Why is June 23 celebrated as International Olympic Day? International Olympic Day. Symbols and traditions of the Olympics

June 23, the day the International Olympic Committee was created, is celebrated as International Olympic Day.

The post of IOC Secretary General was taken by Pierre de Coubertin. Congress decided to hold the Games of the First Olympiad in Greece in 1896.

Currently Olympic Games have become the largest sports festival planets. Their implementation is still based on the Olympic Charter adopted in 1894 - a kind of charter that defines the goals, content and nature of the movement, as well as the conditions for celebrating the Olympic Games.

This document gives a clear definition of Olympism, which is "a philosophy of life that elevates and integrates into a balanced whole the dignity of body, will and mind. Linking sport with culture and education, Olympism strives to create a way of life based on the joy of effort, on the educational value of good example and respect for universal basic ethical principles."

The Olympic movement has its own emblem and flag, approved by the IOC at the suggestion of Coubertin in 1913. The emblem is five intertwined rings of blue, black, red (top row), yellow and green (bottom row) that symbolize the 5 continents united in the Olympic Movement. Motto Olympic movement- Citius, Altius, Fortius (faster, higher, stronger).

The flag is a white canvas with the Olympic rings.

Over more than 100 years of history, a ritual for holding the Games has developed: lighting Olympic flame at the opening ceremony (the fire is lit from the sun's rays in Olympia in Greece and delivered by a torch relay of athletes to the host city of the Olympic Games); the recitation of the Olympic oath by one of the outstanding athletes of the country in which the Games are being held on behalf of all participants in the Games; taking an oath of impartial judging on behalf of the judges; presentation of medals to winners and prize-winners of competitions; raising the national flag of the country and singing the national anthem in honor of the winners.

Since 1932, the organizer of the Olympic Games has been building the so-called olympic village for participants of the Games.

According to the Olympic Charter, the Games are a competition between individual athletes and not between national teams. However, since 1908, an unofficial team classification has become widespread - determining the place occupied by teams by the number of medals received. In this case, priority in establishing the team place is given to gold medals, and if they are equal, to silver and bronze awards.

For more than 110 years (1896-2010), 29 Summer Olympics were held and three times (1916, 1940, 1944) the games did not take place due to the First and Second World Wars. The Olympiad also receives its number in cases where the games were not held (for example, VI - in 1916-1919, XII - 1940-1943, XIII - 1944-1947).

Since 1924, the Winter Olympic Games have been held, which have their own numbering. In February 2010, the XXI Winter Olympic Games took place in Vancouver.

With the development of the Olympic movement, more and more countries are included in its orbit.

204 countries took part in the XXIX Summer Olympic Games, which were held in Beijing in August 2008. For the first time, athletes from Montenegro, Tuvalu (Polynesia) and the Marshall Islands (Micronesia) competed in the Games.

82 countries took part in the XXI Winter Olympic Games in Vancouver, with Ghana, the Cayman Islands, Colombia, Pakistan, Peru, Serbia, and Montenegro making their debut at the Winter Olympics.

The XXX Summer Olympic Games will be held from July 27 to August 12, 2012 in London.

The XXII Winter Olympic Games will be held from February 7 to 23, 2014 in Sochi.

More and more enriched and sport program games. At almost every Olympics, new sports appear in its program, and the number of Olympic awards awarded increases accordingly.

The material was prepared based on information from RIA Novosti and open sources

Celebrated annually on June 23 in memory of the revival Olympic traditions on the planet, setting the goal of educating youth through sports to achieve mutual understanding between peoples and countries, and to strengthen peace on Earth. On this day, National Olympic Committees organize competitions in various sports disciplines; the mass race is very popular. Everyone goes the distance: professional athletes, sports veterans, beginners, amateurs and those simply wishing to take part. Maximum coverage of the population is the main principle Olympic motto"Sport for everyone!" Participation in such competitions is a great way to pay tribute to the great tradition of the Olympic Games, the ideas of fair competition, self-improvement and self-development.

history of the holiday

The holiday was established in 1948 at the 42nd session of the IOC. The date of the celebration was not chosen by chance - June 23, 1894 went down in history as the day the IOC was created after the historic speech of one of the main inspirers of the revival of Olympic traditions, Pierre de Coubertin. He became the head of the created committee. Meanwhile, the idea of establishing a special holiday dedicated to the Olympic movement on the planet and making it possible to tell people about the main Olympic principles was first voiced at the 41st session of the International Olympic Committee (abbreviated as IOC) in Stockholm in 1947.

In order to choose the date of the holiday, a historical background was needed. In June 1894, the International Congress on Problems was held in Paris physical education, which was attended by representatives of 12 states. Every year, new participating countries traditionally include this event in the school curriculum.

Behind last years Many national Olympic committees have added timed concerts and themed exhibitions to the celebration. Recent NOC activities have included discussions with children and young people the best athletes and Olympians, developing new websites to help people join the sport and inform about sporting events at the place of residence.

Every 4 years, new Olympic champions are identified in our world. The Olympics are events that bring out strong athletes not only physically, but also spiritually. There is an International Olympic Day in June. On this day, it is customary to hold a mass race for citizens of any age and any level of training. On one of these days I had to participate in a race. I really liked this event. On this day I made new acquaintances and friends.

Such events are created in order to strengthen the general spirit, develop willpower, develop physical fitness and maintain sports culture at a high level.

A sedentary lifestyle and constant use of computer equipment reduces activity and reduces the load on the body. This deteriorates your well-being and health. Therefore, youth, schoolchildren and the older generation need to regularly perform physical exercise, To go to sport sections and try to become Olympic champions.

Olympic champions are respected all over the world. These are the people who have great endurance, willpower and desire to win. Olympic champions are not born with all the abilities that helped them win. Olympic champions develop all these abilities through daily work, grueling workouts and constant pursuit of excellence.

I like watching the Olympic Games on TV. It's always very exciting and quite interesting. Sometimes I imagine myself as an Olympic champion with a medal around my neck. I want the citizens of our country to win at all Olympics and for everyone to respect our athletes. Therefore the celebration olympic day I think it's correct. Such sports days there should be as many as possible all over the world.

4th grade. 7-8 sentences

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Every year on June 23, International Olympic Day is celebrated all over the world. Librarian Yana Skipina talks about the history of the revival of the Olympic movement and remarkable facts.

The Olympic Games are the world's largest sporting competitions, held every four years. The Olympic Games of Ancient Greece, held in Olympia, were a religious sports festival. The first documented games date back to 776 BC. e., although it is known that games were held earlier. It is noteworthy that during the sacred games it was forbidden to continue any military operations.

Pierre de Coubertin

On June 23, 1894, at the International Athletic Congress held at the Sorbonne University (Paris), French public figure and sports promoter Baron Pierre de Coubertin presented a report on the revival and organization of the Ancient Greek Olympic Games. De Coubertin's proposal was accepted by the congress participants, and it was also decided to hold these competitions every four years with representatives from all countries invited to participate. On the same day, a special body was created to organize the games - the International Olympic Committee, which included representatives of twelve participating countries, including Russia, Greece, France, Denmark, Spain, Italy, England, and the USA. The first president of the Committee was the Greek Demetrius Vikelas, and the general secretary was the ideological inspirer, Baron Pierre de Coubertin. From Russia, the first representative on the Olympic Committee was Alexey Dmitrievich Butovsky, a general of the Russian army, a teacher and promoter of sports and healthy image life. He was a member of the committee for six years.

It was decided to hold the games of the 1st Olympiad in 1896 in Greece, the forefather country of these competitions. On April 6, 1896, the first modern Olympic Games opened in Athens. Then, among 241 athletes from 14 countries, medals were competed in 9 sports. And in 2004, more than a hundred years later, more than 15 thousand athletes and officials from 202 countries took part in the Olympic Games in Greece. Medals have already been awarded in 28 sports.

The Olympic Games, also known as the Summer Olympics, began to be held every four years, with the exception of years during world wars. 1924 also saw the establishment of the Winter Olympics, which were originally held in the same year as the Summer Olympics. However, since 1994, it was decided to shift the timing of the Winter Olympic Games by two years relative to the timing of the Summer Games.

The idea of establishing a holiday dedicated to the Olympic movement throughout the world was proposed at the 41st session of the International Olympic Committee in 1947 in Stockholm, and at the 42nd session of the IOC in St. Moritz, the project was officially approved. The purpose of the holiday was to promote sports and a healthy lifestyle throughout the world, to involve everyone in the sports movement, regardless of age, gender and nationality. Olympic Charter,the foundations of which were approved by the International Sports Congress in Paris in 1894, reads:

“The Olympic Movement aims to educate young people through sport in a spirit of better mutual understanding and friendship, thus contributing to the creation of a better and more peaceful world.”

On Olympic Day, various sports, cultural and educational events are held throughout the world by national Olympic committees - mass races, competitions, meetings with Olympic champions or famous people, thematic exhibitions, concerts, sports show programs. the main objective These events are the promotion of Olympic values, propaganda of the Olympic movement, sports and a healthy lifestyle.

The symbol of the Olympic Games is five interconnected rings, symbolizing the unification of the five parts of the world in the Olympic movement. The color of the rings in the top row is blue, symbolizing Europe, black is Africa, red is America, in the bottom row is yellow for Asia, green for Australia.

There are several traditions and rituals of the Olympic Games:

Conducting the opening and closing ceremonies of the Olympic Games;

Lighting of the Olympic flame at the opening ceremony (the flame is lit by the sun's rays in Olympia and carried by torches by athletes to the host city of the next Games);

The recitation of the Olympic oath by one of the outstanding athletes of the country in which the Olympics are taking place on behalf of all participants in the games;

Taking an oath of impartial judging on behalf of the judges;

Presentation of medals to winners and prize-winners of competitions;

Raising the national flag and singing the national anthem in honor of the winners.

The title of Olympic champion is the most honorable, prestigious and desirable in an athlete’s career; in almost all Olympic sports it is more honorable than the title of world champion.

All athletes, regardless of gender, nationality and political preferences, dream of an Olympic medal and consider it the highest award. And of course Olympic champions- the pride of any state.

Do you know what?

· At the first modern Olympics in Athens, athletes who took first place were awarded silver medals and olive branches. Second places were awarded bronze medals. While for third places the participants received nothing at all. And in Paris in 1900, athletes were awarded paintings for first place, because... such a prize was considered the most valuable. But in 1904, the city of St. Louis began awarding gold, silver and bronze medals for first, second and third places, respectively. This tradition continues to this day;

· In the modern Olympic Games, gold medals contain very little pure gold. According to the recommendations of the International Olympic Committee, in gold Olympic medals must contain at least 6 grams of pure gold per application. Usually, the organizers of the Games do not increase this figure, so Golden medal in the physical sense, mostly silver. But in the highest standard medals of the 2012 Olympics in London, the gold content is slightly more than 1%. IN last time medals cast from pure gold were received by athletes at the Olympics in Stockholm in 1912;

· From 1912 to 1948, Olympic medals were awarded not only to athletes, but also to cultural and artistic figures. Pierre de Coubertin, proposing to revive the Olympics, expressed the idea that competition should be both in sports and in art, but at the same time the works should have some relation to sports. There were five main medal categories: architecture, literature, music, painting and sculpture. However, after the 1948 Olympics, it was decided to abandon this, replacing the competitions with ordinary thematic exhibitions;

· The Chinese team did not win any Olympic events until 1984. However, in Beijing, within its native walls, China won one hundred medals, including 51 medals of the highest standard. The Celestial team was able to surprise the whole world with its perseverance and hard work.

· At the closing ceremony of the 1980 Olympics in Moscow, one of the most spectacular elements was the image of the Olympic bear lined with colored shields; the feature of the number was its tear. But few people know that initially it was not in the script, but during the rehearsal one extra holding a shield mistakenly raised it up not with the dark side, but with the light side. When the leader said to change sides, all the extras in that row began to follow the order. As a result, the rolling wave immediately reminded everyone of a teardrop, and in this form it was included in the ceremony.

· The Olympic Games in Sochi are the twenty-second Winter Games in history. It is noteworthy that in 1980 the twenty-second Summer Olympics were held in Moscow.

· During the 1984 Olympics in Los Angeles, McDonald's launched a marketing campaign. For each bronze medal won by American athletes, visitors were entitled to a free glass of cola, for a silver medal - a portion of French fries, for a gold medal - a Big Mac. However, such a promotion almost failed the company to financial disaster as the Soviet government decided not to send a delegation to the Olympics, causing the United States to win many more medals than planned.

· 106 daysThe Olympic Torch Marathon took place in Vancouver in 2010. Until recently, it was considered the longest and passed through 200 settlements with the participation of 12,000 people. But Russia broke all records. The 2014 Olympic torch relay began on October 7, 2013 in Moscow and ended on February 7, 2014 in Sochi. The Olympic flame has traveled more than 60,000 km, and the number of torchbearers has exceeded 14,000.

And literally at this time, the European Games are being held for the first time, which take place in Baku (Azerbaijan) from June 12 to 282015. 6,200 athletes from fifty European countries take part in the games and 253 sets of awards are awarded.

The symbols of the European Games in Baku were the images of Jeyran (gazelle) - a symbol of grace, natural beauty, elegance and purity, and Nara (pomegranate) - a symbol of life and energy. It was noted that Jeyran and Nar reflect the history of Azerbaijan and its promising future.

Yana Skipina, librarian of the Central Library named after. A.S. Pushkin

The corresponding decision was made by the International Olympic Committee(IOC) in 1948 with the goal of promoting sport throughout the world, regardless of age, gender and athletic ability.

On this day, on the recommendation of the IOC, National Olympic Committees (NOCs) conduct various sporting events, predominantly running, in order to attract the maximum number of participants, thereby spreading the Olympic concept of “Sport for all”.

Story

There are many legends about the origins of the Olympic Games. All of them are associated with ancient Greek gods and heroes. The first Olympic Games took place in 776 BC in Olympia, which was considered a sacred place by the Greeks. The name of the Games comes from Olympia.

At the time, the Games were such an important event that warring states would end their conflicts to pay tribute to the ceremony.

Religious ceremonies were an obligatory part of the ancient Olympic Games. According to established custom, the first day of the Games was set aside for sacrifices - athletes spent this day at the altars and altars of their patron gods. A similar ritual was repeated on the final day of the Olympic Games, when awards were presented to the winners.

In total, 293 Games were held at Olympia. The Roman Emperor Theodosius I banned the Olympic Games in 394 AD as a “relic of paganism.”

Revival of the Olympic Games

In June 1894, an international congress on physical education was held in Paris, in which representatives of 12 countries participated. Baron Pierre de Coubertin, who presented a report at the meeting, proposed reviving the tradition of the ancient Greek Olympics.

It was then that the International Olympic Committee was created, with Pierre de Coubertin becoming its secretary general.

Congress decided to hold the Games of the First Olympiad in Greece in 1896, in which 241 athletes from 14 countries took part.

Since then, 49 Olympics have already passed. Of these, 27 are summer and 22 are winter. The games did not take place only three times (1916, 1940, 1944) due to the First and Second World Wars.

Over the past years, many athletes have shown outstanding sporting results, winning hundreds of cups and medals.

The movement gained strength with each passing of the Games. But it was only in 1967 that the IOC announced the establishment of June 23 as International Olympic Day.

Currently, the Olympic Games have become the largest sports festival on the planet. Their implementation is still based on the Olympic Charter adopted in 1894 - a kind of charter that defines the goals, content and nature of the movement, as well as the conditions for celebrating the Olympic Games.

This document gives a clear definition of Olympism, which is a philosophy of life that elevates and integrates into a balanced whole the dignity of body, will and mind. Olympism, which combines sport with culture and education, strives to create a way of life based on the joy of effort, on the educational value of good example and on respect for universal basic ethical principles.

Symbols and traditions of the Olympics

The Olympic movement has its own symbols, approved by the IOC at the suggestion of Coubertin in 1913. The main ones are the flag and the coat of arms of the Olympics depicted on it - five multi-colored rings intertwined with each other.

Each of them symbolizes one of the five parts of the world, whose representatives take part in the Olympics. The blue ring is Europe, the red ring is America, the yellow ring is Asia, the black ring is Africa, and the green ring is Australia. Blue, black and red are located in the top row, yellow and green are in the bottom.

Intertwined with each other, the rings symbolize the unity of all parts of the world, all continents, all races, peoples and countries in the face of sport.

The motto of the Olympic movement is “Faster, higher, stronger” (Citius, Altius, Fortius).

Over more than a century of history, a ritual for holding the Games has developed: the lighting of the Olympic flame at the opening ceremony; the recitation of the Olympic oath by one of the outstanding athletes of the country in which the Games are being held on behalf of all participants in the Games; taking an oath of impartial judging on behalf of the judges; presentation of medals to winners and prize-winners of competitions; raising the national flag of the country and singing the national anthem in honor of the winners.

The flame is traditionally lit by the sun's rays at Olympia in Greece and carried by a torch relay of athletes to the host city of the Olympic Games.

Since 1932, the organizer of the Olympic Games has been building the so-called Olympic village for the participants of the Games.

In this case, priority in establishing the team place is given to gold medals, and if they are equal, to silver and bronze awards.

The Winter Olympic Games have been held since 1924. With the development of the Olympic movement, more and more countries are included in its orbit.

The sports program of the Games is also becoming increasingly enriched. At almost every Olympics, new sports appear in its program, and the number of Olympic awards awarded increases accordingly.

Olympic achievements of Georgia

Georgia, as an independent country, became a participant in the world sports games since 1996. During this time, Georgian athletes won 14 bronze, five silver and six gold medals.

The material was prepared based on open sources