the compartment is closed on top with metal covers. The forepeak with a volume of 168 liters, together with a 90-liter sealed box under the stern bank, ensures that the boat is unsinkable.

The boat is equipped with three transverse banks, a windshield, and wooden slatted slats. The two bow seats are equipped with reclining backrests. Below the deck in the bow there is a small trunk with a lockable lid in the bulkhead.

Operation of the boat is allowed at a wave height of up to 0.25 m and a distance from the shore of up to 1000 m. When sailing in rough seas, the boat gets heavily splashed due to the low deadrise of the bottom, the low location of the chine in the bow and the absence of bilge splash guards. Due to the existing downward bend of the bottom at the transom, the MKM buries itself in the wave and tends to tip over the chine. To eliminate these shortcomings, consultants from the magazine "Boats and Yachts" recommended the installation of bilge splash guards and a transverse step. The plant made attempts to organize the production of deckhouses for the MKM motorboats, but things did not go further than prototypes.

Duralumin release motorboats "MKM", designed by the Yaroslavl Shipyard, was started in 1968 at several shipyards. Due to its higher stability, hull strength and freeboard height, this boat was supposed to replace the Kazanka-type motorboat, which turned out to be insufficiently safe when installing outboard motors with a power of over 12 hp. With. At the same time, the hull design and equipment of the boat were made similar to the Kazanka, the only standard industrial motorboat made of light alloys produced in the USSR at that time. The prototype for the theoretical drawing was the MK-29 motorboat, which has flat-keeled bottom contours with a low deadrise and a slight slope of the sides inward at the transom.

General location of the MKM motorboat

The body is of riveted construction made of D16AT duralumin, the set parts are stamped from AMg5M aluminum-magnesium alloy and duralumin profiles. The thickness of the bottom and deck plating is 1 mm. The framing system is mixed with six frames and longitudinal stringers along the bottom. The forepeak and engine compartment are separated from the cockpit by watertight bulkheads. When parked, an outboard motor can be placed in the engine compartment and the compartment is closed on top with metal covers. The forepeak volume of 168 liters together with a 90 liter sealed box under the stern can provides.

The boat is equipped with three transverse banks, a windshield, and wooden slatted slats. The two bow seats are equipped with reclining backrests. Below the deck in the bow there is a small trunk with a lockable lid in the bulkhead. Operation of the boat is allowed at a wave height of up to 0.25 m and a distance from the shore of up to 1000 m. When sailing in rough seas, the boat gets heavily splashed due to the low deadrise of the bottom, the low location of the chine in the bow and the absence of bilge splash guards. Due to the existing downward bend of the bottom at the transom, the MKM buries itself in the wave and tends to tip over the chine. To eliminate these shortcomings, consultants from the magazine “Boats and Yachts” recommended the installation of bilge splash guards and a transverse step. The plant made attempts to organize the production of deckhouses for the MKM motorboat, but things did not go further than prototypes. The MKM boat can be recommended for fishing with motors of the Moskva and Veterok types and for walks with more powerful motors.

In general, the MKM boat turned out to be unsuccessful. Its seaworthiness and operational safety are no better than those of the Kazanka. In addition, “MKM” does not have any “zest”, i.e., any positive qualities, which would allow, under certain operating conditions, to give preference to the MKM over other boats.

The MKM duralumin motor boat, the technical characteristics of which were almost identical to the outdated Kazanka, was produced by the Yaroslavl Shipbuilding Plant in 1968. Its main difference from its predecessor was the possibility of equipping it with an mounted power unit with a capacity of up to 25 horsepower. However, with such a motor, the ship significantly lost its seaworthiness; the bow often hit the water, causing the cockpit to get wet. The watercraft can be operated normally only in a calm body of water at a distance of no more than one kilometer from the shore.

Housing structure

The duralumin boats in question have an aluminum hull one millimeter thick. The design of the element is made in a traditional style, using the riveting method. A flat bottom with a two-degree deadrise at the transom does not particularly add directional stability to the craft. The bypass cheekbones are located quite low, which practically does not protect passengers from splashes. Some craftsmen independently installed additional fenders of various modifications.

In the area of ​​the stern the sides converge upward. This feature, together with some other design nuances of the hull, constituted perhaps the only advantage of the vessel, expressed in good parking stability. Under the aft seat and in the forepeak there are standard buoyancy blocks for those times.

Internal equipment

Domestic MKM duralumin boats have a design that provides for the placement of the forepeak and the engine part separately from the cockpit. They are separated from each other by waterproof partitions. In the parked position, the power unit can be placed in the appropriate compartment and closed on top with a metal lid. Unsinkability is ensured by a 168-liter forepeak and a voluminous sealed box under the stern.

The vessel is equipped with three transversely installed banks, wind glazing, and slatted wooden slats. A pair of bow benches are equipped with folding backrests. In the bow below the deck there is a recess that acts as a small trunk with a lid and lock.

MKM boat: technical characteristics

This watercraft does not shine with special or outstanding performance. Below are the main parameters of the vessel:

• maximum length/width/height - 4100/1520/570 millimeters;
• the deadrise angle indicator in the bottom part is two degrees;
• maximum power - 25 horsepower;
• weight of the MKM boat with equipment - 150 kilograms;
• load capacity - 0.4 tons;
• passenger capacity - 4 people;
• maximum speed with load is 35 kilometers per hour.

Operation of the vessel in question is allowed at a wave height of no more than 250 millimeters, which significantly limits the places where it can be used. The optimal power unit is a motor with a power of 12 to 18 horsepower. Most users and experts agree that the size of the MKM boat, combined with its low seaworthiness, makes its design extremely unsuccessful. However, the vessel is quite suitable for stationary fishing and short distance walks.

Modification and repair of MKM boats

The characteristics of a swimming device can be improved independently in several ways. To eliminate excessive bending of the bottom part, it is necessary to remove the rivet seams that secure the bottom plating, the sides along the cheekbones, and the stringers with the keel. The procedure should be performed from the transom to the second frame of the stern.

The transom lower edge, together with the bent element, is cut by 8 millimeters, and part of the partition of the engine block is cut by 3 mm. Using the same principle, the edges of the side plates interacting with the cheekbone are shortened. The stringers settle flush with the new bottom plane and are riveted into place as part of the transom.

The kit is temporarily assembled with bolts, and skin sheets are pressed against it while controlling the contours of the bottom. A one and a half meter strip or metal ruler is suitable for this. Over the entire area at a distance of 1.5 meters from the transom, the measuring device should fit as tightly as possible with the skin. Next, the bilge angles and the keel profile are adjusted. In this case, the rivet sockets must be expanded to a diameter of 4.2 mm, sealing tape must be laid and the seams must be secured with new rivets.

Second tuning method

The MKM boat, the technical characteristics of which leave much to be desired, can be improved on its own by installing a transverse step. This element can be made from duralumin or a similar sheet alloy one and a half millimeters thick. After preparing both parts of the part, it is necessary to give it a concave shape by tapping it with a wooden hammer.

The nose edge of the redan is processed in such a way as to ensure a tight fit to the skin. Supporting and connecting strips are made of hard wood or textolite. Before making final repairs to MKM boats, the sheets should be primed and painted. Fasteners are taken in the form of screws made of stainless steel or galvanized iron. Additionally, the fixation points can be strengthened using epoxy glue.

The MKM boat, the reviews of which can hardly be called flattering, can be upgraded with the help of additional transom plates with an adjustable angle of attack (in addition to the redan). By adjusting the angle, it will be possible to adjust the load between the plates and the step. This will allow you to achieve optimal trim depending on the load and climatic conditions.

A useful addition to the vessel in question would be bilge splash guards. They are mounted on the sides two meters from the stem. The parts can be constructed from a light alloy strip mounted on the body using a duralumin square or parts cut from it. To more effectively reflect splashes, the surface of the fenders should look down at an angle of 10 degrees.

Conclusion

The domestic MKM duralumin boat, the technical characteristics of which are practically no different from its predecessor called “Kazanka,” has not found much popularity among the population. The only advantageous difference is the possibility of installing a more powerful outboard motor. The boat in question can be operated with motors of the “Moscow” and “Veterok” types.

The main purpose is amateur fishing and walks in quiet bodies of water near the shore. Despite all the shortcomings of the boat, this vessel also has fans. With a little skill and effort, you can modernize and improve its seaworthiness. In its standard version, the MKM does not have any special qualities that would allow this vessel to be preferred over other boats of a similar class.

With the advent of 20-horsepower outboard motors, the question arose about the need to replace practically the then only motor boat, “Kazanka”: it was still produced in large series, but was no longer suitable for operation with such motors. As a replacement, the shipbuilders proposed a metal version of the previously popular plywood motorboat “MK-29” designed by E. E. Kloss. The theoretical drawing was completely borrowed from this project, the hull design was copied from the Kazanka - this is how the wider and higher-sided (seemingly more seaworthy!) MKM appeared, for the construction of which in 1967-1969. seven factories took over at once!

Soon, after modernization and a corresponding increase in the price of the Kazanka with boules - the MD model was already sold at a price of 400 rubles, the MKM became the cheapest "motorboat": the retail price of most boats was 370 rubles. (Note that some building factories that were not adapted to large-scale production of boats were forced to sell the MKM at a higher price - up to 450 rubles; at the same time, the expensive boat was not distinguished by either higher quality workmanship or any additions to the equipment. )

What can you say about the MKM contours? Its theoretical drawing () was developed almost 20 years ago with the expectation of operation mainly with the 10-horsepower Moskva, under which the MK-29, which had a light, 70-kilogram body, reached a maximum speed of 30 km/h. With a load of 3-4 people, the boat was moving in a transitional mode to planing, therefore, in order to increase its hydrodynamic qualities, it was necessary to increase the width of the bottom and limit the deadrise angle to a minimum value (at the transom - 4°). The bending of the bottom down at the transom also contributed to the planing and reduction of the running trim. Thanks to this bend, the size of which is the same on the MK-29 and MKM and is 8 mm, the aft section of the bottom turns out to be located at a greater angle of attack to the oncoming water flow than the middle of the hull; here a significant lifting force is created, which lifts the stern and “puts” the bow of the boat on the water.

But what was good for the 10-horsepower Moskva turned out to be significant disadvantages when installing the twice as powerful Whirlwind and Msskva-25 on the same boat. It is well known that a boat with a wide and flat bottom planes at a minimum angle of attack, and the MKM also has the effect of bending the bottom. Therefore, when meeting even a small wave, clouds of spray burst out from under the low-slung chine of this boat and fall on the heads of the passengers and the driver of the boat. Attempts to raise the bow - to increase the running trim aft, giving the boat a stern load - have no effect. You can often see how the MKM is controlled while sitting on the transom itself and lowering its feet into the engine compartment. And the reader of the collection, Petrushko from Novochebok-sarsk, tried to improve the seaworthiness of the boat by loading the engine compartment to the top with raw sand; against the wave, the boat actually went better, but its speed dropped by almost half.

V.V. Borodenko from Saratov made an external bracket behind the transom of his MKM, on which he hung two Neptunes, installed longitudinal steps and zygomatic splash guards, moved the boat control station to the stern and placed 4 cans of fuel here. And all this taken together could not “tear off” the bow end of the boat from the water or significantly improve its performance on the wave.

It goes without saying that attempts to equip the MKM with a remote control with a steering wheel in the forward part of the cockpit - near the windshield - further aggravated the existing disadvantage. The boat not only did not float to the oncoming wave, but crashed into it, losing speed. It is not surprising that, despite the large width and significant stability of the MKM, from time to time there are cases of boats of this type capsizing: after all, for this it is enough to make flick tiller...

Needless to say about Strong blows that a flat-bottomed boat receives when sailing against a wave, about an uncomfortable engine compartment, the absence of an awning and a fragile windshield, about a hopelessly outdated design. It is very good that to date the production of “MKM” has been discontinued at five factories, but two enterprises continue to produce this far from perfect model this year.

Well, what to do with tens of thousands of MKMs already in personal use?

If we leave aside the incorrigible shortcomings inherent in the MKM, as in any boat with a flat bottom of low deadrise, then we can say that the “root of evil” is the bend of the bottom at the transom. Therefore, first of all it is necessary to either get rid of this limb or neutralize its effect.

To eliminate the bend of the bottom, it is necessary to unstitch the rivet seams securing the bottom and side skin along the cheekbone, as well as to the bottom stringers and keel, starting from the transom to the second frame from the stern. The lower edge of the transom, together with the bent flange, should be cut by 8 mm, and the edge of the engine compartment bulkhead by 3 mm. Accordingly, you need to trim the edge of the side sheets adjacent to the chine, then set the bottom stringers flush with the new bottom surface, and re-rivet the bracket at the transom.

Having assembled the set using temporary M4 bolts, press the skin sheets against it and check the contours of the bottom. To do this, you need to attach a 1.5-2 m long rail with a verified straight edge or a steel ruler to the bottom. Over the entire surface, 1.5 m from the transom, the rail or ruler should fit snugly against the skin. Now you can adjust the bilge angles and keel profile, drill out all the rivet holes to d=4.2 mm, install sealing tape and rivet the seams again, but with rivets of a larger diameter.

This work takes a lot of time, but judging by the fact that many amateurs even manage to lengthen their aluminum boats on their own, which is much more difficult, it can easily be done at home. How to rivet and paint correctly duralumin boat, can be read in the book “300 Tips on Boats, Boats and Motors” (“Shipbuilding”, 1975).

The second way to increase the boat's running trim is to install a transverse step or bow hydrofoil.

The dimensions and installation diagram of the transverse step are shown in the sketch provided. The redan can be made from a sheet of duralumin or another aluminum alloy with a thickness of 1-1.5 mm. Having cut out both halves of the redan, give it a slight concavity by knocking out the sheet with a wooden mallet on the sand or “rolling” it around the pipe. The nose edge of the sheet must be sharpened until the edge fits snugly against the sheathing. The strips that support the aft edge of the redan and connect both of its parts on the keel can be made of hard wood, textolite or light alloy.

Before installation, redan sheets must be carefully primed with inside and paint - the space between the boat's skin and the redan communicates freely with sea water. The mounting screws must be galvanized steel or stainless steel; the use of non-ferrous metal fasteners will cause corrosion of the sheets. It is recommended to strengthen the attachment of the bow edge to the bottom by gluing it with epoxy glue.

A similar redan can be made solid - from polystyrene foam or wood, glued to a metal sheathing metal that has been cleaned to a shine with epoxy glue. After processing, the outside of such a redan must be covered with a couple of layers of fiberglass.

The arrow-shaped step should take about 90% of the total weight of the boat while moving; this must be taken into account when loading it. The position of the redan shown in the sketch is designed to accommodate the driver in the front part of the cockpit.

It should be noted that the above recommendations were not tested specifically on the MKM boat, but they were well tested and gave positive results on similar boats. Therefore, if the effect of installing a redan turns out to be excessive - the running trim will be too large or the boat will begin to dolphinate when not fully loaded (or controlled by the engine tiller), do not be surprised and do not despair. To begin, move the fuel cans forward, try to load the bow trunk, and place the passenger in the bow seat.

If these simple measures do not help, you will have to install transom plates with an adjustable angle of attack (see the mentioned book “300 tips”). By increasing the angle of attack of the plates, it will be possible to redistribute the load between the plates and the transverse step, achieving optimal trim for any case of loading the boat and weather conditions.

Another useful addition for the serial MKM is bilge splash guards mounted on the sides at a length of 1.95 m from the stem. They can be made from a 1.5X40 strip of light alloy, attached to the body using a solid 20X20 duralumin square or short pieces cut from it. The surface of the splash guards should be inclined downward at an angle of about 10° to the horizontal to more effectively reflect splashes.

The recommendations given should significantly reduce the splashing of the MKM boat while moving and improve its ability to ride oncoming waves. An even more effective measure would be to install a bow hydrofoil (see article by L.L. Kheifets “Boat on one wing”), however, the manufacture and fine-tuning of such a device is an incomparably more complex matter, not to mention the fact that operating a boat on wing is not possible in every water area.

A useful piece of equipment is an awning that protects the boat's cockpit from splashing in fresh weather. If the boat is steered by the tiller, it is not at all necessary to make the awning high and covering the entire cockpit.

The approximate dimensions of a comfortable awning are shown in the sketch. The canopy's arcs are hinged toward the bow and laid in front of the windshield. While underway, the stern canopy 4 is twisted into a roll and suspended from the arc 3 on ribbons, leaving the cockpit in the stern free to control the boat. When parked, the cockpit can be completely closed, and the height under the awning is sufficient for overnight accommodation on floorboards. Details are given in the book “300 Tips”.

Duralumin release motorboats "MKM", designed by the Yaroslavl Shipyard, was started in 1968 at several shipyards. Due to its higher stability, hull strength and freeboard height, this boat was supposed to replace the Kazanka-type motorboat, which turned out to be insufficiently safe when installing outboard motors with a power of over 12 hp. With. At the same time, the hull design and equipment of the boat were made similar to the Kazanka, the only standard industrial motorboat made of light alloys produced in the USSR at that time. The prototype for the theoretical drawing was the MK-29 motorboat, which has flat-keeled bottom contours with a low deadrise and a slight slope of the sides inward at the transom.

General location of the MKM motorboat

The body is of riveted construction made of D16AT duralumin, the set parts are stamped from AMg5M aluminum-magnesium alloy and duralumin profiles. The thickness of the bottom and deck plating is 1 mm. The framing system is mixed with six frames and longitudinal stringers along the bottom. The forepeak and engine compartment are separated from the cockpit by watertight bulkheads. When parked, an outboard motor can be placed in the engine compartment and the compartment is closed on top with metal covers. The forepeak with a volume of 168 liters together with a 90 liter sealed box under the stern can provides.

The boat is equipped with three transverse banks, a windshield, and wooden slatted slats. The two bow seats are equipped with reclining backrests. Below the deck in the bow there is a small trunk with a lockable lid in the bulkhead. Operation of the boat is allowed at a wave height of up to 0.25 m and a distance from the shore of up to 1000 m. When sailing in rough seas, the boat gets heavily splashed due to the low deadrise of the bottom, the low location of the chine in the bow and the absence of bilge splash guards. Due to the existing downward bend of the bottom at the transom, the MKM buries itself in the wave and tends to tip over the chine. To eliminate these shortcomings, consultants from the magazine “Boats and Yachts” recommended the installation of bilge splash guards and a transverse step. The plant made attempts to organize the production of deckhouses for the MKM motorboat, but things did not go further than prototypes. The MKM boat can be recommended for fishing with motors of the Moskva and Veterok types and for walks with more powerful motors.

In general, the MKM boat turned out to be unsuccessful. Its seaworthiness and operational safety are no better than those of the Kazanka. In addition, the MKM does not have any “zest”, that is, any positive qualities that would allow, under certain operating conditions, to give preference to the MKM over other boats.

We were given the task of designing and building a duralumin boat for large-scale production and sale to the public, designed for an outboard motor with a power of up to 25 hp. With.

This boat should replace the widespread but already outdated Kazanka. Let us remember that some other boats were developed from the same material, but they turned out to be too complex in design and did not go into mass production. It should also be taken into account that the design of the Kazanka, as well as a number of new boats, was created for development by large enterprises that have extensive experience in working with duralumin, powerful pressing equipment and sets of dies, and most importantly, capable of heat treating bending parts. Even shipyards, let alone individual teams of amateurs, often do not have such capabilities.

When developing the working drawings of the boat "MKM" (a modernized metal boat), we counted on a wide circle of amateurs, and not just on industry. So that the boat can be built at home, its design does not contain parts of complex shapes that require heat treatment when bending.

Basic data of the boat "MKM"

We did not specifically engage in the development of any special new forms of contours, but the following considerations were used as the basis for the choice of dimensions. We interviewed many owners of motorboats and came to the conclusion that the vast majority of trips are related to fishing and hunting and there are no more than three or four people on board. With the most popular engines “Moskva” and “Veterok” and a load of four people, the speeds of different boats are almost the same (14-16 km/h), so considerations of not so much propulsion as safety and comfort of navigation become decisive. In particular, the possibility of spending the night on a boat plays a significant role.

Recently, descriptions of a variety of boats have been published in the press, but they were all made of plywood or boards, so we could not find a suitable aluminum boat. The basis was taken on the MK-29 plywood boat, a description of which was given in the first issue of the collection, so the theoretical drawing and ordinate table are not given here.

The contours of the hull are sharp-chine and planing, with the chine raised quite high to reduce shock on the wave. Branches of flora sp. 1 and 2 are convex for a better fit of the skin.

To install the motor in the transom, a cutout was made to a height of 380 mm. The aft compartment is from an impenetrable bulkhead on the shp. 6 to the transom is used to store the outboard motor and its accessories. When parked, this compartment is closed by sliding lids from the sides to the DP (on the deck and on the transom).

In the aft part of the cockpit, in which three transverse cans are located, there is a sealed buoyancy compartment with a volume of 90 liters. To the nose from the impenetrable bulkhead on the shp. 1 there is a nasal sealed compartment with a volume of 168 liters. This is enough to ensure the unsinkability of a flooded boat with a motor and floating passengers holding on to it.

The compartment between the bulkheads on the sp. 1 and 2 are intended for storing personal belongings of passengers.

The windshield is made easily removable so that it can be removed not only in preparation for winter, but also for passing under low bridges and all kinds of obstacles. To remove the glass you need to give 20 screws.

The awning device was not designed, since everyone can make it according to their own discretion and taste from auxiliary materials. At the same time, factories can produce awning devices for retail chains separately. Remote control was not provided, since the industry will soon produce them together with motors.

The boat is adapted for rowing; the sub-keys are located between the sp. 2 and 3.

The boat hull is made of D16AT duralumin. The bottom and deck have a thickness of 1.5 mm, the sides are 1 mm. To reduce resistance, rivets with a barrel-shaped head are used.

The test results of the MKM boat are described in

The MKM boat is the brainchild of Yaroslavl designers. It was designed for quiet fishing on a calm river or lake. One of the rare ships in its class that can throw gear from the bow deck. The creators increased the capacity and made it possible to install engines up to 25 hp.

The main advantages are strength, reliability, spaciousness. There is no need to demand high speeds from it, since it is more of a bomber than a fighter. It knows how to move quickly under weak internal combustion engines, and does not like high ripples. At the same time, he has an even, calm disposition.

Advantages

• Stability in calm water
• Capacity
• Durability, strength
• Availability of redans
• Buoyancy reserve

Flaws

• Behavior on the wave
• Splash protection

Photo of the MKM boat:

History and goals of creation

Until 1967, the only duralumin motor boat in production domestic production was, which turned out to be insufficiently safe when installing outboard motors over 12 hp. The design is based on the plywood prototype MK 29. The development team was faced with the task of launching a duralumin vessel into series, the manufacture of which does not require complex high-temperature technological processes. So that it can be produced at any small enterprise. Moreover, everyone can assemble it with their own hands according to the drawings that are freely available.

Surveys have shown that most owners use boats for hunting and fishing. As a result, the hull design and equipment were maximally adapted to this task due to a wide cockpit, removable glass, as well as increased static stability. Thanks to the small blockages of the sides, as well as the flat-bottomed shape, it was possible to solve the problem of cross-country ability on shallow rivers and lakes. And due to the reinforced transom, the permissible engine power increased from 12 to 25 hp.

The production of the MKM motor boat was launched at small shipyards thanks to simpler assembly technology. Motorcycle boots were produced according to a single project in Yaroslavl and Kharkov, as well as in Astrakhan at the Red Barricades plant. Therefore, it is popularly known as “Yaroslavka”, “Kharkovchanka”, “Astrakhanka”. Hence all the disputes between owners regarding the bend of the bottom at the stern. Some models have it, while others do not. Instead of installing a transverse step, the plant attempted to change the profile of the vessel. As a result, curved boat models appeared.

Video of the MKM boat:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BtoTZ8i5LtU Video can’t be loaded: Review of the MKM boat, all the pros and cons (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BtoTZ8i5LtU)

Characteristics table

The technical characteristics of the modernized metal boat do not imply its sports use.

Appearance and design features

The boat is made of D 16AT duralumin using riveting and consists of 6 frames holding the stringers. Sharp chine planing contours, along with a high chine, soften the impact of the bottom on ripples. To reduce the resistance exerted by the rivets, hardware with a barrel-shaped head was selected. Between the sixth frame and the transom, the aft compartment is closed on top with sliding lids and is locked. It is designed for storing PM and is separated from the cockpit by a hygroscopic partition. There is a cutout for fastening the PM. There are bulges on the floras of the first and second frames for a tighter fit of the skin.

The buoyancy reserve is distributed into two air-sealed compartments: in the stern (90 l) and at the bow (168 l). Between the bow frames there is a trunk with a lockable lid in the bulkhead. The bottom and deck have a thickness of 1.5 mm, and the side walls are 1 mm. For the MKM boat, the stationary windshield turned out to be inconvenient, because during fishing it made it difficult to pass under overhanging tree branches and low bridges. Therefore, it was decided to make it removable. Fastening was carried out with 20 screws. As the developers wanted, the characteristics of the MKM boat are excellent for fishing on quiet ripples and family walks.

Scheme

Equipment and accessories

• Three cross banks
• On the bow bank there are two seats with reclining backs
• Windshield
• Wooden slatted floorboards
• Oars
• Scoop

Habitability

To reduce the cost of the boat, the awning was removed from the package, but in vain. Water rolls over the bow and windshield and floods the cockpit. If you manage to avoid such a situation, the driver at the tiller still receives his share of splashes. Therefore, when purchasing this watercraft, it is advisable to purchase or sew an awning. Astrakhanka is stable, but boarding passengers in the absence of a pier is difficult, since they have to walk from the deck through the windshield with wooden can seats. It's easy to slip and get injured. This can be treated by installing a windbreak gate.

The living space is spacious. Having removed the cans, the three of us can spend the night in sleeping bags. However, it is worth remembering that Kharkovchanka does not like crests larger than 25 cm. If the reservoir is characterized by rapid weather changes, it is better not to risk it. Astrakhankas are very convenient for fishing, because there is enough space inside. There are no elements to which the gear clings. You can lean on the side without fear of overkill. At big catch this is an irreplaceable quality.

Two spacious lockers provide protection for luggage from moisture. Since they are locked, the vessel does not need to be unloaded when transporting on a trailer. This reduces the time of descent and delivery to the garage after rest. Moreover, the trunks are spacious, allowing you to take with you all the necessary gear, personal protective equipment, etc. without losing useful space in the cockpit. The two bow seats are equipped with reclining backrests. This is convenient when fishing because passengers can quickly turn around and control gear. It is difficult to clear the propeller of algae due to the fact that the aft air compartment has insufficient volume; the stern sags when trying to reach the blades.

Transporting a boat

Since the weight of Yaroslavka without PM is 132 kg, it is suitable for transportation on the trunk of a car, provided that its dimensions do not protrude more than 50 cm in dimensions. At the same time, loading Yaroslavka alone onto the roof of a car is difficult if there is no automatic loader in the form of guides with a winch. Still, it is better to transport this watercraft on a trailer in accordance with the rules of the Traffic Regulations. The running awning and the transport awning reliably protect the cockpit during transportation and descent.

Unsinkability

Buoyancy reserve is provided by air-sealed compartments with a total volume of 258 liters (90 at the bow, 169 at the stern). Unlike polystyrene foam, air chambers are not afraid of gasoline and do not get wet. At the same time, in the event of a breakdown, they are not able to perform their function. The thickness of the bottom and deck is 1.5 mm. Therefore, she is not afraid of erasing the keel. The boat is strong and durable. According to the characteristics of the MKM boat, the watercraft must remain in a horizontal position when filled, ensuring the safety of four passengers afloat holding on to the boat.

Static stability is high. You can calmly sit down, stand in full height on board without fear of heeling. One of the rare designs that allows you to fish from the bow deck. At the same time, longitudinal stability remains to be improved. In 1967, the first tests were carried out at a ridge height of 30-50 cm and showed that with the Moscow PM and a team of 4 people.

The surface of the hull protruded 25 cm from the upper edge of the cutout for the internal combustion engine when fully loaded in calm water. To reduce risks, it was decided to install a waterproof bulkhead in the engine compartment. However, this measure did not give the desired results. An automatic scupper came to the rescue. Stability turned out to be high level. This has been proven by practical tests. Three out of four passengers sat on the edge of the deck. At the same time, its surface part rose above the water surface by 20 cm. If one person stood on board, no flooding or capsizing was observed.

Longitudinal stability was measured on a Whirlwind weighing 47 kg. When installing it, two passengers stood in the engine compartment. As a result, there was 10 cm to the water from the upper edge of the transom cutout. Unsinkability was tested through flooding with the replacement of the PM, instead of which a steel plate weighing 60 kg was used. The stern was under water, the stem protruding 20 cm remained on the surface. If the ballast moved to the side of the stern, positive stability was maintained without heeling.

The air volume in the compartments was sufficient to hold one person while standing on the deck. With a freeboard height of 6 cm. Due to the given characteristics of the boat, it was often used by rescue stations (when removing a person from a body of water, the ship maintained balance and guaranteed the safety of the crew).

Ride quality

On the move, at a heading of 0-45 degrees against the swell, strong splashing is observed. It grows well on the ridges. However, it is not in vain that the boat can be used at a wave height of 25 cm, because otherwise it will get buried by its bow. At full engine speed the shocks are felt, but not as much as on the Kazanka. To reduce splashing, it is enough to increase the number of passengers. With a heading of 90 degrees, the rolling is smooth, Astrakhan behaves steadily. A passing wave does not splash the stern, the internal combustion engine remains dry. At a speed of 15 km/h when turning to the right, the diameter of the circulation is 8 m, to the left - 10 m. In this case, the roll is 3°. Braking: 20 m in 30 sec. until it comes to a complete stop.

Tiller control of a boat with a 4-meter hull is inconvenient, because the driver does not see the sunken snags. It is advisable to install a remote control, which you cannot do without if you have an awning, since the protective fabric further narrows the view. Excessive engine power leads to the fact that the motorboat buries itself in the wave and has a tendency to capsize. What does not happen with permitted PM. Thanks to the light weight, as well as the low deadrise of the low bottom, it easily passes through difficult shallow areas covered with reeds. It’s quite possible to load it onto a trailer alone and drag it across the shallows.

Since the assembly was carried out not at an aviation enterprise, but at small shipbuilding plants. As a result of the rivet steel weak point, because they become loose on the move from impacts. Therefore, you need to periodically check the quality of the seams. To do this, just whitewash the outside of the boat with chalk and pour a small amount of liquid into the cockpit. The chalk coating will immediately show where there are leaks, even if no drops are visible. According to owner reviews, it is safer and more convenient due to the wide body and almost flat bottom. When properly stored, Yaroslavka is resistant to corrosion.

It reaches glide at 12-horsepower Veterok with two passengers. Four is already too much. The advantage of Kharkovchanok and Astrakhanok is that, given their dimensions, they confidently run under low-power engines. This provides significant savings on fuel. When trying to install the remote control, owners are faced with the fact that the torpedo is not initially installed. You have to resort to tuning. True, for recreational activities with pucks and skis, it’s worth looking for another option. Astrakhan cars are designed for a quiet ride and a calm walk.

The debate continues about the presence of deflection in the aft part of the bottom. Some owners say that it is, others say that it is not. This is due to the fact that production was carried out at three factories. Initially, the deflection was supposed to press the stern to the water for easier access to planing. However, in practice it leads to a decrease in speed and yaw. Back in Soviet times, craftsmen proposed a solution to this problem in the form of a transverse step. When installing it, the wetted area is reduced, cornering control is improved, it is easier to glide, and Astrakhanka runs faster than before the tuning.

Why are Yaroslavkas good?

• Soft move
• In the wind the windage is invisible
• You can stand across the current
• It is convenient to fish with nonsense. They don't cling to anything, because... the body is completely open
• Shallow draft

You should not go out to sea on them, as well as on reservoirs, where a sudden change in weather may cause storms with crests higher than 30 cm. For this reason, the recommended distance from the shore is only 1 km.

Speed ​​table

Test result at a distance of 500 m under the Moskva engine

Comparative analysis of Johnson and Tohatsu motors

Comparative analysis of engines Neptune-23, Whirlwind-20, Mercury 25, Tohatsu (Nissan) 18

Under the motor

Comparing engine descriptions, we can say that it is more profitable to use Tohatsu, since it consumes a minimum amount of fuel. However, domestic models cost an order of magnitude less and are cheaper to maintain. The safety margin of the MKM transom cannot withstand excess power and is prone to cracking. And since AMG cannot be welded, repair work can only be done through rivets.

Under Whirlwind 30 at maximum load, the Yaroslavka's contours begin to work as expected. If the PM is weaker, the wave passes not through the nose, but through the bottom, breaking the rivets. It is better to slow down gradually. Over 32 km/h driving becomes extreme character, therefore it is not recommended to exceed the recommended value. With a power of 25 hp. reaches glide with a load of 300-400 kg. Doesn't like sudden maneuvers. A hull with a low deadrise bottom begins to lower its bow and dig as speed increases. When adding gas, Yaroslavka will not run faster.

Under the oars

For rowing, the backrests of the front seats are removed. The oar stroke is soft. the sub-clasps are located between 2 and 3 sp. For quiet running, it is advisable to use plastic gaskets that reduce noise from friction of metal parts.

On the wave

With crests over 30 cm it yaws, and with crests up to 50 cm it burrows into the water, flooding the cockpit. When there are strong ripples, the engine runs at full throttle to avoid diving. Smooth ride only on calm water. Splashing is observed at 50 cm ridges, and at 30 cm, beating is felt, especially on the front banks. By modernizing the hull and equipping it with a transverse step, the situation improves.

Prices

Prices for the boat “MKM” on Avitorange from 20 to 425 thousand rubles. Assortment presented directly on Avito , not rich. This indicates that used sales Gliders of this class are rare, the owners do not want to part with their watercraft. Price different, representatives of any social strata will be able to choose a good option for themselves.

The Yaroslavl Shipbuilding Plant began producing the rather famous MKM boat back in 1968, it is known to this day due to its simplicity and high rates reliability. The boat was produced as an improved version of the Kazanka; the manufacturer chose duralumin as the material. Unlike Kazanka, the new boat has the ability to operate with engines up to 25 hp.

But based on operating experience, it is still unsafe to equip a boat with 25 hp engines. power, because this reduced seaworthiness, and impacts with the bow on the water became more frequent. The result of this was the cockpit getting wet. The boat felt great in calm waters at a distance from the shore of up to 1 km.

“MKM” became an excellent replacement for the “Kazanka” boat, which then turned out to be not safe enough. Also from the previous model, the new product received a body design and even equipment. The main model for the development of the new MKM was the MK-29 boat, which had suitable flat-keeled bottom contours.

The main material was alloy grade D16AT; riveted construction was used. The bottom plating and deck received an average thickness of 1 mm. There is a sufficient engine compartment, when parked, you can easily install an outboard motor, after which the compartment is closed with metal covers. The manufacturer states that the forepeak has a volume of 168 liters, the boat holds water well and is practically unsinkable.

Purpose and history of creation. Advantages and disadvantages of the boat

The MKM brand boat is in great demand among fishermen and hunters, since the transport can be used on shallow rivers and lakes. Due to the fact that it was produced in several cities, you can often hear people using such names as “Kharkovchanka”, “Astrakhanka” and “Yaroslavka” in honor of the manufacturing cities. It is because of this that transport has some differences, since each enterprise manufactured it in its own way, despite the existing scheme. Thanks to this, we were able to see the transport with a certain bend.

The goal of the transport developers was to create a boat made of duralumin. It is this material that does not require high-temperature technical processes. In addition, it had to be folded according to patterns so that it could be produced in small factories or at home, if all the parts were available.

Like any transport, the MKM boat has its advantages and disadvantages. The advantages of the vehicle include:

1. Weight and capacity.
2. Strength.
3. Stability in calm water.

As for negative factors, there are two of them:

1. Spray often ends up in the boat.
2. Transport behaves terribly on the waves.

Technical characteristics of the MKM boat

The dimensions of the boat play a vital role in its operation, so the MKM boat has a maximum length of 4.1 meters, a width of 1.52 meters, and at the midship the side height is 0.57 mm. If you install the equipment and supplies on the boat, the weight of the boat will be 150 kg.

The dimensions make it possible to accommodate up to 4 people in the boat, because the maximum carrying capacity is 400 kg. The maximum power of the engine used, indicated by the manufacturer, is 25 hp. s, but it was clarified above that it is better to use less powerful motors.

Even with the boat fully loaded and the motor running at 25 horsepower her maximum speed will reach a considerable 32 km/h.

How was the boat created?

The history of the fairly popular MKM boat began back in the 60s, because at that time most fishermen and ordinary users could only use an ordinary cauldron. This option was limited in engine power (up to 12 hp) and did not allow certain tasks to be performed. That is why engineers began developing a new model, and why in 1968 the world saw a new motor boat MKM. The Yaroslavl plant was considered the developer, and this invention was based on two models - the Kazanka boat and an older version called MK-29.
Boat MKM The need to create a new boat was clear, because the old version was unsafe and a more reliable alloy was required. Also, if a more powerful motor is used on the Kazanka, it may not withstand such operation. And the new MKM has thought through these nuances, although the general structure of the case remains the same. Differences in the design include more filled-up sides in the inner part of the end, and the bottom also received a flat-keeled shape. Because of the manufacturing plant, fishermen began to call the new boat “Yaroslavka”.

Thanks to the improved hull, it became possible to install a motor with a power of up to 25 hp on the boat. But users responded poorly to this decision to install the maximum permissible motor. Indeed, in this case, movement on rivers or small bodies of water was quite inconvenient. In the presence of waves, water entered the cockpit and onto passengers.

Detailed review

If you look at the MKM boat, the photos allow you to highlight the rather well-thought-out shape of the hull; standard factory glass helps a lot in its operation. When buying a boat, be sure to pay attention to its quality and assembly; today, stores offer a huge number of defective or counterfeit models.

A noticeable drawback of the MKM boat can be considered a bottom with a flat deadrise, which was only 2 degrees. Because of this, the stability of the boat was insufficient for some actions on the water. Also about the MKM boat, reviews say that the manufacturer did not think through the cheekbones well, which were not located high enough.

To solve this problem, it may be necessary to install additional intakes; they reflect splashes and allow you to operate the boat more confidently.

Initially, the boat was developed at the factory for simple purposes, so it is better to travel on small rivers and lakes. For large bodies of water, use with caution and move away from the shore by a maximum of 1000 meters. Before use, it is important to understand that the MKM must be operated at a wave height of up to 30 cm. Otherwise, the procedure will be unsafe, so you should not go out to sea or a large body of water on a boat.

But the shortcomings end there; the boat is really worth attention and is in demand. IN standing position owners note excellent stability. For example, this is an important indicator for fishermen. For better buoyancy, they decided to place the blocks on the boat in two places.

Boat modification

Over the years of operation, many owners have learned to independently repair and modify MKM boats. In the original version, an excessive bend of the bottom part is proposed, and to get rid of this you can do the following:

1. We remove the rivet seams that secure the skin itself, sides and stringers.
2. Next, the transom part and the bent element need to be cut by 8 mm, and the existing part of the partition for the engine compartment should be cut by 3 mm.
3. Similarly, you can shorten the edges of the side plates, namely those that interact with the cheekbone.
4. For some time, you can assemble this kit using bolts; you need to press the sheathing sheets to the kit. Experts recommend using a metal ruler.
5. It is imperative to expand the rivet sockets to 4.2 mm.
6. Sealing tape is laid and the seams are fixed, always with new rivets.

Seaworthiness characteristics of the MKM boat

When using a large motor and the stated characteristics of the hull, it is better not to use the MKM boat in large waves and at long distances. Fishermen advise using it in still water or completely calm conditions. The seaworthiness is stated as follows:

• • Maximum wave height for a boat is 25 cm;

• • Optimal bodies of water for use are lakes, small rivers, pond;

• • It is recommended to sail no further than 1 km from the shore;

• The optimal engine power is 18 hp, if more, the ship can easily capsize.

MKM boat, top and side views The photos of the MKM boat show in as much detail as possible that the shape and size of the vessel are not designed for large waves or long trips. In particular, this is limited by the following design disadvantages:

• • complete absence of splash guards;

• • minimal deadrise;

• The cheekbones on the boat are located quite low.