Russian large-caliber sniper rifles. Russian large-caliber sniper rifles Osv rifle







Caliber: 12.7×108mm
Mechanism: gas-operated semi-automatic, locking by rotating the bolt
Trunk: 1000 mm
Weight: 12.9 kg without cartridges and optical sight
Length: 1746 mm (1154 mm folded)
Shop: 5 round detachable box type

The OSV-96 large-caliber sniper rifle was developed in the mid-1990s in Tula, at the Instrument Design Bureau (KBP). Originally known as the B-94, the rifle was first shown in public around 1995. Later, after a number of modifications, the rifle received the designation OSV-96. Currently, the rifle is offered to all interested domestic and foreign buyers - naturally, this means various government security agencies. The rifle is in service with the Russian Army and special units of the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs.

The OSV-96 rifle is self-loading. The mechanism is gas-operated, locking is carried out by turning the bolt with 4 lugs directly behind the barrel, which allows you to unload the receiver and make it fold around the front end, immediately behind the barrel attachment point. Folding is necessary, since in combat-ready form the rifle is very long and inconvenient to store and transport. The rifle barrel is equipped with a long muzzle brake - a flash suppressor. The bipod is mounted on a special console mounted in the front (folding along with the barrel) part of the receiver. The butt is made of plastic and has a rubber shock-absorbing pad. The rifle is not intended for hand-held shooting and does not have a handguard. OSV-96 can be equipped with various optical and night sights.

The main purpose of the OSV-96 is to combat light equipment (cars, etc.), defeat enemy personnel behind cover, and counter-sniper combat.

Large caliber sniper rifles- this is a special type of sniper rifle with a caliber from 9 mm to 20 mm inclusive. As a rule, such models are significantly superior to ordinary sniper rifles in terms of effective firing range, bullet energy, dimensions, weight and recoil, which leaves an imprint on their use.

Currently, Russia has created a sufficient number of interesting solutions in this area, which are presented by both state and private manufacturers of small arms.

The main area of ​​application of large-caliber sniper rifles is to disable:
— unarmored and lightly armored enemy equipment, including low-flying or grounded helicopters and airplanes;
— protected firing points (firing at embrasures and observation devices of pillboxes);
— control, communication and reconnaissance equipment (satellite communication antennas, radar, etc.);
— destruction of unexploded bombs and mines.

The creation of large-caliber sniper rifles was caused by the need to solve a number of problems, such as destroying manpower at a long distance in armor, disabling enemy armored vehicles and many others.

Story

Russian weapon - OSV-96 "Burglar" - the first domestically produced rifle in its class. It was developed at the Tula Design Bureau by gunsmith A.G. Shipunov in 1990. The V-94 Volga rifle, already created at that time by the same Tula KBP, was taken as a basis.

OSV-96 was put into service in mid-2000. It is the pride of Russian sniper-type small arms.

Sniper rifle OSV-96 “Burglar”, appearance

It is in service in almost all special units of law enforcement agencies of the Russian Federation. It is imported to allied countries of the CIS - Belarus, Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan, as well as to India.

Design Features

A design feature of the new weapon is that the locking is carried out by the barrel of the rifle. This makes it possible to fold it almost in half when carrying it. When folded, the holes in the barrel and receiver are blocked from contamination.

  • The bipod and handle for carrying the rifle are attached to the barrel.
  • OSV-96 is self-loading, reloading is carried out using powder gases.
  • On the barrel, closer to the receiver, there is a bipod, which is fixed movably so that the rifle can change the line of fire both horizontally and vertically. The bipod can also be adjusted in height.
  • The fire is carried out with the standard SPTs-12.7 cartridge, armor-piercing and incendiary B-32, BZT, BS.
  • There is a fairly long reactive brake-flame arrester. The length is caused by the heavy recoil of the rifle.
  • Optical and night sights are installed.

Main technical characteristics of OSV-96 firearms

Purpose

According to the stated characteristics, the rifle can stop lightly armored vehicles at a distance of up to 1800 meters, and a fighter in a bulletproof vest located in a shelter - up to 1000 meters. Moreover, at a fairly fast rate of fire, good accuracy is maintained. This is precisely what allows you to quickly disable equipment or even simply sow panic among the enemy.

Application

OSV-96 received its baptism of fire even before it was officially put into service. It began its journey in the Volga version of firearms and from 1996 to 2000 underwent constant modernization. In addition to armed conflicts and anti-terrorist operations on the territory of the Russian Federation, “Vzlomshchik” managed to take part in the civil war in Syria.

Results

The rifle has been completely described on the positive side not only by the Russian military, but also by specialists from foreign countries. However, like all weapons, it has its drawbacks. But there are few of them. The main one is a very loud shot. When shooting, you must wear headphones. This also has a noticeable effect on the shooter's secrecy. Another one is that you can only fire while leaning on the bipod. And they are mounted on the barrel, thereby reducing the firing angle without moving the bipod itself.

The OSV-96 rifle is a Russian-made large-caliber weapon capable of hitting targets at long distances. The development of the weapon began in the first half of the 90s, and entered service with the army at the end of the same decade.

The device of the OSV-96 rifle

The operation of a gun is based on the action of powder gases after a shot. The designers found a way to compensate for the large size of the weapon, which is inherent in all models of this class. For convenient transportation, the OSV-96 can be folded: the barrel and gas system are folded back to the receiver, and the breech end of the barrel and the box itself are covered with a cover. If there is an urgent need to fire, it will take a few seconds to transfer to the firing position from the folded position.

To increase the accuracy and efficiency of shooting, a compensator brake was installed, designed as a reactive action. It is mounted on the muzzle and dampens the withdrawal of the barrel by powder gases after the shot. The standard sighting mechanism is represented by a front sight and a rear sight, which fold along the barrel.

The bolt is responsible for locking the barrel bore. This occurs on four combat ledges. They are fastened to the breech stops when locked and transfer the force of the powder gases after the shot to the bottom of the ammunition casing. The cocking lever is on the right.

There is a special console on the front of the receiver. A bipod is placed on it, which can be adjusted in height. The bipod is responsible for rotating the console in the longitudinal plane relative to the gun barrel. This function allows you to adjust the rifle for use on surfaces with any unevenness. The downside is that the bipod is attached to the barrel. This negatively affects shooting accuracy.

Tactical and technical characteristics of OSVM-96 Burglar:

  • 12.7x108 mm ammunition is used for power supply;
  • Barrel length - 1000 mm;
  • Total length with folded barrel - 1,154 mm;
  • Total length with the barrel unfolded - 1,746 mm;
  • The width of the folded gun is 196 mm;
  • The width of the unfolded weapon is 381 mm;
  • Maximum working distance - 1.8 km;
  • The weight of an unloaded OSV-96 sniper rifle without optics is 11.7 kg.

If the shooter is not satisfied with the factory sight, optics can be installed on the Picatinny rail for night and day shooting. DS 3×12-50MCT is considered standard, but the owner, if desired, can install another one similar to this one. The choice of sights for the OSV-96 sniper rifle in gun stores is wide.

The first years of production, the stock was made of wood. On modern models it has given way to high-strength plastic. A rubber butt plate is installed on the butt, the main task of which is to dampen recoil after a shot, which can reduce accuracy.

How does Burglar work?

The work is based on an automatic system. The barrel locks and unlocks independently. The cartridge case of the spent charge is ejected from the gun during operation of the mechanisms without the participation of the shooter. New ammunition from the magazine is fed and sent into the chamber under the influence of mechanisms that are influenced by the force of the powder gases.

As mentioned above, the operation of automation is based on the power of powder gases. After the shot, they pass through the gas outlet hole in the barrel and clip, then enter the gas tube and begin to move the bolt to the rear extreme position, putting pressure on the bolt frame piston.

When it begins to move to the rearmost position, the following happens:

  • The bore is unlocked;
  • The cartridge case of the spent charge is removed from the chamber and thrown out through a special window;
  • The return spring is compressed to its maximum;
  • The drummer is moved to the cocked position;
  • A new cartridge arrives from the magazine to the dispensing line.

When the return spring begins to expand, the bolt is sent to its extreme forward position. At this time, what happens is that the barrel bore is locked by turning the bolt. The leading protrusion interacts with the figured groove of the bolt frame. The capsule is heated by a firing pin, which is located inside the bolt of the OSV-96 sniper rifle. Loading the weapon is carried out by pulling the bolt frame all the way back and sharply moving it forward.

Checking the quality of shooting from OSV-96

Checking the performance characteristics of OSV-96 is carried out with ammunition from the same batch. A standard sighting mechanism or mounted optics are used for night or day shooting (depending on the time of day). The principle of setting up the built-in mechanical sight is described in the technical documentation of the weapon, which is included in each kit.

To assess accuracy, a standard target is used: a black rectangle on a white background. Its dimensions are 25x37 centimeters. It is necessary to place the rectangle at a height equal to the shooter’s eye level. The aiming point is the center of the bottom line of the black rectangle. The control point is the center of the target.

We conducted testing at a distance of 100 meters. The rear sight is moved to the fourth position. The shooter's position is lying down from the bipod with the butt resting on the shoulder. Four shots are fired in a rectangle. Normal accuracy indicators - the dispersion of shots does not exceed 15 centimeters. If the value is higher, four shots must be fired at the new target.

If the result is satisfactory, the midpoint of impact must be determined. The two closest shots are connected by a line, the length is divided into two equal parts. Connect the hole from the third shot to this point, break the resulting segment into three equal pieces. From the point closest to the first two hits, a line is drawn to the fourth hole, the segment is divided into four equal parts. The point that is closest to the first three hits is considered the midpoint of the hit.

What conclusion can be drawn about the OSV-96 rifle?

OSV-96 Burglar is capable of neutralizing lightly armored vehicles located at a distance of 1.8 kilometers. If an enemy soldier wearing a bulletproof vest is in cover and the distance to him does not exceed one kilometer, he can be neutralized with this sniper rifle. The main advantage of the weapon is its excellent accuracy for the set rate of fire.

It entered service in the late 90s of the last century. The security forces of our country are used to resolve armed conflicts within the country and neutralize terrorist groups around the world. For the last two years it has been used by soldiers fighting in the Syrian civil war.

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Large-caliber sniper rifle OSV-96

The rifle is self-loading, the automation works by removing powder gases from the barrel, locking is carried out by turning the bolt with 4 lugs directly behind the barrel, which allows you to unload the receiver and make it fold around the front end, immediately behind the barrel attachment point.

Folding is necessary, since in combat-ready form the rifle is very long and inconvenient to store and transport (in this case, the breech section of the barrel and the receiver are overlapped to prevent clogging). The rifle barrel is equipped with a long muzzle brake - a flame arrester.

The rifle is equipped with a bipod mounted on a special console mounted in the front (folding along with the barrel) part of the receiver. They allow it to be rotated relative to the barrel in a longitudinal plane, so the rifle can be used on any surface.

However, the bipod (as well as the carrying handle) is attached directly to the barrel, which does not have the best effect on shooting accuracy. The buttstock is made of wood and has a rubber shock-absorbing butt plate; it is not adjustable in length and height. The rifle is not intended for hand-held shooting and does not have a handguard.

The rifle is designed to engage lightly armored and unarmored targets at distances up to 1800 m, as well as enemy personnel behind cover and wearing personal protective equipment at distances up to 1000 m.

When firing sniper cartridges at a distance of 100 m in series of 4-5 shots, the dispersion diameter does not exceed 50 mm. One of the disadvantages of the rifle is that the shot sound is too loud, as a result of which it is recommended to fire with headphones.

Options and modifications

  • The B-94 "Volga" prototype was developed by the Tula Instrument Design Bureau in the early 1990s and was first shown in 1994. The initial energy of the bullet is about 18860 J. The standard sight was a 4x PSO-1 optical sight.
  • OSV-96 “Burglar” is a modification developed in 1996-2000 and put into service in March 2000. The main differences between the OSV-96 and the prototype are the design of the muzzle brake, the shape of the butt and carrying handles, as well as the ability to install several different options for optical (POS 13x60 and POS 12x56) and night sights.

Technical characteristics of the OSV-96 rifle

  • Caliber: 12.7×108
  • Weapon length: 1746/1154 mm
  • Barrel length: 1000 mm
  • Weight without cartridges: 12.9 kg.
  • Magazine capacity: 5 rounds

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