Construction of a sports ground for playing badminton. Badminton court. Barrier and dividing nets

You can play badminton almost anywhere. This is one of the most democratic sports, which can be practiced anywhere. No wonder it is so popular as an option for a country holiday. To play badminton in nature, all you need to do is take your rackets and shuttlecock with you on your trip. Read about how to choose a badminton racket for beginners in our.

However, as in any other sport, there is one “but”. It is still better to practice badminton - despite all its democracy - on specially equipped grounds. And in order to play badminton at a professional and not an amateur level, specialized sites simply necessary.

Just like street yard football, in which boys kick a ball around the yard on a site they themselves have equipped, is different from professional sports, which attracts stadiums, so badminton “in the clearing” differs from the real game. It's enough to play once sports badminton on a specially equipped site to experience the full depth of this difference. Having once tried the game on a professional court, in full compliance with all the rules, you are unlikely to want to return to the court level of play again. That is why those who want to play badminton in special gyms It's getting bigger year by year. Not to mention the fact that in our harsh climate, only halls provide the opportunity to play badminton at any time of the year and regardless of weather conditions.

Venues where you can play badminton in Moscow

Living in Moscow, you can join this sport in several main districts of the capital.

For everyone who lives or works in the center, it will be most convenient to visit, located in close proximity to the Chistye Prudy metro station.

For those who live along the blue line of the metro, the best option would be classes in, located near Elektrozavodskaya, Semyonovskaya and Baumanskaya stations.

Residents of the Eastern Administrative District and Reutov will be able to play badminton in Moscow, and Sokolnikov is closest to the residents. The first is located between Rizhskaya and Maryina Roshcha, and the second is between Mira Avenue and RGSU.

Group training in the club (in the south of Moscow, Shabolovskaya metro station) and the club (several halls in the north-west of Moscow) are very popular.

If you decide to find a suitable badminton court for yourself, our articles will suit you:

Where should we start getting acquainted? To do this, it is better to go to the place where the shuttlecock players compete and look at everything carefully. You will see (Fig. 1 ) that a badminton court is a rectangle 13,40 X 6,10 m for doubles play and 13,40 X 5,18 m for single. It is divided into two equal parts, as in tennis or volleyball. The rectangle is divided in half by a fine mesh stretched between two posts. Grid width 76 cm. The dimensions of its cells 1.9 sq. cm. The mesh is usually green (against this background the shuttlecock is clearly visible), made of twisted twine, the thickness of which 0.8 mm. The mesh has a double edging made of white fabric. There are cords at the upper and lower edges of the mesh, with the help of which it is pulled between the posts. Height from floor to top edge of mesh 155 cm. The height of the racks, as you probably already guessed, is also 155 cm. If the game takes place in the hall, the racks are secured with guy wires. When played outdoors, the stands are secured with spikes that go into the ground. You can also use racks with a so-called heavy base. We usually see such stands during major competitions. For example, in the Druzhba universal sports hall in Luzhniki.

Rice. 1

Now let's look at the layout of the site:

1 - right service field in a single game; 2 - left field of service in a single game; 3 - right service field in doubles; 4 - left service field in doubles; 5 - back line of the site; 6 - side line in singles play; 7 - side line in doubles play; 8 - short serve line, you cannot serve into the area between this line and the net; 9 - center line; 10 - back service line for doubles.

The site markings are usually applied with white paint. You can also use a special marking tape for this. It should be remembered that the width of the marking lines (4 cm) is included directly in the dimensions of the site.

How to equip a badminton court in a regular school gym? Let's say the size of the hall is 24X 12 m. Most school halls have these dimensions. Two combined platforms will not fit the width of the hall. But you can find a rational solution: draw a combined and single area back to back. It's done like this. At a distance of about a meter from the side wall (where the windows are located), a combined area is marked - for doubles and singles. The single court is then designated so that the outer sideline of the combination court also serves as the single court sideline. This rather simple rationalization makes it possible for a larger number of schoolchildren to play badminton at the same time and immediately conduct competitions on two single courts. After all, there is a corridor of 0.46 m between them. The platforms must be located in such a way that the light from the windows falls from the side: the shuttlecock will be clearly visible during the game.

Badminton courts are available for single player size 13.4x5.18 and for doubles play 13.4x6.1 meters. The surface of the site must be flat without holes or bumps. Width of marking lines - 4cm. These days, everything official competitions carried out indoors. The site illumination standard is 300 lux. The ceiling height in the hall must be at least 9 meters. The distance between the platforms is 1.5 meters in width and 2 meters in length. The mesh is woven from twine 0.8 mm thick or thinner nylon thread with cells - 1.9 sq. cm. Mesh length 6m 10cm, width - 76cm. The top edge has a white border, 7.5 cm wide.

Choosing a place to play badminton

When it's a nice day, playing badminton outside is a real pleasure. Charge Have a good mood, vigor, health. At first, you can limit yourself to lightly flipping the shuttlecock. But, of course, it is better to play by all the rules. And for this you need to equip a simple platform.

How to choose a place to play? Here are some tips. Since the shuttlecock only returns from the air, therefore, compared to, say, tennis court The surface of a clay badminton court may not be that smooth. It is enough if there are no ruts, holes, stones and tree roots do not protrude. You need to clear a space in the yard one meter larger than the outline of the site. It would be good if the site was sandy and clayey. It dries faster after rain and is easier to keep in order.

To set up a badminton court, it is better to choose a place protected from the wind, so that the sun does not dazzle during the game. Therefore, it must be positioned along its length from north to south. Then you can play both morning and evening.

Our country has great opportunities for gaming fresh air all year round, and above all in the Central Asian republics, Kuban, Caucasus and Crimea. But it is quite possible to play badminton on open areas and in the central zone of our country. And even in winter. Thus, in a picturesque forest near the Razdory station, not far from Moscow, through the efforts of enthusiasts, among whom the most active were engineers Radiy Okunev and his wife Tamara, pensioner Grigory Semenovich Novikov, leading specialist of the food industry design institute Evgeny Larin, candidate of technical sciences Valery Kulachkin, There are areas for playing shuttlecock. This unique forest badminton stadium is never empty. They play here all year round.

The markings of the court lines, since they play in any weather, were made with metal pipes, placing them in special gutters, so that the pipes do not interfere with movement around the court during the game.

Friendship with badminton in Discord does not cool even in the winter cold. There are some exciting tournaments going on. The age of the competition participants is from 8 to 80 years. Whole families come here. Parents will pass on their love of badminton to their children. Many of those young athletes who started in Razdory are now training in the capital sports sections and achieve noticeable success in competitions. Here, one of the strongest young badminton players in the country, Oleg Okunev, the son of Radiy Okunev, began his journey in badminton.

So get out into the open. Moreover, the new rules of badminton competitions make it possible to fulfill the second sports category when playing outdoors.

Badminton halls

In open areas you can not only play for your health, but also learn the skill of the game. But all the most important international and all-Union badminton competitions are held in the halls. Moreover, in halls that house at least four platforms. The higher the hall, the better it is, of course, for the game.

Recently, the International Badminton Federation introduced new standards for gyms for major international competitions. If previously the ceiling height could be 7.5 m, now it is at least 9 m. The requirement for the distance between courts equipped next to each other has also changed. Now this interval should be 2 m.

And what is essential for playing badminton is that there must be enough light in the hall.

In countries where badminton has been cultivated for decades, magnificent halls for the game have been built. For example, “Senayan Sports Palace” - the Badminton Palace in the capital of Indonesia - Jakarta, by the way, built with the help of Soviet builders. The floors in foreign halls are usually parquet, most often brown, and the markings are made with white lines. In general, it is best suited for badminton court the floor is green. This color, according to oculists, is the most natural and favorable for vision. It is the floor of this color in one of our best halls - in the Dnipropetrovsk club "Meteor", where all-Union competitions are often held.

But time moves forward. Badminton courts are also being improved. Synthetic materials called “uni-turf”, “poly-turf” and “biltturf” are used to cover them. Such coverings can be rolled into a carpet and transferred to any hall where badminton competitions are held. Synthetic turf areas are laid in one of our best sports facilities- in the universal gym “Druzhba” Central Stadium them. V. I. Lenin.

In “Druzhba”, which is not inferior to the best foreign facilities of this type, in addition to the main arena, designed for 4,500 spectators, there are 4 training halls. In these halls in May 1982, for the first time in our country, on 16 sites at once, mass badminton competitions were held for the prizes of the Sports Games magazine. 516 people took part in the competition at all stages. Has already taken place here international tournament for the prizes of the newspaper “Literary Russia”, in which such famous athletes, like Swedish players Kristen Magnusson, Maya Bensson, Englishmen Paula Kilvington, Helena Troke, Duncan Bridge, Danes Martin Svarrer and Bent Sveningsen, as well as the strongest Soviet badminton players.

Badminton - view sports game, the meaning of which is to throw the shuttlecock over the net until it falls to the ground. Simplicity of the rules high level excitement and passion, the lack of high demands on players and uniforms made it popular all over the world.

Story

History speaks of the existence of a prototype of the game back in the 5th century BC. In Ancient China, there was a form of entertainment that consisted of holding a shuttlecock in the air for as long as possible. Rackets were not used at that time. They kicked the shuttlecock with their feet.

Later, analogues of such entertainment spread to Japan and Greece, and then to India, where rackets were first used. Ripe cherries were used as a shuttlecock, then dried apples. In the 19th century, English officers from India brought the game to their homeland in England. The first prototype of the shuttlecock was a bottle cap with chicken feathers stuck in it.

In 1873, Charles Somerset created the first playground, where he organized competitions in tossing the shuttlecock with rackets. The rules of badminton were first officially formulated by the established association in 1893 in England.

The BWF World Association was founded in 1934. The first competitions for men's teams began to take place in 1947, and for women's teams in 1955.

International tournaments began to be held in the 60s of the 20th century. 1977 became a key year thanks to the holding of the first official World Championship. In 1992, this sport was included in the regulations of the Olympic Games.

Basic Concepts

Player – an athlete playing badminton, dressed in accordance with the current requirements, using the appropriate equipment.

A match is a tournament between two or pairs of opponents.

Doubles match is a 2x2 player tournament.

Single match – 1v1 tournament.

The server is the athlete who serves the shuttlecock.

Receiver – the athlete who receives the serve.

Court is a specially marked area for games.

A rally is a series of blows after a serve until the shuttlecock goes out of play.

A hit is a special movement of a racket on a shuttlecock, as a result of which it flies towards the opponent.

Game field

It is necessary to use a specially marked area 5.18x13.40. Marking lines should be white or yellow, and their width should be 4 cm for better visibility.

Distances for main lines:

• The near lines are located on both sides of the middle of the court at a distance of 1.98 m.
• The far lines are marked at a distance of 3.88 m from the near ones on both sides of the center of the field.
• The back lines limit the length of the court; they are 0.72 m away from the far line.
• The side lines are parallel to the length of the field: for single serves - at a distance of 0.42 m from the line of double serves. The middle line is drawn parallel to the length of the field between the back line and near zones.

The net is fixed to posts in the center of the field. Their height is 1.55 m from the site surface. As racks, it is allowed to use durable structures with a transverse diameter of no more than 4 cm, so as not to extend beyond the width of the marking line.

It is necessary to use a mesh with a width of 0.76 m and a height of 6.1 m. The following cell sizes are acceptable: 1.5x1.5 cm or 2x2 cm. The upper edge must be covered with white tape, the width of which is 7.5 cm. It is folded along the length in half, and a cord is laid inside.

The net is stretched so that the top line is 1.55 m from the side lines for doubles and 1.524 m from the center of the court. That is, the level of sagging should not exceed 2.6 cm. Gaps between the mesh and the stand are not acceptable.

A referee tower is installed near the net. It is important to place it at a distance of 50-100 cm from the stand; the seat should be at a height of 1.55-1.7 m.

Inventory used

Rackets and shuttlecocks are used for the game. The shuttlecock is made from natural or synthetic materials (provided the characteristics are identical to the natural material). The head is a cork with leather trim. Basic parameters of the shuttlecock:

• Number of feathers – 16, length from end to top – 6.2-7.0 cm;
• The circle that is formed by the feathers is 5.8-6.8 cm in diameter;
• The feathers are attached to the head using thread or other similar materials;
• Head diameter 2.5-2.8 cm;
• The weight of the shuttlecock is 4.74-5.5 g.

Synthetic shuttlecocks are made with imitation feathers and similar natural parameters. The differences should not exceed 10%.

Before playing, the shuttlecock must be tested for flight speed. To do this, a low blow is performed with the racket up and forward from the back line along the sideline. The drop of a good shuttlecock should be 0.53-0.99 m from the opposite baseline.

The dimensions of the racket are 0.68x0.23 m. Structurally, it consists of the following parts:

• Handles;
• Surfaces with a stretched string;
• Heads;
• Rod;
• Adapter (not always present in the design).

The surface with the string is an oval plane 28x22 cm. In some designs, tension through the adapter is allowed if its width is no more than 3.5 cm and the length of the entire surface is no more than 33 cm.

There should be no protrusions or fixed objects on the racket that are not provided for by the rules. Protrusions are allowed that prevent string wear, damage, changes in balance, and increased vibrations. Changes that allow the player to gain advantages are not permitted.

Equipment issues are dealt with by the International or National Federation badminton At the initiative of the Federation, regulation can be carried out by judges, players, sponsors, and manufacturers.

1v1 badminton rules

Before the start of the competition, players must go through a draw. The winning athlete gets the right to choose one of the following:

• Side on the court;
• Right to serve first or second.

The loser gets the remaining point. There will then be 2 minutes of warm-up time before the start of the match.

Matches consist of three games, a victory is considered to be the winning of one of the competing 2 games. 21 points are played in one game. If both players receive 20 points, the game continues until one of them gains a 2-point advantage. With a score of 29:29, the one who gets the 30th point wins.

A win is also counted if the opponent violates the rules or the shuttlecock goes out of play and touches the opponent's side. The winner gets first serve in the next game.

Sides are changed in the following cases:

• After game No. 1.
• After the completion of game No. 2, subject to the start of game No. 3.
• During game No. 3, after one of the players scores 11 points.

If the change did not take place on time, then it is done immediately after discovering this fact at the moment when the shuttlecock is out of play, while maintaining the score.

The serve is carried out immediately after the players have taken their places on the field and the opponent is ready to receive the serve. The forward movement of the racket touching the shuttle indicates that the serve will now be made. It is considered completed after hitting the shuttle with the racket or in case of a miss.

If the receiver is not ready, the serve is prohibited. However, in the event of an attempt to parry the blow, it is considered that he was ready. In doubles games, partners are prohibited from blocking the server from the opponent or occupying places that impair the visibility of the serve.

The serve is made from the right side of your own half of the court. Both players must be on the right side when the server this moment has a zero score or an even number of points. On the left side of the half court, a reception or pass is carried out at a time when the server has an odd number of points.

The rules prohibit the following actions when submitting:

• Unjustified delays when the opponent is ready to receive and return the serve;
• Step on the boundary lines, leave the fields located diagonally;
• Move around the court when serving;
• Serve without touching the shuttlecock with the racket;
• Place the shuttlecock at a level above the waist before hitting;
• When hitting, point the racket shaft to the side or up;
• Use the racket to move backwards or to the sides;
• Miss the shuttlecock.

Rules for playing through the net in pairs

In pairs, reception and serve are performed in the following order:

• The first serve is made from the right side of the field (score 0:0 or an even number of points).
• When the score is odd, serves are made from the left side of the court.
• Initially, pairs of allies and opponents are located on their half on each side of the grid in certain areas marked with white lines.
• Feeding is carried out diagonally.
• The receiving player is positioned on the diagonally opposite part of the court.
• The rules prohibit changing the field before a point is played.

Hitting the shuttlecock is carried out according to the butterfly principle: the allies take turns hitting the shuttlecock in their half of the field. The rally continues until the shuttlecock hits the court surface or stays in the net. After the serve and return, the deflection can be made by players from any part of their half of the field.

The point won is credited to the pair. After winning the pair's draw, the opponents change halves of the field. If the serving side of the rally wins, it becomes the server on the other side of the court. If the serving side loses the rally, then it becomes the receiving side, and the receiving side becomes the server.

The serve from the first server is made diagonally towards the first receiver. The reflection occurs towards a teammate of the serving team, who hits the shuttlecock to the second receiver. If the shuttlecock is hit by the second receiver, then the first server will then hit and so on.

Any player who wins a winning point has first serve at the start of the next game. In a pair of opponents who have lost the game, one of the two players can take first.

It is prohibited for a couple to serve or receive the shuttlecock out of turn. It is prohibited for one player from the allied team to make two serves at the same time. The exception is mistakes made that are regulated by the rules.

Badminton: competition rules

When played, the shuttlecock is reflected by the opponents until it leaves the game. If the server wins, he gets a point and serves from another part of the service field, and if the receiver wins, he gets a point and serves.

When serving, the server and receiver must be on the same diagonal of the court, and it is unacceptable to change it until a point is played. When hitting the shuttle, both players can be anywhere in their respective parts of the field.

When submitting, the following actions are not allowed and are considered erroneous:

• Failure to respect the queue;
• Being in an inappropriate part of the court.

If errors are discovered, they must be corrected immediately and the account must also be brought into compliance.

When serving, the shuttlecock should not cling or get stuck in the net or hang on the tape. During a game, it is unacceptable for the shuttlecock to fly out of bounds. playing field, flew under or through the net, touched the structures of the hall, the clothes of opponents, as well as foreign objects.

The following is considered a violation of the rules:

• Failure to comply with the requirements for serving;
• Catching or hitting a shuttlecock with your hands;
• Catching and holding the shuttlecock in the racket net and then throwing it to the opponent;
• Double hitting with a racket by one player;
• Touching the posts, mesh with clothing or body;
• Reducing the mesh tension level;
• Invading the opponent's field with a racket or body, unless we are talking about hitting the shuttlecock with the racket to the opponent's side;
• Distracting a player from the game by any means, interfering with hitting the shuttlecock.

The shuttlecock is considered out of play in a number of the following situations:

• When hitting the post and falling onto the playing court surface from the side from which the serve was made or the batting was performed;
• Touching the surface of the court outside the limits marked by lines;
• Announcement of “disputed”, “stop” or “foul”.

"Disputed" is declared by the referee or player if there is no referee present. The “Stop” command is required before this command. The appointment of a “disputed” is carried out in the following cases:

• A serve was made when the receiver was not ready;
• Opponents simultaneously violate at least one of the rules;
• The shuttlecock gets caught on the partition, gets stuck in it or hangs;
• The shuttlecock is damaged: feathers fall out, the head is destroyed or cracked, the feathers are separated from the head;
• The game is stopped by the referee's command, the player is distracted by the opposing coach;
• The judges are unable to make a unanimous decision;
• In the event of an unusual situation.

In an uncertain situation, the game is stopped and the draw is not taken into account. The server makes a new serve.

Badminton games continue until the matches are over, that is, continuously with the opening serve until one of the opponents wins. An exception may be either a break or a temporary stop.

Breaks are allowed in all matches; their duration should not exceed 1 minute per game after one of the opponents scores 11 points. Between the 2nd and 3rd games, the duration of the break increases to 2 minutes. By mutual agreement of the players, pauses can be reduced.

Stoppages are allowed in the event of unforeseen circumstances that are beyond the control of the opponents, but affect their play. The referee suspends the game for the time required to restore normal match conditions.

Delays are unacceptable in any case. The referee carefully monitors that they do not occur and determines the intentionality of the actions of the players or fans. When a stop occurs, the score is saved and the resumption occurs from it.

Opponents may leave the playing court after the start of the match only with the permission of the referee or during breaks. During a shuttlecock out of play, consultation with the coach is allowed.

The rules prohibit players from performing a number of actions:

• Delay or intentionally interrupt the progress of a competition;
• Be late or late for a game after a break;
• Make changes to the design of a shuttlecock or racket in order to improve or worsen its standard characteristics;
• Conduct inappropriately: insult an opponent, referee staff, coach or fans;
• Commit illegal acts prohibited by the rules.

To stop violations, the referee can issue a warning by showing a yellow card, or declare a foul by showing a red card. Two or more violations in a row are considered systematic, in which case a red card is shown a second time, a report on the incident is generated to the chief referee, and a decision on punishment is made.

Equipment of the judges

The badminton rules define a uniform uniform for the refereeing staff. The top of the clothing can be a T-shirt with short or long sleeves in dark blue (closer to black) with the corresponding logos, coat of arms and letter abbreviation. Bottom: black trousers. Black shoes are used as footwear; women should wear models with flat soles.

For personal use, each judge has a stopwatch with a ribbon to wear around his neck, a tablet for recording scores and tournament events, and a writing instrument (pen or pencil).

Responsibilities of referees before the tournament

Before the start of the competition, judges must perform a number of actions:

• Take the protocol from the chief judge.
• Check the counters for functionality.
• Check the position of the posts and mesh.
• Ensure that the mesh height complies with the regulations.
• Find out additional conditions of the match and what to do if the shuttlecock hits the net, supports or other obstacles.
• Know the positions of the referees on the field.
• Provide a sufficient number of shuttlecocks for the tournament: prepare them in advance, make sure they comply with the rules.
• Check the players' uniforms, point out possible violations, monitor compliance with the requirements for their elimination, consult with match representatives if controversial issues arise.
• Draw lots between the players and check their correct placement on the court.
• When playing doubles, record in the protocol the names of team members playing on the right side of the field.

Responsibilities of judges

The chair umpire announces the start of the match. Once it has started, he should be guided only by the accepted terminology of the game. After the serve is played, the server must be the first to announce the score and also record the data in the score sheet.

When appointing a serve judge, the one on the tower must monitor possible mistakes by the receiver. In addition, you need to keep an eye on the game counters. In case of controversial situations, consult with the chief judge.

When the serve changes, the referee announces the players changing halves of the court. In accordance with the rules, he must announce the need for stops and fouls.

Between games of the game, the referee announces breaks. At this time, he monitors the wiping of the court. During long breaks, he makes sure that no more than 2 people are present on the court, and after announcing the 20-second remainder, he makes sure that they leave it.

Before the start of the game, the score is announced and the command “Play”.

When the opponents do not require a break, the game continues continuously.

After one of the pair of opponents reaches 20 points, the referee announces the continuation of the game. After the end of the game, the appropriate command must be sounded.

The referee ensures that players' and fans' phones do not ring on the court. If the rules are violated, appropriate punishment is applied.

Line judging

During the game, the line judge is responsible for enforcing the rules along the line. He bears full responsibility for decisions made about the shuttlecock leaving the game. If for some reason he did not see where the shuttlecock fell, then the judge on the tower announces an out or “disputed”.

At the same time, in the game he must correctly evaluate events:

• If a player hits the opponent's half under the net when hitting the shuttlecock, then he is considered an offender.
• When a shuttlecock enters the field from an adjacent playing field, it should not be considered “disputed” if the chair umpire considers that the players did not notice it and it did not distract them from the game.
• An opponent who shouts something at his partner does not necessarily distract from the game if the shuttlecock is on his side, but if it is on the opposite side, it is considered a violation.

Advice from coaches, fans or other persons is not permitted during the game.

The referee must ensure that the coaches are seated and not near the playing field and are not distracting the opponents. If violations are found, it is declared “controversial.”

The shuttlecock is replaced in the game only when truly necessary in accordance with the rules. Reasons for this action include the presence of visual damage or changes in flight speed. If deliberate actions are detected on the part of the players, punishment will be applied.

The decision on what the shuttlecock's flight speed should be in a tournament is made by the chief judge. If players want to change the speed of the shuttlecock, they must inform the judge about this, and then make a general decision.

If during the game one of the opponents is injured, the referee must determine how serious it is. If necessary, the chief judge is involved if the decision is difficult to make.

A doctor or specialist is called to the court to determine the type of injury and its possible consequences. Reports injuries or illness, after which the athlete makes a decision about further play.

The judge on the tower reports a forced break and monitors the countdown using a stopwatch. In case of refusal to play, the victory is counted to the opponent.

Match schemes

Matches can be played according to one of the following schemes:

• Circular;
• With elimination;
• Mixed.

Circular diagram

Based on the rivalry of one participant with the others. The one with the most wins wins.

If the number of participating athletes is large, they are divided into groups. Allocation is based on a draw. First, the winners in the groups are determined, and then drawings are held between them. When collecting the same number of victories, the one who wins the duel among themselves wins.

If there are three or more matches in the victories of the participants, the victory is counted according to the difference in winning and losing matches. If necessary, a personal meeting is held.

With elimination

The elimination scheme is based on the elimination of a participant after the first loss of the match. The winner of the competition is the one who has never lost.

In the table, the placement is based on the strongest, selected according to certain indicators. The strongest ones are usually placed in different tables.

If athletes whose number exceeds the estimated number for a particular match wish to take part, then qualifying tournaments are held. The principle of passage is the same as in the main scheme. The number of qualifying participants should not be higher than 1/8 of the total number of participants in the main table. Otherwise, the tournament takes place in 2 stages.

If there are free places in the standings, participants enter it by drawing lots.

Mixed scheme

It is based on holding several rounds with elimination, on the basis of which tables of participants among the winners and losers are formed. Eights or fours play for prizes using a round-robin method.

Also, the scheme can be implemented first according to the round-robin method, and then according to the elimination principle.

Rules of the game of badminton briefly for schoolchildren

For schoolchildren, the requirements of badminton are more flexible than in tournaments. You can play singles or doubles tournaments. A field with dense soil or asphalt, level, without foreign structures and objects, marked with white lines and having the appropriate dimensions specified in these rules, is suitable as a site.

School gyms are also allowed to be used. The main thing is to ensure the safety of the game to avoid injuries.

In the middle of the field, the net should be pulled over special supports. The top edging should be stitched with a white line that is clearly visible. The cell sizes are the same as those described in the current rules of the game: 15x15 mm or 20x20 mm.

The following clothing must be worn:

• Tight or slightly loose T-shirt with long or short sleeves.
• Shorts or pants that allow free movement around the site.
• Sneakers or sneakers with flat soles.
• When playing in open areas, wear a sun cap or visor.

In the game, the main task is to hit the shuttlecock with a racket towards the opponent's half until he misses the racket, and also to prevent the shuttlecock from falling on his own half of the court.

Submission rules

In the game, both opponents must be within the court bounded by the lines. The first serve is made diagonally. During the flight, the shuttlecock should not fly out of the field and not touch the net.

The racket must be held with your dominant hand so that 4 fingers completely encircle the handle, and the thumb is on top and holds it securely. For a larger girth, you need to spread your fingers a little. The hand should actively work when striking.

The shuttlecock is served by turning the left shoulder towards the net, left leg in front, body weight transferred to the right leg. The shuttlecock should be held in your free hand by the edges, then tossed a little and bounced to the opponent’s side with a direct blow from the racket so that it does not touch the net during the flight.

The shuttlecock can be hit from the left or right. The right blow in the game is performed with the back of the hand towards you with the racket directed forward, and the left blow is performed with the inside of the hand towards you, the blow is also carried out forward towards the net.

The shuttlecock can be returned when it has dropped approximately 30 cm below the net. The movement of the hand with the racket is carried out forward and upward. Underhand shots are also allowed, but they require sufficient experience in this game.

Basic Rules

Singles and doubles games are played in 2 (if one of the opponents gains an advantage of two games) or 3 games. The score is kept up to 21 points. When opponents score 20 points in a game, an additional game is provided, which is won by the one who wins by 2 points. If the score is 29:29, then the first player to score 30 points wins.

The server is determined by drawing lots. The winner has the right to choose the first server or side of the court. The loser makes the remaining choice.

A player serves correctly if:

• There were no delays in filing.
• Did not step beyond the boundary lines of his zone.
• When serving, the shuttlecock was placed below the waist line.
• The direction of the blow is from bottom to top so that the shuttlecock does not touch the net and falls on the opponent’s side.
• The opponent is ready to receive the serve.

Opponents change places if:

• The opening game is over.
• The 3rd game was set.
• In the 3rd game after one of the opponents scores 11 points.

A violation (foul) is registered if:

• The shuttlecock hits the net and remains on it or falls or does not reach.
• The shuttlecock flies out of the playing field.
• The shuttlecock touches foreign objects or people not taking part in the game;
• The opponent touches the shuttlecock with his hands or other parts of the body.
• The player touches the net or bar with his body or clothing.
• The opponent interferes with the view and serves the shuttle without the opponent's readiness.
• One of the opponents deliberately creates interference.
• In the game he takes over for the second half behind the dividing net.

“Disputed” is assigned if:

• The serve passed without the opponent being ready.
• Simultaneous one or more violations of opponents.
• The shuttlecock becomes unsuitable for further holding of the match.
• In case of unforeseen situations.
• The shuttlecock hangs on the net and does not fall.

Breaks during school matches are usually no more than 2 minutes, and if necessary they can be increased, but only in agreement with the referee.

A point in the game is awarded to the opponent in the following cases:

• The shuttlecock hits out of bounds.
• Touching the shuttlecock by an opponent, building structures or other foreign objects.
• Touching the grid.

Resubmission is ordered if:

• The opponent serves without the opponent's readiness.
• Serve from improper court.
• Missed the shuttle without touching the racket.

Only the referee can order re-submissions.

Violations that result in the loss of the right to serve or the loss of a point:

• Double hitting of the shuttlecock by one of the opponents.
• Hitting or serving a shuttlecock with your hand.
• Deliberately distracting an opponent's attention when the shuttlecock is deflected.
• After the hit, the shuttlecock got stuck in the racket.
• When blocking an opponent, making it difficult to hit the shuttlecock.
• Knocking the shuttlecock out of the court.
• Hitting the shuttlecock with a racket while it is on the opponent's side.
• In case of unauthorized leaving the field.
• When serving out of order or changing half of the field.

In the decisive game, the sides change when the opponent scores 8 points out of 15 or 6 out of 11. If the change does not take place in a timely manner, it should be done immediately after the game is stopped by the referee.

All 2x2 matches are played to 15 points, participants must be over 14 years old. For younger participants, the draw is held up to 11 points.

Conclusion

The game is simple and has low requirements for clothing, shoes and equipment used. Competitors can participate in it, starting from preschool age(4-5 years old), no special sports skills required. The game allows you to enjoy the process itself, developing attentiveness, activity, team spirit, and endurance.

Description of the site and equipment

Area

There are courts for singles, doubles and combined. Most often, a combined court is used for the game. It can be used for singles and doubles games. The general dimensions of such a platform are shown in the figure (p. 13).

The names of the main components of the combined badminton court are given in the figure (p. 14).

Combined badminton court

The badminton court is divided in half by a standard net 760 mm wide, stretched between two posts. The top of the mesh is bordered with 75mm wide white tape on both sides of the mesh. This strap should be loosely attached to a cable of sufficient size and strength and be flush with the top of the posts. There should be no gaps between the posts and the ends of the mesh. If necessary, the mesh is tied to the posts on the sides. Height from the floor to the top edge of the mesh: at the racks - 1550 mm, in the center - 1524 mm. The size of its cells is from 15 to 20 mm. The mesh is usually dark in color, so the light shuttlecock is clearly visible against this background.

The main weapons of a badminton player are a racket and a shuttlecock.

A classic wooden racket consists of the following parts:

The racket head consists of a rim and strings that form a net.

Modern synthetic rackets, which are structurally more advanced, have the following names for their constituent elements: head, shaft and handle, as shown below in the figure.

head (1), rod (2) and handle (3) (the playing spot is highlighted in gray)

I would like to draw special attention to the fact that rackets are mainly produced with two types of heads: with a classic head shape and with an isometric one.

ClassicIsometric

The difference between these rackets is that classic rackets, due to their design features, can produce more accurate and strong blows, and isometrics, due to the enlarged playing spot, provide better control over the shuttle when making shots.

There are experimental samples of other racket head configurations, but they are little used in gaming practice.

There are professional, semi-professional and amateur rackets. Professional rackets have better playing qualities than amateur ones. They are generally stiffer, more durable, and have much higher torsional rigidity. The striking surface of the racket is flat and consists of a grid of intersecting strings stretched over the rim and alternately intertwined. The string surface must be uniform and, in particular, the density in the center must be no less than in all other parts. The dimensions of the racket cannot exceed 680 mm in total length and 230 mm in total width. The length of the racket head should not exceed 290 mm. Surface with with stretched strings cannot be more than 280 mm in length and 220 mm in width. The racket shall have no attached objects or protrusions other than those intended and used solely to limit wear or vibration, or to distribute weight, or to attach the racquet handle with a cord to the player's hand for safety reasons, and the size and location of such protrusions must be appropriate their functional purpose. Also, the racket should not have any devices that allow the player to change its shape. To prevent overload or damage to the joints, the properties of the racket are of great importance. It should have minimal weight. The best modern models weigh no more than 100 g with fairly high elasticity. However, there are heavy, clumsy wooden or metal rackets on sale, apparently created specifically for beach badminton. If you play real sports badminton with such a racket, then overload of the joints is possible. An important element racket is the connection of its head with the shaft.

It must be borne in mind that a tee connection, as a rule, makes the racket heavier and worsens the dynamic properties of its playing spot.

The shaft of the racket is also of great importance. Its configuration greatly affects the performance of the racket.

1 - tee connection between the shaft and the head of the racket, the impact energy is slowed down in the tee, reducing its force.

2 - a seamless connection between the shaft and the racket head, the impact energy is evenly distributed over the racket head, increasing its force.

Various configurations of the racket shaft section, used to improve the movement of impact energy from the handle to the head, in order to improve its dynamic properties (strength, elasticity, whiplash, control over the shuttle): 1 - a sample of a smooth classic shaft; 2 - rod with variable cross-section

There are three types of shuttlecocks: feather, plastic (entirely synthetic) and combined. The shuttlecock consists of a head and plumage. Professional competitions and tournaments are held with feather shuttlecocks with 16 feathers mounted in the head. Shuttlecock weight from 4.74 to 5.50 g; its dimensions are indicated in the figure (in centimeters).

Plastic shuttlecock

Plastic shuttlecocks are slightly different in flight from feather shuttlecocks and are intended mainly for amateur play. It is worth noting that plastic shuttlecocks remain playable significantly longer compared to feather shuttlecocks. Combined plastic shuttlecocks with a cork head are closer in their flight to feather ones. Models with a plastic head are recommended for beginner players. Although their flight qualities are worse, for beginners they last longer, since they are better able to withstand inaccurate hits (with the rim of the racquet and on the skirt). Branded plastic shuttlecocks within the same model vary in flight speed and are used at different ambient temperatures. This can be determined by the color of the edging tape on the head of the shuttlecock. The red ribbon is the fastest shuttlecock, used at cold air temperatures, the blue ribbon is medium in speed, used at normal temperatures, the green ribbon is slow, used at warm temperatures. In gyms they mostly play medium and slow. Also, the plumage of plastic shuttlecocks can be of different colors. Most often it is white or yellow. To test shuttlecocks, a full high-distance strike is used, and the point of contact of the racket with the shuttlecock should be on the back line of the court. After being hit, the shuttlecock should move along an upward trajectory parallel to the side line of the court. Those shuttlecocks that hit the court in the range from 990 to 530 mm to the opposite back line are considered satisfactory.

Strings

The main difference between strings is their thickness. Badminton strings have a thickness of 0.66 to 0.85 mm. The thinner the string, the more sensitive it is and the better it is to play. But at the same time, the thinner the string, the faster it breaks. This means that if you want to play with more sensitive strings, you will have to string your rackets more often. For intermediate players, we recommend strings with a thickness of 0.7 to 0.8 mm. A good, moderately tight string tension (11-12 kg) increases the technical capabilities of the player and indirectly reduces the risk of overloading the joints. It must be borne in mind that the strings are round in shape and immediately after a new tension they can move against each other. To avoid this, they are usually fixed for the first time with a special paint, which is applied using a stencil and depicts the symbol of one of the sports companies.

Typical Structure of Multilayer Synthetic Badminton String Shape

First of all, the shape should be very comfortable for you, not too big, not too small, and chosen individually according to your size. The T-shirt (T-shirt), as well as the lining of the shorts (if any), are recommended to be made of cotton. It is advisable to buy sneakers specialized for badminton. These sneakers have specially reinforced areas that are loaded during the specific movements of a badminton player. Specialized shoes are usually more comfortable and injury-proof. General principle- the form should not interfere with playing.