44 km per hour. Human running speed (record, maximum, average). Why is Bale there and we are here?
Holland traditionally occupies a leading position in the world in terms of the number of trained world-class players. Did you know that 30 years ago running coaches appeared in Dutch clubs? Not by physical training or rehabilitation, but coaches who teach football players how to run correctly. Specialists of this profile are still a unique phenomenon for Russia.
Chertanovo coach Roman Skulkin, whose students include European champions among youths born in 1996, in the book “The Theater of Football - from Fan and Agent to President,” explains the reasons why the advantage of foreign teams over ours is often in speed. He also talks about the qualities that, together with the ability to hit accurately and correctly assess the situation on the field, distinguish world-class masters.
Does football need athletics coaches?
— For the importance of the aspect of running work, I will cite the thesis: “headless horsemen are not needed in football.” Sometimes they jokingly call football players with breakneck speed, but with poor technique and no thinking.” But every player has reserves. But first, I’ll briefly tell you about myself so that the reader understands on what basis I draw conclusions and why I consider some popular football stereotypes to be misconceptions.
When starting to work in a new sport for myself, I proceeded from the fact that football and athletics combine running. But the deeper I became acquainted with football, the more often I came across nuances. I realized that the athletics training of football players, and indeed all players in general, is very specific. Therefore, by the way, I am generally skeptical about invitations to football teams specialists from athletics using methods familiar to their sport. Exercises must meet the motor requirements of football. After all, in the game you constantly need to change direction, brake sharply, then explode again, while still working with the ball and controlling the situation on the field.
It took me more than 6 years to create my running technique training system. And this system is constantly being improved. I will give the main theses that formed the basis of the special exercises.
How better technology the player runs, the faster and more efficient his entire movement. For a better understanding, I suggest turning to a common football example. During the match, players spend only a couple of minutes with the ball - the rest of the time they run. At an average pace, jerkily, with a sharp change of direction, in many variations. And the effectiveness of working with the ball, the ability to maintain concentration and control the situation on the field depend on how technically correct a football player runs, how economically he distributes forces. And our players very often are not enough for the entire game.
In football, the ability to get ahead of an opponent in a short distance often determines the result. Even one correctly made step or jump can be victorious in the episode, and possibly in the game. But just as often we see that when a football player receives the ball after a long run, he is no longer able to play the episode to the end - to sharply accelerate and get into a striking position. At such moments, fans are surprised - how could such a great master waste his chance so mediocrely?! This is the most important reserve for a football player’s training - the more technical and economical all his movements are, the more effective he will be with the ball throughout the match.
The second most important thesis is that running technique determines athletic longevity. How more correct technique the less stress on the joints and spine.
Why is Bale there and we are here?
In addition, people are skeptical about such a deep study of running work. The high speed and dexterous work with the ball of top players is often attributed to talent. It’s easier to say: “Yes, he was born like that.” Although my experience and observation of world-class stars convince me that high technique of movement is one of the qualities that sets top-level masters apart from simply good players. The absence of such work in football schools I also judge by the children who come to us to watch. Looking at them, I understand that they didn’t even try to teach them the technique of movements. And although there are “explosive” boys, “running in place” does not allow them to fully develop. It's like putting square wheels on a Formula 1 car. With them the car will never go “fast”. That’s why we lose dozens of capable players every year.
A clear example of the importance of this aspect of preparation is Gareth Bale. Take a closer look at his running technique - how easy, relaxed and at the same time powerful the Welshman moves. This allows him to confidently control the ball even at high speed and “explode” at any moment. Therefore, when we asked the question during the European Championship: “why did Bale fly away from our players as if they were standing up,” it was enough to compare the run of the Real Madrid star with Russian football players. The Welshman's speed in the game reaches 40 kilometers per hour, and he runs on the lawn. For a better understanding, I’ll note that Usain Bolt accelerates to 44. Now let’s compare with the performance of our players, the speed fluctuates between 28-31 km/h...
I would like to emphasize that top masters are also distinguished by top-notch movement techniques. Yes, not everyone can reach the level of Bale or Lionel Messi who, according to the analysis of American experts, accelerated with the ball to a speed of 37 kilometers per hour in his famous “race”. But every football player has a reserve!
Text: Maxim Mikhalko, Alexey Safonov
Photo: Sergey Dronyaev, Global Look Press
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1 kilometer per hour [km/h] = 0.277777777777778 meters per second [m/s]
Initial value
Converted value
meter per second meter per hour meter per minute kilometer per hour kilometer per minute kilometer per second centimeter per hour centimeter per minute centimeter per second millimeter per hour millimeter per minute millimeter per second foot per hour foot per minute foot per second yard per hour yard per minute yard per second mile per hour mile per minute miles per second knot knot (UK) speed of light in vacuum first cosmic speed second cosmic speed third cosmic speed speed of rotation of the Earth speed of sound in fresh water speed of sound in sea water(20°C, depth 10 meters) Mach number (20°C, 1 atm) Mach number (SI standard)
More about speed
General information
Speed is a measure of the distance traveled in a certain time. Speed can be a scalar quantity or a vector quantity - the direction of movement is taken into account. The speed of movement in a straight line is called linear, and in a circle - angular.
Speed measurement
Average speed v found by dividing the total distance traveled ∆ x for total time ∆ t: v = ∆x/∆t.
In the SI system, speed is measured in meters per second. Kilometers per hour in the metric system and miles per hour in the US and UK are also widely used. When, in addition to the magnitude, the direction is also indicated, for example, 10 meters per second to the north, then we are talking about vector velocity.
The speed of bodies moving with acceleration can be found using the formulas:
- a, with initial speed u during the period ∆ t, has a finite speed v = u + a×∆ t.
- A body moving with constant acceleration a, with initial speed u and final speed v, It has average speed ∆v = (u + v)/2.
Average speeds
Speed of light and sound
According to the theory of relativity, the speed of light in a vacuum is the highest speed at which energy and information can travel. It is denoted by the constant c and is equal to c= 299,792,458 meters per second. Matter cannot move at the speed of light because it would require an infinite amount of energy, which is impossible.
The speed of sound is usually measured in an elastic medium, and is equal to 343.2 meters per second in dry air at a temperature of 20 °C. The speed of sound is lowest in gases and highest in solids X. It depends on the density, elasticity, and shear modulus of the substance (which shows the degree of deformation of the substance under shear load). Mach number M is the ratio of the speed of a body in a liquid or gas medium to the speed of sound in this medium. It can be calculated using the formula:
M = v/a,
Where a is the speed of sound in the medium, and v- body speed. Mach number is commonly used in determining speeds close to the speed of sound, such as airplane speeds. This value is not constant; it depends on the state of the medium, which, in turn, depends on pressure and temperature. Supersonic speed is a speed exceeding Mach 1.
Vehicle speed
Below are some vehicle speeds.
- Passenger aircraft with turbofan engines: The cruising speed of passenger aircraft is from 244 to 257 meters per second, which corresponds to 878–926 kilometers per hour or M = 0.83–0.87.
- High-speed trains (like the Shinkansen in Japan): such trains reach maximum speeds of 36 to 122 meters per second, that is, from 130 to 440 kilometers per hour.
Animal speed
The maximum speeds of some animals are approximately equal to:
Human speed
- People walk at speeds of about 1.4 meters per second, or 5 kilometers per hour, and run at speeds of up to about 8.3 meters per second, or 30 kilometers per hour.
Examples of different speeds
Four-dimensional speed
In classical mechanics, vector velocity is measured in three-dimensional space. According to the special theory of relativity, space is four-dimensional, and the measurement of speed also takes into account the fourth dimension - space-time. This speed is called four-dimensional speed. Its direction may change, but its magnitude is constant and equal to c, that is, the speed of light. Four-dimensional speed is defined as
U = ∂x/∂τ,
Where x represents a world line - a curve in space-time along which a body moves, and τ is the "proper time" equal to the interval along the world line.
Group speed
Group velocity is the speed of wave propagation, describing the speed of propagation of a group of waves and determining the speed of wave energy transfer. It can be calculated as ∂ ω /∂k, Where k is the wave number, and ω - angular frequency. K measured in radians/meter, and the scalar frequency of wave oscillation ω - in radians per second.
Hypersonic speed
Hypersonic speed is a speed exceeding 3000 meters per second, that is, many times faster than the speed of sound. Solid bodies moving at such speeds acquire the properties of liquids, since, thanks to inertia, the loads in this state are stronger than the forces that hold the molecules of a substance together during collisions with other bodies. At ultrahigh hypersonic speeds, two colliding solids turn into gas. In space, bodies move at exactly this speed, and engineers designing spacecraft, orbital stations and spacesuits must consider the possibility of a station or astronaut colliding with space debris and other objects when working in outer space. In such a collision, the skin of the spacecraft and the spacesuit suffer. Hardware developers are conducting hypersonic collision experiments in special laboratories to determine how severe impacts the suits, as well as the skin and other parts of the spacecraft, such as fuel tanks and solar panels, testing their strength. To do this, spacesuits and skin are exposed to impacts from various objects from a special installation at supersonic speeds exceeding 7500 meters per second.
Human
can't fly
Maximum jump length person- less than 9 meters.
The bats They fly slower than birds, however, according to some information, some of their species can reach higher speeds than the 23 kilometers per hour indicated here. Yes, American look Tadarida brasiliensis, can reportedly fly at speeds of 70 km/h or more.
A person cannot follow the movements of a bat’s wings, because in the time it takes us to perceive one “frame”, it manages to flap them more than 10 times.
A bicycle plane or a muscle plane is a rather exotic type of transport, but there are already several dozen models of such machines. The first of them was built in 1979.
To carry its pilot, the bicycle plane must have a wingspan of about 30 meters, and at the same time weigh only 30–40 kilograms. It is clear that such a design turns out to be quite expensive and not very reliable and controllable - that is why there are no commercial models of bicycle aircraft.
The record for flight range on a bicycle plane is only 115 kilometers. This achievement belongs to the cyclist Kanellos Kanellopoulos , 14-time Greek champion. On April 23, 1988, he followed the legendary Daedalus from Crete to the island of Santorini on the Daedalus bicycle plane, created by students and staff of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); the flight took just under 4 hours.
The official speed record for bicycle airplanes (in flight along a closed trajectory) was set in 1985 in Germany on the Musculair II: 44.26 km/h.
Spine-tailed Swift
