Olympic disciplines of snowboarding. Report: Winter sports. Snowboarding. The history of snowboarding

Snowboarding is a great sport for people of all ages. But there is one “but”. Snowboarding - quite dangerous sport. Therefore, to engage in this activity, you need excellent health, the absence of traumatic brain injuries, joint problems and recent fractures. The cardiovascular system should also be in order.
If everything is in order with your health, then snowboarding is an excellent opportunity to relax, recharge your batteries, train your muscles, and also develop a sense of balance and coordination.
There are several types of snowboards. which in turn have subvarieties: slalom, jibbing, big air and halfpipe.

Slalom

Slalom is a high-speed type of snowboarding. The athlete reaches speeds on the slope of up to 100 km/h. There are several varieties: parallel slalom, super giant, giant slalom. Slalom in snowboarding is similar to skiing. You need the ability to overcome the required number of milestones that are placed along the route in a minimum of time.
The athlete’s equipment must be appropriate: streamlined overalls, protective guards on the arms and legs, hard boots.

Jibbing

Today the most fashionable direction of snowboarding. Jibbing is riding on artificial structures made of pipes. They are called rails. The athlete slides along them, performing various tricks, and all this at a decent speed. For jibbing you don't need to have
specially built devices are at hand, quite a variety of city buildings: benches, railings, stairs. Due to the simplicity of the conditions and entertainment, this type of snowboarding is very popular among young people.

Big air

This type of competition requires a springboard specially made for this type of snowboard and a landing area. The athlete's jump should be impressive and least dangerous. Big Air is a technical freestyle category.

Halfpipe

This is a competition of snowboarders in a special half-pipe made of dense snow. The height of the highpipe is 3 m and the length is 80. It is built on steep slopes. The athlete accelerates from one wall, flies along a radius, performs a trick, fits into the same radius, drives back and performs the next trick on the opposite side. All tricks are based on different rotations and somersaults in different directions. The highpipe is also a technical freestyle.

When an athlete's skill reaches a certain level, there is a desire to show that you are the best in any discipline. Different types of snowboarding are clear proof of this.

Story

The first modern resemblance to a snowboard was a snurfer (snurfer is a word made up of two others - snow (“snow”) and surf — “surf”), invented and made by Sherman Poppen for his daughter in 1965 in Muskegon, Michigan. He glued two skis into one. Already in next year The production of the snurfer was started as a children's toy. In design, it was very close to a skateboard deck, only without wheels. The snurfer did not have fastenings, and in order to stay on the projectile, the skater had to hold on to a rope tied to the nose; In addition, the instructions recommended using non-slip shoes for skating. Throughout the 1970s and 80s, the sport grew in popularity, with a number of prominent enthusiasts such as Dimitri Milovich, Jake Burton (founder of Burton Snowboards), Tom Sims (founder of Sims Snowboards) and Mike Olson (founder of Mervin). Manufacturing) made a great contribution to the improvement of equipment, which determined modern look snowboard.

Dimitri Milovich, a surfer from the East Coast of the United States, inspired by riding down a mountain on a coffee tray, founded the Winterstick snowboard company in 1972, which within 3 years received a mention in Newsweek magazine. Winterstick boards inherit design principles from surf and ski boards. In the spring of 1976, two skateboarders from Wales, John Roberts and Pete Matthews, made a plywood board with bindings for skating. ski slope With artificial turf at his school camp in Ogmore-by-Sea, Wales, UK. However, further development was hampered by the fact that while skating Matthews received serious injury and access to the slope was closed. The projectile invented by John and Pete was much shorter than modern snowboards; the sliding part of the board was rounded on all sides, which impaired its maneuverability.

In 1979, the first ever World Snurfing Championship was held near Grand Rapids, Michigan. Jake Burton also took part in these competitions and improved the snurf by adding leg mounts. Many protested against Jake's participation due to the fact that his equipment was different from the original, but Paul Graves, the best of the snurfers of the time, along with other riders, asked for permission to perform. As a result, a separate competition was created, in which Burton won, being the only participant. This championship is now considered to be the first snowboarding competition in history as an independent discipline.

In 1982, the first US national slalom competition was held in Suicide Six (near Woodstock, Vermont).

In 1983, the first World Halfpipe Championship was held in Soda Springs, California. It was organized by Tom Sims and Mike Chantry, a local snowboard instructor.

The growing popularity of snowboarding led to its official recognition as a sport: in 1985, the first World Cup was held at the Austrian ski resort of Zurs. A year earlier, for development general rules competitions and their organization, the International Snowboard Association (ISA) was created. Modern snowboard competitions top level, such as Olympic Games, X-Games, US Open and others are broadcast on television around the world; many ski resorts create parks - special snow structures for trick snowboarding (and skiing). Snowboarding has developed even in countries where there is almost no snowfall, such as Australia.

The first snowboards did not have good handling, which led to a ban on their use on many ski resorts that time. For this reason long years There was mutual hostility between skiers and snowboarders. By 1985, only 7% of resorts in the United States allowed snowboarders on their slopes, about the same in Europe. Along with the improvement of equipment and skating techniques, this figure increased. By 1990, most major resorts had a separate snowboarding slope. Today, approximately 97% of resorts in North America and Europe allow snowboarding, and about half of them have parks and halfpipes.

The highest number of snowboarders - about 6.6 million - was recorded in 2004. By 2008, this number had dropped to 5.1 million due to low snow winters and the so-called “return of skis,” a process particularly characteristic of Europe. Average age snowboarders from 18 to 24 years old; women make up about 25% of the total.

Snowboarding equipment

Types of boards

A modern snowboard is a high-tech product, a fusion of technologies and based on modern composite materials, and therefore lightweight and durable. Typically, the internal structure of a snowboard is " sandwich", that is, a multilayer structure made of carbon fiber, fiberglass and wood, or the so-called. " cap"(It is possible to find a hybrid structure). Sliding surface made mainly of polyethylene with special additives to reduce friction. The top of the snowboard has a protective coating and pattern. There are three main (not counting intermediate and exotic) types of snowboards:

Hard (Alpine). Directional, long and narrow boards with an unpronounced nose and tail. Can only be used with rigid bindings and rigid boots. Designed for both sports disciplines (parallel slalom, parallel giant slalom, snowboardcross) and carving. This type of board is characterized maximum speeds, clear reaction and demanding skills and physical preparation. Slalom boards are shorter and have a smaller radius, carving (extreme carving) boards have a larger length and radius and specific torsional rigidity.
Freeride. Directional boards for riding in virgin soil. As a rule, they have a considerable length, a wide nose and lugs shifted towards the tail. Boards of this type are used with both soft and hard setups. A striking representative of this type of boards are swallow tails. swallow-tail, Russian dovetail) - long boards with a wide nose and tail, divided into two parts like the tail of a swallow. These boards are characterized by an increased sliding area, maximum effective edge length and the ability to “float” in the snow.
Soft: The most common type of boards. There are many varieties of this type, designed for the disciplines of freestyle, jibbing and universal (All-Mountain) for the backcountry. As a rule, boards of these types are short in length, have weak directionality or have no directionality (Twin-tip), and low rigidity. Jibbing boards are made without edges. Freestyle boards can be intended for its individual varieties: big air, halfpipe, snowboard park, etc.

For a beginner snowboarder, a softer snowboard is suitable. It more easily forgives mistakes when riding - with a “soft” board it is easier to learn to ride. However, upon reaching a certain level, you can “fall asleep” on such a board, and then, willy-nilly, you will want higher speeds and steep turns.

Boots

There are two main types of snowboarding boots: hard and soft. Hard boots are a construction of an outer plastic boot and a soft inner part (that is, almost a complete analogue of ski boots), while soft boots differ in that the outer boot has little rigidity.

Fastenings

The leg mounts are installed on special threaded recesses called “ mortgages" The number of such recesses can be from 2 or more per mount, which provides the necessary adjustment for a specific riding style and for convenience. There are two main types of bindings, which differ in the way the boot is secured and the mechanics.

Soft bindings, consisting of a platform attached to the snowboard and special straps with latches; any soft boots are suitable for this type of binding.
Rigid fastenings. Available with automatic latch ( step-in) and conventional rigid mounts. Only special hard plastic boots are suitable for rigid bindings.

Rack

It is generally accepted to divide athletes into “regulars”. regular- regular), putting forward left leg, and "goofy" (eng. goofy- stupid), placing the right hand forward, as in skateboarding. This terminology, however, does not mean that one stance is correct and the other is not, or even that there are generally more “regulars” than “goofies.” Each athlete finds a stance that suits him best over time; some do not consider themselves to be either one or the other and constantly change stances.

The stance is determined by the angle of rotation of the bindings relative to the length of the snowboard. A right angle relative to the length of the board is taken to be zero degrees. Positive angles are those at which the toe is turned in the direction of movement; if the toe is turned in the opposite direction, the angle is considered negative. The front leg is usually not placed at a negative angle, as this causes the rider to move backwards. Hind leg can be placed at either a positive or negative angle, depending on the athlete’s goal. The snowboarder chooses the angles of rotation of the bindings in accordance with the task and based on personal preferences.

Front pillar suitable in most cases, the front leg is turned at an angle of approximately 15° to 21°, and the rear leg is turned at an angle of 0° to 10°. This stance is usually recommended by instructors; The stability of such a stance is also noted in some martial arts. On the other hand, the athlete’s balance is significantly different when riding in a stance opposite to the main one. This can be compensated for by learning to ride backwards in this stance, or by choosing a different stance, such as a flat or straight stance.
Straight The stance is popular among riders who want a stiff stance for forward and reverse riding. Both legs are placed across the board, that is, the angles are set to approximately 0°. On narrow boards (or if the athlete has big feet) this can lead to boot toes that protrude far beyond the edge of the board and cling to the snow during a sharp turn on the front edge.
Duck stand (English) Duck stance) is useful for tricks because it completely eliminates forward movement, since the legs are turned in different directions. In general, the legs in this stance are not necessarily turned to the same angle. The back leg simply needs to be turned out at an angle less than zero. Thus, the rider can change direction at any time. This change of stance during movement is called a feint (sometimes “interception”). fakie, switch- feint, switch).
Mountain stand, also sometimes alpine(tracing paper from English) alpine- alpine, alpine) the front leg is turned at an angle of up to 90°, the back leg is usually slightly less. Used by athletes and on hard equipment.

It should be remembered that the given angles are not standardized in any way, and the rider himself, over time, selects the angles for each of the possible stances.

Video

The complexity and specificity of snowboarding is reflected in the difficulties of making quality films about it. There are specialized film companies working in this direction:

Absinthe Films
Brain Farm
Isseven
Mack Dawg Productions
Pirate Movie Production
StereoTactic (Russia)

Notes

Links

FGSSR - Mining Federation skiing and snowboarding of Russia (official website)
OnBoard - Information portal

Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Synonyms:

See what "Snowboard" is in other dictionaries:

Snowboard - get a valid ridestep promotional code on Akademika or buy a profitable snowboard at a discount on sale at ridestep

Snowboard- sliding along a natural snow-covered slope on a special board (winter Olympic sport). Snowboarding includes the following disciplines: parallel slalom, giant slalom, super-giant, halfpipe (half-pipe), boardercross (snowboard cross)... Official terminology

« Winter views sports Snowboarding"

SNOWBOARDING (English snowboarding, from snow - snow and board - board) - a sport that includes high-speed descent from a mountain slope, performing acrobatic elements on a special track, etc. on a snowboard - a monoski with an edging on which fastenings for the legs are installed .

Snowboarding and its varieties. Snowboarding arose as a natural extension of alpine skiing. (Although snowboarders themselves are very reluctant to admit, or not at all, this relationship, considering snowboarding a completely independent sport). A snowboard is somewhat inferior to alpine skiing in speed (100 km/h versus 150), but superior in the thrill of sensations. In addition, the basics of snowboard technology are easier to master, and the board is easier to control.

Unlike skiers, snowboarders (also called “boarders” or “riders”) stand on the board not facing, but sideways relative to the direction of movement (borrowing from surfing). In this case, the athlete’s stance is important. In the jargon, a snowboarder who rides with his left foot forward is a “regular”, and with his right foot forward is a “goofy”.

The competitive disciplines included in snowboarding are divided into timed (slalom) and judged (freestyle).

Slalom. Includes different types slalom (Norwegian slalom): single, parallel, giant slalom, super-giant and parallel giant - as well as snowboardcross, which became part of the official program in the second half of the 90s. The athlete who completes the course the fastest wins the competition.

Slalom competitions take place on a mountain slope (with a certain height difference and track width) and differ from each other in much the same way as traditional alpine skiing disciplines differ from each other. The “regular” slalom course is shorter and more winding; The giant slalom course can be up to 1000 m long, with fewer control gates. Super-G is the fastest of all types of snowboarding: the speed of an athlete on the track reaches 100 km/h. ( Short distances require more technical skill from participants - due to the larger number of control posts that they need to go around, but on long distances they have to “work” at higher speeds). In parallel slalom, two snowboarders start simultaneously on exactly the same parallel tracks and try to get ahead of each other.

Slalom competitions consist of two stages: qualifying and final. In both qualifying and finals, the athlete is given one attempt each (in parallel slalom - two: one on the left track, the other on the right track). The final result of the athletes who made it to the final is calculated based on the total time shown in two attempts.

In parallel slalom, the final takes place according to a knockout system; in case of a tie, an additional run is scheduled. If an athlete makes a false start, does not stop after giving the signal for a false start, or interferes with an opponent, he will be disqualified.

Snowboardcross is a free descent along a track up to 2000 m long (and at least 30 m wide), in which 4-6 people simultaneously take part. Athletes make jumps, turns, overcome obstacles (waves, combs), etc. Snowboardcross competitions are also divided into two stages: qualifying and final - with elimination (super final and small final).

For gross technical errors (wrong passage of the course) and for deliberate delays of the opponent (pushes, hits, etc.) the athlete is disqualified.

Freestyle (English freestyle - literally free style) as competitive discipline is trick skating, including jumps, spins, somersaults, grabs, etc. (Many tricks have similarities between snowboarding and skateboarding - and partly with rollerblading). Unlike slalom, freestyle is a “subjective” sport. Judges (3-5) give a score for the complexity and technique of performing tricks, the amplitude of the jump, beauty, etc.

Freestyle is divided into several types.

Halfpipe - skating in a special inclined chute made of dense snow, shaped like half of a pipe cut along the length (English half-pipe - half-pipe). This chute, also called a "halfpipe" (or "pipe"), is in many ways similar to the ramp of skateboarders and roller skaters. The length of the halfpipe is on average 100 m, the height from the bottom to the top cut is 3-4 m, the inclination of the longitudinal axis is 15-20 degrees. The athlete rolls down from one edge of the pipe to the other, flies out along the radius, performing one or another trick, “lands”, flies out from the opposite side of the pipe, etc.

Recently, the quarterpipe has also become widespread (from the English quarter - quarter + pipe, a figure reminiscent of one - but very large - halfpipe wall), at the very end of the 90s the superpipe (large halfpipe - in all respects -) became incredibly popular sizes).

Big air (English big air, lit. large space) - a jump from a special springboard. Includes the following phases: acceleration, the jump itself and landing. The jump should be long and spectacular. The amplitude of the jump, the execution of the trick, the cleanliness and precision of the landing are assessed.

Slopestyle (English: slopestyle, from slope - slope and style - style) - competitions on a track with figures arranged in two or more rows: while passing the track on one or another section, the athlete has the opportunity to choose.

All of the above disciplines are sometimes combined under the general concept of “technical freestyle”.

Freeride (English freeride - literally free route) - riding on difficult and unsafe mountain slopes. This most extreme of all types of snowboarding essentially combines freestyle and slalom. Requires exceptional courage and precise calculation. Only specially invited athletes participate in freeride competitions. The elevation difference on the site is 300-600 m, the average slope is 35-45 degrees. The judges evaluate (using a special scale) the participants' skiing style and technique, confidence and “consistency” of the descent, as well as the choice of route. As in slopestyle, successfully completing a more difficult route (difficulty is determined by the angle of inclination on a particular section, the length of the jump, the complexity of the trick performed, etc.) brings more points. Depending on the nature of the fall on the track, a certain number of points are deducted from the participant.

In some classifications, freeride is distinguished as a separate discipline of snowboarding.

There are also “non-competitive” varieties in snowboarding. For example, freeride backcountry (literally backcountry): skiing on hard-to-reach, extremely dangerous - and sometimes completely undeveloped - mountain slopes (sometimes snowboarders land on the top from a helicopter, we practice this in Kamchatka), or jibbing (English: jibbing) - skiing in snowboard parks, where special figures for sliding are installed: rails, “tables”, etc.

Equipment and equipment. The snowboard is made of wood and artificial materials.

Along with universal ones, special boards are produced for individual disciplines, which differ from each other primarily in the degree of rigidity (soft ones are intended for freestyle, harder ones for slalom), as well as in size and shape. Freestyle snowboards are shorter and more maneuverable than slalom snowboards. Freeride boards are longer than freestyle boards and more directional (see below) in shape. Slalom races are long and narrow. When determining the appropriate size (length) of the board, the athlete's weight and (to some extent) height should also be taken into account.

There are snowboards that are directional (that is, with a given direction of movement due to the configuration) and symmetrical (with the same tip and heel). Currently, so-called “asymmetrics”, or “crooked boards”, right and left-hand side which are slightly different, which makes it easier to make turns.

In the "geometry" of a snowboard great importance has a so-called waist, or lateral radius (the degree of bending of the board), which affects maneuverability.

Another important characteristic of the board is its width. The choice is largely determined by the size of the future owner’s feet. Now some companies specially produce “extended” versions of their standard models.

Shoes, like snowboards, come in different forms. For freestyle (and freeride) you need softer shoes with appropriate fastenings, for slalom - hard boots similar to ski boots and the same fastening. (The mount may also include additional functions, for example, vibration damping). By analogy with the boards and bindings used in various types of snowboarding, these disciplines themselves are sometimes referred to as “soft” and “hard”.

The main parameters when installing bindings on a snowboard are the width of the stand and the rotation angle of the fastening axes (it ranges from 0 degrees, i.e. perpendicular to the board, to 90 degrees along the longitudinal axis in the direction of the toe of the snowboard). Representatives of freestyle, as a rule, prefer a wider and “perpendicular” stance, while slalom skiers gravitate towards a narrow and “longitudinal” stance.

Participants in slalom competitions compete in overalls, and in freestyle - in looser suits. In giant slalom and snowboardcross it is mandatory to wear special hard helmets with an internal frame. It is also recommended to use additional funds protection.

At competitions, the use of accessories that improve physical abilities athlete: improving balance, increasing weight, etc.

Historical reference.

The origin and development of snowboarding. Snowboarding began in the 1960s. There are known references to experiments with boards vaguely resembling a snowboard at the beginning of the last century.

American Sherman Poppen is considered the founder of modern snowboarding. An experienced surfer, Poppen came up with a new entertainment: he connected two alpine skis together and attached a rope to the front, which allowed him to control the projectile. He called his invention “snerf” (English snurf - from snow and surf). Over time, industrial production of snerfs was established. (There were guides at the bottom, like on alpine skiing; Another fundamental difference between snuff and modern snowboarding is the lack of bindings.) In the late 60s, competitions began to be held.

In the early 1970s, a board more similar to a modern snowboard appeared. In the 70-80s, Jake (Carpenter) Burton, Chuck Barfoot, Tom Sims and others made many fundamental improvements to its design. For example, a high heel fastening, a metal edging of the board, a rounded heel, etc. appeared. Already in the late 70s, several snowboard brands were registered, including Burton and Sims, and the first television advertisement related to snowboarding appeared.

In the early 80s, the first snowboard competitions took place. At one time, snurfers and snowboarders participated equally in them. (The appearance of the term “snowboard” itself is not due to its design differences from its predecessor, but to the fact that the name “snerf” was patented by Poppen).

In the mid-80s, the snowboard boom reached its apogee. If earlier the administration of most ski resorts actually prohibited snowboarders from accessing their slopes (according to one version, it was these bans that led to the emergence of freeride: riders “excommunicated” from the slopes began to ride directly on virgin snow), but now courses have begun to be opened at some of them for those who want to learn how to ride a board. The first specialized publication dedicated to snowboarding and the first printed manuals are published. The first competitions in Europe are taking place. And in 1988 the first World Cup was played (in Europe and the USA).

The use of artificial “snowmaking” systems and special equipment for creating snow chutes and other figures had a noticeable impact on the further development of snowboarding and the growth of its popularity.

ISF or FIS? Back in the early 70s, a professional snowboarding federation arose in the United States, regularly holding competitions. There have been several similar organizations in the history of snowboarding. After another association of professional snowboarders ceased to exist in 1990, the International Snowboarding Federation (ISF) was created, which initially included 120 athletes from 5 countries. In January 1993, she held “her” first world championship. The ISF has developed as such a snowboarding competition circuit and corresponding performance standards.

Much to the surprise of ISF supporters, in the mid-90s the IOC recognized the International Ski Federation (FIS) as the official governing body of snowboarding. (Around this time, snowboarding was included in the official program of the Olympic Games). In 1994-1995 the first World Cup was played under the auspices of the Federation, and in 1996 FIS held “its” first world snowboarding championship in Austria.

A number of the world's leading snowboarders, such as the legendary Norwegian rider Terje Haakonsen, refused to participate in the 1998 Olympics in protest. A paradoxical situation also developed at the snowboarding competitions at the Games in Salt Lake City. Many pros, having nothing to do with the “permanent” national teams, nevertheless easily passed the pre-Olympic qualification, ahead of the “national teams” noticeably inferior to them in class - and, thus, represented their countries at the Olympics.

Snowboarding is the youngest of the 11 extremely diverse ski disciplines supervised by FIS. Of all the types of snowboarding that exist today, FIS cultivates only six: giant slalom, parallel slalom (“regular” and giant), halfpipe, Big Air and snowboardcross. There are certain discrepancies in the rules of competitions held under the auspices of the FIS and ISF.

In the summer of 2002, the ISF could not withstand the competition and ceased its activities. But just a month and a half later, at a special meeting in Munich of representatives of professional snowboarding from almost 20 countries (including Russia), the World Snowboarding Federation (WSF) was established. According to the founders of the WSF, the FIS does not adequately represent the interests of professional snowboarders and does little to develop snowboarding as a sporting discipline. However, the WSF does not seek confrontation with the FIS, but, on the contrary, is committed to cooperation.

Snowboarding at the Olympic Games. In 1998, snowboarding made its Olympic debut - in giant slalom and freestyle (among men and women). First Olympic champions in snowboarding were: Nicole Tost (Germany) and Gianni Simmen (Switzerland) - in the halfpipe, and in slalom - the most titled of all snowboarders in the world, Karin Rubi (France) and Ross Rebagliati (Canada).

Snowboarding's Olympic debut was marred by two scandals. IOC representatives invited only five teams to the competition - of their choice. More than 20 participating countries (including Russia) who wanted to compete at the Games were refused. A blood test taken from Rebagliati after the victory showed the presence of traces of marijuana: nevertheless, the medal was left for the champion, on the grounds that he was a victim of “passive smoking” at a party.

At the 2002 Games in Salt Lake City, Americans Ross Powers and Kelly Clark (halfpipe), as well as Swiss Philippe Schoch and Frenchwoman Isabelle Blanc (giant slalom) celebrated victory. (Ruby won the silver medal in the women's slalom.) These Games were not without scandal. First of all, many experts noted the low level of judging.

Snowboarding today. At the beginning of the 21st century, in its homeland, the United States, snowboarding was the fastest growing among all sports: the number of people regularly involved in it by that time amounted to more than 7 million people and continued to grow steadily. And all over the world, snowboarders, according to some data, make up a quarter of the total number of people involved in various winter sports.

With the development of snowboarding, the idea of not only skiing has radically changed (skiing has traditionally been considered a hobby of a select - and, as a rule, age - public, while snowboarding is a more democratic and predominantly youth sport), but also of active winter recreation in general. Currently, there are more than 300 companies in the snowboard industry (about a third of all snowboards are produced by Burton's company). Many ski resorts have snowboard parks (with halfpipes, jumps, etc.).

Snowboarding has received the greatest development in the USA and Canada, as well as in Germany, Austria, France, Switzerland and the Scandinavian countries. In some countries (Switzerland, Austria, etc.) snowboarding lessons are included in school curriculum in physical training.

The FIS World Championship is held every 2 years, and the multi-stage World Cup is held annually. Snowboarding is included in the program of the Winter Extreme Games (X-Games), first held in 1997. It is still very prestigious open championship USA snowboarding (the 2002 championship was already the 20th in a row). Every year in different countries Numerous “sponsored” competitions are organized: general and in individual events. The new pro-series “Ticket to Ride” is gaining momentum.

At first, only slalom was cultivated in our country, partly because of its similarity to traditional alpine skiing. Over time, domestic snowboarders also mastered freestyle.

In 1996, the first summer snowboard camp in Russia opened on Elbrus, which later became an annual event. A year later, the first national championship was held in the Elbrus region. Russian snowboarders have already mastered Kamchatka, the Urals, the Caucasus, Altai, and the Khibiny Mountains. Fans of snowboarding ride not only in “natural conditions”, but also in sports parks.

In some cities across the country, halfpipes are being built or have already been built.

The popularity of snowboarding in our country is growing, although in terms of skill level Russian athletes so far inferior to foreign ones. (Not the least role in this is played by the lack of constant summer practice.) Competitions are held in various types snowboarding - all-Russian (national championship and Cup) and regional, as well as tournaments under the patronage of various companies.

The peculiar situation that has developed in modern snowboarding is partly manifested in Russia. In 1995, snowboarding became one of the disciplines falling under the jurisdiction of the Russian Alpine Ski Federation - as a result, the Federation was even re-registered, and the word “snowboarding” was added to its name. At the same time - and completely autonomously - a professional Russian Federation snowboarding (WSF-Russia).

The country's leading snowboarders are Roman Dyrin, Dmitry Fesenko, Maria Tikhvinskaya, Denis Zezin, Maxim Khalin, Andrey Lavrov, Maxim Balakhovsky, Dmitry Vaitkus and others.

Snowboard(ing) Snowboarding) - an Olympic sport that involves descending from snow-covered slopes and mountains on a special equipment - a snowboard. Initially, it was a winter sport, although some extreme sports enthusiasts mastered it even in the summer, snowboarding on sandy slopes (sandboarding).

Since snowboarding often takes place on unprepared slopes and at high speeds, a variety of equipment is used to protect against injuries - helmets, protection for joints, arms, legs, and back.

At the 1998 Winter Olympics in Nagano, snowboarding was included in the Olympic program for the first time.

Types of snowboarding

Snowboarding is divided into several varieties

Hard - high-speed skating on prepared slopes using special equipment, equipment and skating techniques (racing, carving, etc.).
Sports - includes the following disciplines: boardercross, slalom, parallel slalom, giant slalom, parallel giant slalom and super-giant.
Freeride (English) Freeride) - free descent along unprepared slopes, from fairly gentle to the steepest.
Freestyle (English) Freestyle) - descent along a track prepared for jumping and acrobatic stunts. Freestyle includes a number of disciplines, including halfpipe. half-pipe), big air (English) big-air), slopestyle (eng. slope-style) and other.

Snowboarding is an Olympic sport.

Snowboarding - relatively the new kind sport on the list of official Winter Olympic Games. Although, already in the 80s, snowboarding began to gain momentum in popularity. It became an Olympic sport only in 1999, at the Winter Olympics in Nagano. This was the main event of the four-year period for all riders of the world, the application for the inclusion of snowboarding in the list of Olympic sports became the cause of controversy.

Many athletes were disappointed when the International Olympic Committee placed snowboarding under the jurisdiction of the International Ski Federation (FSI) rather than the International Sports Federation (ISF). The IOC made the move despite the fact that the IFU had already sanctioned the participation of snowboarding at the Nagano Games. This fact has become the main source of discontent among supporters of this sport. The best example of disappointment was the boycott of the Norwegian snowboarder Hakonsen, who was considered one of the best snowboarders at that time. He stated that he would boycott the games in 1998 and subsequent games. This was not the last negative incident related to snowboarding at the Nagano Games. Canadian snowboarder Ross Rebagliati won gold medal and was deprived of it three days after testing positive for marijuana. However, Rebagliati's camp argued that it was second-hand smoke that he inhaled at a disco in Canada. In addition, they argued that in any case it does not affect the athlete's results. The IOC eventually reversed the decision because marijuana is not a hard drug. Rebagliati received his medal back.
There are currently six Olympic events snowboard: men's and women's halfpipe, men's and women's parallel giant slalom, and men's and women's snowboard cross.
Initially, only halfpipe and parallel giant slalom were on the list of Olympic games. In the halfpipe, the rider rolls from one end to the other of a U-shaped chute, performing dizzying jumps and tricks while performing. In parallel slalom 16 best athletes, by drawing lots, are divided into pairs and during the screening process a champion is determined. And finally, snowboard cross is where four riders race along a course to the finish line. Throughout the course, athletes overcome various obstacles. In addition to obstacles, there are also quite narrow places that create certain difficulties for the riders, due to which accidents are not uncommon in this type of competition. It is safe to say that snowboarding will evolve every year. These may be new rules or new types of competitions, but one thing we can say with confidence is that the sport will be more spectacular.

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Snowboard. Snowboarding is a sport that does not require special training. physical training. Anyone can learn to ride, it’s just a matter of time and goals. For some, it is enough to be able to slide down relatively gentle slopes in order to go out for a ride with friends a couple of times during the winter. While others need adrenaline, high speeds, difficult park skating tricks or untouched freeride slopes. This requires different levels of technique, so the approach to learning to snowboard is individual for each person.

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Snowboarding and its varieties. The competitive disciplines included in snowboarding are divided into timed (slalom) and judged (freestyle). 1. Slalom Includes different types of slalom: single, parallel, giant slalom, super giant and parallel giant, as well as snowboard cross, which was included in the official program in the second half of the 90s. The athlete who completes the course the fastest wins the competition.

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Slalom. The coach can only say - is it worth trying or not? Abilities, character, even the ability to work do not guarantee anything. There are too many degrees of freedom on the way to the top for the most insightful mind to foresee. There is only one consolation: those who try may or may not achieve it, those who don’t try will definitely not achieve it!

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2 Freestyle Freestyle (free style) as a competitive discipline is trick skating, including jumps, spins, and somersaults. Unlike slalom, freestyle is a “subjective” sport. Judges (3–5) give a score for the complexity and technique of performing tricks, the amplitude of the jump, and beauty. Freestyle is divided into several types: 1. Halfpipe - skating in a special inclined chute made of dense snow, shaped like half of a pipe cut along the length. This chute, also called a "halfpipe" (or "pipe"), is in many ways similar to the ramp of skateboarders and roller skaters. The length of the halfpipe is on average 100 m, the height from the bottom to the top cut is 3–4 m, the inclination of the longitudinal axis is 15–20 degrees. The athlete rolls down from one edge of the pipe to the other, flies out along a radius, performing one or another trick, “lands”, and flies out from the opposite side of the pipe.

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Classes with a trainer. This is the easiest and fastest way to progress and production correct technique. A snowboard coach will determine your level of skiing and, depending on your goals, select a set of exercises both on the slope and on the snowboard simulator. An experienced instructor will pay attention to errors when performing exercises and tell you how to correct them. You can always ask him questions that arise during the training. Of course, you can independently achieve much of what the coach will tell you and show you. The question is how much time and effort will be spent on this.

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Right choice trainer is the key to success. If you decide to start getting acquainted with snowboarding with lessons with a coach, the next task is to choose a truly professional. At small resorts, the trainers are often people who have been skiing themselves for a couple of seasons and have no special education. And not every pro-rider or professional sportsman can be a good coach. After all, it’s not enough to be able to do it yourself; you need to be able to explain exactly how to do it correctly to another person. When choosing a trainer, first pay attention to whether he has a certificate. There is no unified certification system for snowboard instructors in the world; it is different in each country. There are several schools in Russia that train snowboard coaches. Certificates are also valued international schools snowboard. A diploma of graduation from the sports department of the institute is also a plus for an instructor’s skills. Also pay attention to reviews of the trainer’s work from his previous students. If they never learned to skate well, the training may not have been very effective. Ask your coach where and how much he skates. It is important for a professional to maintain and constantly improve his level, and not just spend time with beginners on the training slopes. Don't pay attention to age. Snowboarding is a relatively young sport, and advanced age is not at all an indicator of success and professionalism. A good coach maybe a very young man or girl.

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Snowboarding and the Olympic Games. . In 1998, snowboarding made its Olympic debut - in giant slalom and freestyle (among men and women). The first Olympic champions in snowboarding were: Nicole Tost (Germany) and Gianni Simmen (Switzerland) - in the halfpipe, and in slalom - the most titled of all snowboarders in the world, Karine Rubi (France) and Ross Rebagliati (Canada). More than 20 participating countries (including Russia) who wanted to compete at the Games were refused. A blood test taken from Rebagliati after the victory showed the presence of traces of marijuana: nevertheless, the medal was left for the champion, on the grounds that he was a victim of “passive smoking” at a party.. In 2002 at the Games in Salt Lake City The victory was celebrated by Americans Ross Powers and Kelly Clark (halfpipe), as well as Swiss Philipp Schoch and Frenchwoman Isabelle Blanc (giant slalom). (Ruby won the silver medal in the women's slalom.) These Games were not without scandal. First of all, many experts noted the low level of judging.

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Snowboarding in Russia. In the late 80s, Muscovites Alexey Grosh and Alexey Melnikov made the first copy of a snowboard brought from abroad, and a little later they established mass production of boards in the Gromel company they created. At first, only slalom was cultivated in our country, partly because of its similarity to traditional alpine skiing. Over time, domestic snowboarders also mastered freestyle. In 1996, the first summer snowboard camp in Russia opened on Elbrus, which later became an annual event. A year later, the first national championship was held in the Elbrus region. Russian snowboarders have already mastered Kamchatka, the Urals, the Caucasus, Altai, Khibiny, Sochi, Sheregesh. Fans of snowboarding ride not only in “natural conditions”, but also in sports parks.

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The popularity of snowboarding in our country is growing, although Russian athletes are still inferior to foreign ones in terms of skill level. Competitions are held in various types of snowboarding - all-Russian (national championship and Cup) and regional, as well as tournaments under the patronage of various companies. The peculiar situation that has developed in modern snowboarding is partly manifested in Russia. In 1995, snowboarding became one of the disciplines falling under the jurisdiction of the Russian Alpine Ski Federation - as a result, the Federation was even re-registered, and the word “snowboarding” was added to its name. At the same time, and completely autonomously, the professional Russian Snowboarding Federation (WSF-Russia) operates.

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Conclusion: In my understanding, the coach is primarily responsible for the rider’s progress, he must thoroughly understand what exactly needs to be done to perform this or that element, and must also provide comfortable conditions, prepare everything in the right form, so that the rider thinks only about the trick and nothing else.